2-Methylbutan-1-ol

log Kow= 1.29 (measured)

1.290

1.3/1.4

0.816 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.8

0.815-0.820

MISCIBLE WITH ALC & ETHER

Sol in acetone

Water solubility: 30,000 mg/l : 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 3.0 (moderate)

Very slightly soluble in water; 50% soluble in heptane, triacetin

soluble (in ethanol)

50 °C

122 °F (50 °C) (OPEN CUP)

50 °C o.c.

128 °C @ 760 MM HG

128.00 to 130.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

128 °C

130 °C

Danger

H226 (36.3%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 2020 reports by companies from 32 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

Chemical: 1-Butanol, 2-methyl-

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)

1-Butanol, 2-methyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Butanol, 2-methyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 15-12-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/12040

2-Methyl-1-butanol: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; May cause CNS effects; Swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis. The liquid defats the skin. [ICSC] Safe when used as a flavoring agent; [JECFA] In oral lethal dose studies, animals have ataxia and prostration; [OECD SIDS] An irritant; Effects in high-dose animal studies include spastic paralysis with/without sensory change; [MSDSonline]

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of 2-methyl-1-butanol stem from its toxicologic properties. Toxic by all routes (ie, inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption), exposure to this colorless liquid may occur from its use as a solvent, as a frothing agent in ore flotation, in lubricants, plasticizers, oils, and paints, and as a chemical intermediate for diamyldithiophosphates, 2-methyl-1-butylamine, esters, and ethers. Effects from exposure may include irritation of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, headache, dizziness, giddiness, nausea, cardiac arrhythmias, or pulmonary edema. In activities and situations where over-exposure may occur, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus. If contact should occur, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes, and wash exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water. This substance must be moderately heated before ignition will occur. If this substance should be involved in a fire, use water to cool the material to below its flash point.

2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.

2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.

0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Flam. Liq. 3 (100%)

Flam. Liq. 3 (36.3%)

Flammable liquids - Category 3

Flammable liquids - Category 3

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: The only identifiable degradation process in soil is biodegradation. Although biodegradation data specific to 2-methyl-1-butanol are unavailable, analogy to similar aliphatic alcohols suggests that 2-methyl-1-butanol will readily biodegrade. Based upon an estimated Koc values of 15 and 120, 2-methyl-1-butanol is expected to leach readily in soil(2,SRC); however, the importance of leaching may be lessened by relatively rapid, concurrent biodegradation(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: The only important identifiable degradation process in water is biodegradation. Although biodegradation data specific to 2-methyl-1-butanol are unavailable, analogy to similar aliphatic alcohols suggests that 2-methyl-1-butanol will be readily biodegradable. The volatilization half-lives of 2-methyl-1-butanol from a model environmental river (1 meter deep) and model pond have been estimated to be 61 hr and 28 days, respectively(1,2,SRC). Aquatic bioconcentration, hydrolysis, photodegradation and adsorption to sediment are not expected to be important(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based upon a vapor pressure of 3.13 mm Hg at 25 °C(1), 2-methyl-1-butanol is expected to exist almost entirely in the vapor-phase in the ambient atmosphere(2,SRC). It will degrade in an average ambient atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals (estimated half-life of 47 hr)(3,SRC). Physical removal from air via wet deposition is possible since 2-methyl-1-butanol is relatively soluble in water(SRC).

Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Sore throat.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Based upon a water solubility of 30,000 mg/l at 25 °C(1), the Koc for 2-methyl-1-butanol can be estimated to be 15 from a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). Based upon a measured log Kow of 1.29(3), the Koc for 2-methyl-1-butanol can be estimated to be 120 from a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). These BCF values suggest that 2-methyl-1-butanol has high to very high soil mobility(4).

2-Methyl-1-butanol has been identified as a volatile component of blue cheese aroma(1), Concord grape juice essence(2), nectarines(3), apples(4,5), papaya fruit(6), oranges(7), and tomatoes(8). 2-Methyl-1-butanol is released in the volatile emissions from poultry manure(9).

TOXIC BY INGESTION, INHALATION & SKIN ABSORPTION.

2-Methyl-1-butanol ... /is/ low in single dose oral toxicity. ... Severely irritating to the eyes, minimally irritating to the skin, & can be absorbed through the skin. ...

2-Methyl-1-butanol was identified as one of the odorous compounds emitted to the air from a sedimentation tank at a German water treatment facility(1). Various solvent uses of 2-methyl-1-butanol will release 2-methyl-1-butanol to air through evaporation(SRC).

Used as a solvent; for organic synthesis (introduction of active amyl group); in lubricants, plasticizers, and additives for oils and paints; as a frothing agent in ore flotation; as a chemical intermediate; [HSDB] Used to manufacture liquid crystals, plant protection agents, and fragrances; to catalyze polymerization of caprolactam; and to extract crude oil; [CHEMINFO]

Petroleum Production and Refining [Category: Industry]

SOLVENT; ORGANIC SYNTHESIS (INTRODUCTION OF ACTIVE AMYL GROUP); IN LUBRICANTS, PLASTICIZERS, ADDITIVES FOR OILS & PAINTS.

CHEM INT, EG, FOR ESTERS & ETHERS.

FROTHING AGENT IN ORE FLOTATION.

CHEM INT FOR DIAMYLDITHIOPHOSPHATES (CORROSION INHIBITOR).

2023: 10,000,000 - <50,000,000 lb

(1979) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 2.27X10+6 GRAMS

(1981) 1.36-2.72X10+9 GRAMS (ESTIMATED PRODN)

BY FRACTIONATION OF FUSEL OIL AND VIA CHLORINATION OF PENTANES.

REACTION OF N-BUTENES WITH CARBON MONOXIDE & HYDROGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF COBALT HYDROCARBONYL (OXO PROCESS) FOLLOWED BY HYDROGENATION OF THE RESULTING C5 ALDEHYDES TO A MIXT OF AMYL ALCOHOLS WHICH CAN BE SEPARATED BY DISTILLATION

Fragrance Ingredients

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Adhesive Manufacturing

1-Butanol, 2-methyl-: ACTIVE

SYNTHETIC PRODUCT IS RACEMIC MIXTURE OF BOTH DEXTRO- & LEVOROTATORY CMPD &, THEREFORE, NOT OPTICALLY ACTIVE.