1-Hexene

Other Classes -> Aliphatics, Unsaturated

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

log Kow= 3.39

3.39

0.673 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.6731 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.7

0.673

0.6732 @25 °C

Very sol in ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene, and petroleum ether

In water, 50 mg/l at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.005

-15 °F (USCG, 1999)

BELOW 20 °F (BELOW -7 °C) (CLOSED CUP)

-26 °C c.c.

-15 °F

146.3 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

63.4 °C @ 760 mm Hg

63 °C

146.3 °

64.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-219.6 °F (USCG, 1999)

-139.7 °C

-140 °C

-219.6 °F

-139.9 °C

3.0 (Air= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.9

Danger

H225 (97.5%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264+P265, P280, P301+P316, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P331, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 317 reports by companies from 15 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P273, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Chemical: 1-Hexene

1-Hexene is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Hexene are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 11-05-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15420

1-Hexene: HSNO Approval: HSR001170 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Extremely flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.

Inhalation may cause giddiness or incoordination similar to that from gasoline vapor. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations may induce loss of consciousness or death. (USCG, 1999)

CAUTION: Petroleum crude oil (UN1267) may contain TOXIC hydrogen sulphide gas.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Use foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

SKIN OR EYES: wash exposed skin areas with soap and water; thoroughly flush eyes with water to remove any splashes; launder contaminated clothing before reuse. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,660(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.39(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-hexene is expected to have low mobility in soil. Volatilization of 1-hexene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.41 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), from its vapor pressure of 187.6 mm Hg(4) and water solubility of 50 mg/l(5). Volatilization of 1-hexene from dry soil surfaces may occur based upon the vapor pressure of 1-hexene(4). 1-Hexene's linear hydrocarbon structure would suggest that biodegradation is an important process in soil(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,660(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.39(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-hexene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.41 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), from its vapor pressure of 187.6 mm Hg(4) and water solubility of 50 mg/l(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1 and 87 hours, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 81(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. 1-Hexene's linear hydrocarbon structure would suggest that biodegradation is an important process in water(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-hexene, which has a vapor pressure of 183.7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-hexene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone molecules(SRC). The half-life for the reaction with hydroxyl radicals is estimated to be 10 hours(SRC) calculated from its rate constant of 3.75X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). The half-life for the reaction with ozone molecules is estimated to be 23 hours(SRC) calculated from its rate constant of 1.17X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(4).

Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Sore throat. Vomiting. Unconsciousness.

Dry skin.

Redness.

See Inhalation.

1-Hexene was identified, not quantified, in automobile emissions in Canada(1) and 4-stroke lawn mowers(2). The emission rate of 1-hexene from typical automobiles was reported as 13 mg per liter of gasoline(3). The emission rate of 1-hexene from ferries with diesel engines was reported as 0.6 and 0.1 mg/kWh(4). Car exhaust in London, England contained 1-hexene at an avg concn of 189 ppb(5).

The Koc of 1-hexene is estimated as 1,660(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.39(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-hexene is expected to have low mobility in soil.

SOURCE DOMINATED: 1-Hexene was reported at an avg concn of 0.1388 ppb along roadsides and at 0.130 ppb at airports in Atlanta, GA(1). The concn of 1-hexene at an unspecified street in London, England was reported as 2 ppb(2). 1-Hexene was reported in the Caldecott Tunnel, CA at a mean concn of 4.6 mg/l in August of 1994 when low oxygenated fuels (0.3%) were being employed in the San Francisco area(3). 1-Hexene was reported in the Caldecott Tunnel, CA at a mean concn of 5.4 mg/l in October of 1994 when high oxygenated fuels (2%) were being employed in the San Francisco area(3). 1-Hexene was identified, not quantified, in the Tingstad Tunnel, Sweden(4).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: 1-Hexene was reported in urban air in Porto Alegre, Brazil in 1996 at a mean concn of 1.1 mg/cu m(1). 1-Hexene was reported in 1993 at an avg concn of 0.40 ug/cu m (not detected to 1.30 ug/cu m) in Los Angeles, CA(2). 1-Hexene was detected in Tulsa, OK at concns of not detected to 0.7 ppb(3). 1-Hexene was detected at concns of 0.002-0.051 parts per trillion in southwest France(4).

RURAL/REMOTE: 1-Hexene was detected in the atmosphere of the Borden Forest, Canada in 1993 at concns of 0.001-0.008 ppb during daytime hours and 0.002-0.01 ppb during nighttime hours(1).

A low moderate irritant to the skin and eyes.

When inhaled, it produces CNS depression in humans at a concentration of about 0.1%, with accompanying mucous membrane irritation, vertigo, vomiting, and cyanosis.

The epoxidation of 1-hexene (1a) and 2-methyl-1-hexene (1b), two hydrocarbons present in the ambient air as pollutants, is catalyzed by some human and rat P450 enzymes. The enantioselectivities of these processes, when the reactions were carried out using rat and human liver microsomal preparations, were modest and dependent on both P450 composition and substrate concentrations. Various p450 isoforms (rat p450 2B1 and human P450 2C10 and 2A6) catalyzed the double bond oxidation of 1a and 1b with different product enantioselectivities. In the case of 1a, a moderately enantioselective hydroxylation at the allelic C(3) with the formation of 1-hexen-3-ol (4a) by microsomes from control or preinduced rats was also observed. The oxidation of this metabolite was, in turn, catalyzed by rat liver microsomes and mainly by rat p450 2C11, leading exclusively to the formation of 1-hexen-3-one, with no double bond epoxidation being observed. The stereochemical course of the microsomal epoxide hydrolase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the epoxy alcohols, threo-(:)- and erythro-(:)-1,2-epoxyhexan-3-ol, theoretically expected to be formed from 4a, has been investigated.

Used in fuels and as a chemical intermediate; [ACGIH]

IN LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFIN MIXT FOR PRODN OF PRIMARY ALCOHOLS; COMONOMER FOR HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE

Synthesis of flavors, perfumes, dyes, resins, polymer modifier

(1974) 3.4X10+10 G (ALL C6-C20 ALPHA OLEFINS)

(1975) 2.27X10+10 G(EST-LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFINS)

2023: 1,000,000,000 - <2,500,000,000 lb

(1972) 1.6X10+11 G (ALL C6-C20 ALPHA-OLEFINS)

(1975) 1.7X10+11 G(EST-LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFINS)

Other (requires additional information)

1-Hexene: ACTIVE

THE REACTION OF 1-HEXENE WITH OZONE PRODUCED A LARGE QUANTITY OF CONDENSATION NUCLEI (APPROXIMATELY 85,000 PARTICLES/ML).