Basic information
- CAS
1314-60-9- Standard SMILES
[O]=[Sb](=[O])[O][Sb](=[O])=[O]- InChIKey
LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Molecular formula
- O5Sb2
- Average molar mass
- 323.52 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 321.7822045
Overview
Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5) is a chemical compound of antimony and oxygen. It always occurs in hydrated form, Sb2O5·nH2O. Antimony is a metallic element with the chemical symbol Sb and atomic number 51. Small amounts of antimony are found in the earth's crust. (L790, L741)
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- Antimony pentoxide
- IUPAC
- (dioxo-λ5-stibanyl)oxy-dioxo-λ5-stibane
- English name
- Diantimony pentoxide
- Molecular formula
- O5Sb2
- Molecular weight
- 323.52
Names & synonyms
Show more names
Database identifiers
- CAS
1314-60-9- PubChem CID
- 14813
- DTXSID
DTXSID6050467- EC Number
- 215-237-7
Properties
Computed structural properties
- Topological polar surface area
- 77.5 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 5
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Heavy atoms
- 7
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 123
Experimental & physicochemical properties
Physical Description
CBI; Dry Powder; Liquid; Other Solid
Yellow solid; [Merck Index]
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 380 °C · 380 °C (dec.)(lit.)
- Density
- 3.78 g/mL · 3.78 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- form
- Powder
- Specific Gravity
- 3.8 · 3.8
- color
- Yellow
- Water Solubility
- 3 · Slightly soluble in water. Slowly dissolves in warm HCl and warm KOH. Insoluble in HNO<sub>3</sub>
- Merck
- 14 · 14,698
- crystal system
- Monoclinic
- Space group
- 2 · C2/c
- Lattice constant
- a/nm
- Symbol(GHS)
- 7 · GHS07
- Signal word
- Warning
- Hazard statements
- 315 · H315-H319-H335
- Precautionary statements
- 261 · P261-P264-P271-P280-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338
- target organs
- Respiratory system
- PPE
- 95 · dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
- Hazard Codes
- Xi
- Risk Statements
- 36 · 36/37/38
- Safety Statements
- 26 · 26-36
- RIDADR
- 1549 · 1549
- WGK Germany
- 3 · 3
- RTECS
- 6300000 · CC6300000
- TSCA
- TSCA listed
- HazardClass
- 6.1 · 6.1
- PackingGroup
- III
- Storage Class
- 11 · 11 - Combustible Solids
- Hazard Classifications
- 2 Skin · Eye Irrit. 2Skin Irrit. 2STOT SE 3
- Toxicity
- 50 i.p · LD50 i.p. in rats: 400.0 mg Sb/100 g (Bradley, Fredrick)
- REACH Registrations
- Active
Safety & regulation
GHS classification
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 32.5% (292 of 898) of reports.
Warning
H302 (54.9%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 898 reports by companies from 20 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]
Hazard information
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Antimony oxide (Sb2O5)
Antimony oxide (Sb2O5) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Antimony oxide (Sb2O5) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 20-04-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/16264
Antimony oxide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Hazard Classes and Categories
Acute Tox. 4 (54.9%)
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 3
Safety & protection
Toxicology
Treatment
Following oral exposure to antimony, administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Following inhalation exposure, move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids. In case of eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. Following dermal exposure, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists. (T36)
Health Effects
Dermal exposure to antimony can cause antimony spots (papules and pustules around sweat and sebaceous glands). Antimony poisoning can also lead to pneumoconiosis. Alterations in pulmonary function and other effects including chronic bronchitis, chronic emphysema, inactive tuberculosis, pleural adhesions, and irritation can result from inhalation of antimony. Increased blood pressure can also result from antimony poisoning. Myocardial depression, vasodilation and fluid loss may cause shock with hypotension, electrolyte disturbances and acute renal failure. Cerebral oedema, coma, convulsions, and death are possible. (L741)
Toxicity Summary
The inhalation data suggest that the myocardium is a target of antimony toxicity. It is possible that antimony affects circulating glucose by interfering with enzymes of the glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways. The mechanism of action of antimony remains unclear. However, some studies suggest that antimony combines with sulfhydryl groups including those in several enzymes important for tissue respiration. The antidotal action of BAL depends on its ability to prevent or break the union between antimony and vital enzymes. Moreover, the The cause of death is believed to be essentially the same as that in acute arsenic poisoning. Antimony pentoxide might enhance the rate of heme degradation in liver and kidney. (A240, T18, L741, A238)
Signs and Symptoms
Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea can result from inhalation of antimony. Dyspnea, headache, vomiting,cough, conjunctivitis, and bloody purulent discharge from nose can result from inhalation exposure. Skin or eye contact can cause pain and redness of the exposed surface. (T64, L741)
RAIS Toxicity Values
0.0005
HEAST Current
0.0005
HEAST Current
Hazard Quotient Level 0.1 or Cancer Risk Level 1E-06
3.90e+01
5.80e+02
9.70e+00
6.00e+00
5.00e-04
Volatile
Hazard Quotient Level 3 or Cancer Risk Level 1E-04
1.20e+02
1.80e+03
2.90e+01
6.00e+00
5.00e-04
Volatile
Safety data
- PPE
- dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
- wgk
- 3
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- rtecs
- CC6300000
- ridadr
- 1549
- Toxicity
- LD50 i.p. in rats: 400.0 mg Sb/100 g (Bradley, Fredrick)
- risk_code
- 36/37/38
- Signal word
- Warning
- Symbol(GHS)
- GHS07
- hazard_code
- Xi
- safety_code
- 26-36
- hazard_class
- 6.1
- Storage Class
- 11 - Combustible Solids
- packing_group
- III
- target organs
- Respiratory system
- Hazard statements
- H315-H319-H335
- REACH Registrations
- Active
- Hazard Classifications
- Eye Irrit. 2Skin Irrit. 2STOT SE 3
- Precautionary statements
- P261-P264-P271-P280-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
Metabolism/Metabolites
Antimony is widely distributed throughout the body. The hair and skin contain the highest levels of antimony. The adrenal glands, lung, large intestine, trachea, cerebellum, and kidneys also contain relatively high levels of antimony. Blood is the main vehicle for the transport of absorbed antimony to various tissue compartments of the body. Antimony is a metal and, therefore, does not undergo catabolism. Antimony can covalently interact with sulfhydryl groups and phosphate, as well as numerous reversible binding interactions with endogenous ligands (e.g., proteins). It is not known if these interactions are toxicologically significant. Antimony is excreted via the urine and feces. Some of the fecal antimony may represent unabsorbed antimony that is cleared from the lung via mucociliary action into the esophagus to the gastrointestinal tract. (L741)
Uses & manufacturing
Uses
Used as a flame retardant; [Merck Index] Used for determination of manganese in tissue. [ChemIDplus]
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
General Manufacturing Information
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing
Antimony oxide (Sb2O5): ACTIVE
Applications
UsesIt is used as flame retardants in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer, plastics, rubbers, paper and textiles. It finds use as a flocculant in the production of titanium dioxide. It also finds use in ion-exchange resin. It is also employed as catalyst in certain polymerization and oxidation reactions.
UsesFire retardant in clothing.
UsesAntimony pentoxide (Sb2O3) is used as a flame retardant for textile materials and as a source to prepare other antimony compounds.
Preparation methods
PreparationThe hydrated oxide is prepared by hydrolysis of antimony pentachloride; or by acidification of potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V), KSb(OH)6 [12208- 13-8]. The product, filtered and air dried at ambient temperature has approximate composition Sb2O5 3.5H2O. It may be also prepared by oxidation of antimony trioxide with nitric acid.
Upstream & downstream products
Upstream raw materials
Downstream products
Suppliers101 total
Additional notes
DefinitionA yellow solid. It is usually formed by the action of concentrated nitric acid on antimony or by the hydrolysis of antimony(V) chloride. Although an acidic oxide, it is only slightly soluble in water.
Related reactions
Compound notes
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