3,4-Dichloro-1-butene

If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Dichlorobutene/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

WASTEWATER FROM DICHLOROBUTENE MANUFACTURE & ISOMERIZATION & WASTE BRINE FROM 3,4-DICHLOROBUTENE-1 DEHYDROGENATION TO CHLOROPRENE ARE MIXED TO FORM AN AQ SOLN CONTAINING APPROX 1-5% NACL. THE SOLN, AT PH LESS THAN 6, IS EXTRACTED WITH LIQ HYDROCARBON & THE EXTRACT IS INCINERATED. THE TREATED WATER, WHICH IS NOT TOXIC TO FISH, IS DISCHARGED.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Dichlorobutene/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Dichlorobutene/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Aquatic Fate: Allyl chloride analogs are hydrolyzed in water. The most likely products of 3,4 dichloro-1-butene are: 4-chloro-3-hydroxy-1-butene, 4-chloro-1-hydroxy-2-butene, and 3,4-dihydroxy-1-butene.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility of 420 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.6X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 21.9 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 420 mg/l(2). The potential for volatilization of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon its vapor pressure(4). The neutral hydrolysis half-life of a similar compound, 1,4-dichloro-2-butene, has been measured as 3.2 days(5). This suggests that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene may also undergo hydrolysis in moist soils(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility of 420 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.6X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 21.9 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 420 mg/l(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1 hour and 4.5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), a BCF range of 0.59 to 13.3(7), suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. The neutral hydrolysis half-life of a similar compound, 1,4-dichloro-2-butene, has been measured as 3.2 days(6). This suggests that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene may also undergo hydrolysis in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3,4-dichloro-1-butene, which has a vapor pressure of 21.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone molecules(SRC). The half-life for the reaction in air with hydroxyl radicals is estimated to be 19 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constants of 2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(3). The half-life for the reaction in air with ozone is estimated to be 23 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constants of 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(3).

The Koc of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is estimated as 160(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 420 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is expected to have high mobility in soil.

PROTRACTED CONTACT WITH SKIN CAUSES DERMATITIS AND BLISTERING. HIGH CONCN OF VAPOR APPARENTLY HAVE DELAYED TOXIC EFFECT ON EYES, CAUSING ONSET OF IRRITATION AND LACRIMATION SEVERAL HR AFTER THE EXPOSURE, SEEMING SIMILAR TO DIMETHYL SULFATE AND OTHER ALKYLATING AGENTS IN MODE OF ACTION.

3,4-dichloro butene-1 markedly induced sister chromatid exchanges in tests (in vitro) with lymphocytes of blood from workers chronically exposed to chloroprene.

... SOLD WITH THE WARNING THAT BOTH LIQ AND VAPOR ARE HIGHLY DANGEROUS TO SKIN, EYES, LUNGS, AND INTERNAL ORGANS.

In 8-week bioaccumulation studies using the Japanese MITI protocol (where the test fish are carp (Cyprinus carpio)), BCFs ranging from 0.59 to 13.3 have been observed for 3,4-dichloro-1-butene(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Henry's Law constant for 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is estimated as 8.6X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure, 21.9 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 420 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 1 hour(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 4.5 days(SRC). 3,4-Dichloro-1-butene's estimated Henry's Law constant(1,2) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon the vapor pressure of this compound(1).

3,4-Dichloro-1-butene, when tested against S typhimurium strain TA100, caused 495 his+ revertant colonies/mol/h/plate with activation and 345 without activation.

... TEST BY DROP APPLICATION TO RABBIT EYES HAS BEEN REPORTED TO CAUSE ONLY MODERATE INJURY, GRADED 5 ON SCALE OF 10 AFTER 24-HR.

SINGLE INHALATION EXPOSURE TO 14.5-415 MG/CU M OF 3,4-DICHLOROBUTENE CAUSED HYPERVOLEMIA, STASIS, & NECROTIC CHANGES IN RAT TESTES. A 72-HR INHALATION OF 103.2-193.0 MG/CU M CAUSED DYSTROPHY, NECROSIS, & ATROPHY OF SPERMATOGENIC EPITHELIUM & APPEARANCE OF GIANT CELLS WITH NUMEROUS NUCLEI. THE SPECIFIC GONADOTOXICITY OF DICHLOROBUTENE WAS CONFIRMED SINCE INJURY WAS RESTRICTED TO TESTES IN EXPOSURE TO 14.5 & 126.2 MG/CU M.

SINGLE INHALATION EXPOSURE OF RATS TO 2000-12,000 MG/CU M OF 3,4-DICHLOROBUTENE OR ORAL ADMIN OF 500-1000 MG/KG CAUSED HYPERVOLEMIA & STASIS IN BRAIN CORTEX, CEREBELLUM, LUNGS, LIVER, SPLEEN, STOMACH MUCOSA, ADRENAL CORTEX, & KIDNEYS.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 3,4-DICHLORO-1-BUTENE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 19 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). The neutral hydrolysis half-life of a similar compound, 1,4-dichloro-2-butene, has been measured as 3.2 days(3). This suggests that 3,4-dichloro-1-butene may also undergo hydrolysis in the environment(SRC).

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, use, and exposure to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 3,4-Dichlorobutene is included on this list.