Dimethylacetamide

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Do not use halogenated extinguishing media or water.

Use powder, alcohol-resistant foam, water spray, carbon dioxide.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Call for medical aid.

(General first aid procedures)

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - M-Methylacetamide in urine = 30 mg/g creatinine; end of shift at end of workweek;

5.0 [ppm]

MATERIALS WHICH ARE TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMPOSE INTO TOXIC COMPONENTS ... SHOULD BE STORED IN A COOL WELL VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF DIRECT RAYS OF THE SUN, AWAY FROM AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD, AND SHOULD BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED. INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS SHOULD BE ISOLATED ... .

1. Ventilate the area of spill or leak. 2. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in safe place (such as fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. Burn paper in suitable location away from combustible materials.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1. By absorbing it in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and disposing in sealed containers in secured sanitary landfill. 2. By atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed or replaced.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

DAILY INJECTIONS OF PROGESTERONE (5 MG/HAMSTER/DAY, FOR 4 DAYS) BLOCKED ANTIFERTILITY EFFECT OF DMA (ADMIN @ NIDATION) AS DID INJECTIONS OF A LUTEOTROPIC COMPLEX (1 MG/HAMSTER/DAY PROLACTIN PLUS 5.1 IU/HAMSTER/DAY OF PREGNANT MARE SERUM GONADOTROPIN, FOR 4 DAYS.

DIMETHYLACETAMIDE LOWERED THE YIELDS AND/OR INCIDENCES OF TOTAL TUMORS, BENIGN PLAQUES, BENIGN HYPERKERATOTIC LESIONS AND ADVANCED TUMORS PROMOTED BY RETINYL ACETATE OR CROTON OIL AFTER INITIATION BY 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE.

SINGLE EXPT WITH 45 MG/KG RAT OF PYRIMETHAMINE ISETHIONATE IN 6% DIMETHYLACETAMIDE, 6% DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE OR 95% ETHANOL SHOWED THAT TERATOGENIC EFFECT WAS CUMULATIVE IN DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE OR ETHANOL BUT AFTER ADMIN IN DMA RESPONSE-DOSE RELATION FOLLOWED A PARABOLIC CURVE.

PCC4azal embryonal carcinoma tumors were grown in strain 129 mice by sc transplantation. When palpable, the tumors were treated with a combination of retinoic acid and dimethylacetamide. In vitro, this embryonal carcinoma cell line shows minimal spontaneous differentiation and is exquistely sensitive to retinoic acid and/or dimethylacetamide induction of differentiation. Ten daily 20 ul intratumor injections of a solution of 10 mg retinoic acid per ml of dimethylacetamide resulted in nearly complete induction of morphological differentiation mainly into neuropithelial and glandular derivatives. Control tumors showed minor spontaneous differentiation. Differentiation was associated with decreased tumor growth rate, decreased mitotic index, decreased extent of necrosis, and increased survival time of the hosts. In 4 of 18 cases, long-term survival of the hosts was effected by a complete differentiation of the malignant embryonal carcinoma tumors into benign teratomas. Retinoic acid: dimethylacetamide was also effective in inducing differentiation with the same dosage and schedule when admin systemically, ie, ip or sc.

LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 1.50 g/l/96 hr (confidence limit 1.21- 1.86 g/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 23.1 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.6 mg/l, hardness 45.0 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 43.5 mg/l calcium carbonate, and pH 7.7.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 9(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.77(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that N,N-dimethylacetamide is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of N,N-dimethylacetamide from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.31X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4). The potential for volatilization of N,N-dimethylacetamide from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2 mm Hg(5). N,N-Dimethylacetamide is expected to be biodegradable in soil based on aqueous screening tests(6,7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 9(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.77(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that N,N- dimethylacetamide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.31X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). N,N-Dimethylacetamide, present at 100 mg/l reached 28% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(7). N,N-Dimethylacetamide, present at 30 mg/l, reached 80% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 100 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(7). In other studies, N,N-dimethylacetamide, present at 400 mg/l, reached 96% of its theoretical TOC in 5 days using industrial activated sludge(8). These results from laboratory studies suggest that N,N-dimethylacetamide will biodegrade in the aquatic environment(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), N,N-dimethylacetamide, which has a vapor pressure of 2 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase N,N-dimethylacetamide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is 28 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.36X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and through the skin.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Headache. Nausea.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Further see Inhalation.

Abdominal cramps. Diarrhoea. Further see Inhalation.

irritation skin; jaundice, liver damage; depression, drowsiness, hallucinations, delusions

The determination of urinary N-monomethylacetamide in the end of shift urine sample was used to monitor exposure to dimethylacetamide. Five workers were observed followed for 4 consecutive weeks. Airborne dimethylacetamide appeared to account for the greatest amount of urinary N-monomethylacetamide detected and, at the exposure concentrations encountered (0.5 to 2 ppm), a relationship of 10 ppm urinary N-monomethylacetamide inhaled was observed. Interindividual variation was small and no evidence of build-up in N-monomethylacetamide urinary levels was seen in these subjects. Mean airborne dimethylacetamide concentrations were somewhat higher by the end of the week, but magnitude was such that the differences were not statistically significant. It is concluded that changes in dimethylacetamide exposures can be quantitatively reflected by urinary N-monomethylacetamide.

A study of occupational exposure to dimethylactamide was conducted using both biological and environmental monitoring techniques. Personal and area air samples were analyzed for dimethylacetamide at a facililty manufacturing prefabricated synthetic products. Spot urine samples were collected from eight exposed and four unexposed workers for 5 consecutive work days and on the following Monday. These were analyzed for N-methylacetamide, a dimethylacetamide metabolite. Area air dimethylacetamide concentrations were generally constant, ranging from 11.81 to 17.24 ppm with a mean of 14.74 ppm. Personal dimethylacetamide concentrations showed a wide variability. The concentrations were distributed log normally with arithmetic and geometric means of 14.0 and 6.0 ppm, respectively. Urinary N-methylacetamide concentrations were not correlated with personal air dimethylacetamide concentrations. Six of the exposed workers excreted about 18% of the inhaled dimethylacetamide dose, calculated as the 8 hr time weighted average exposure, as N-methylacetamide. The other two exposed workers excreted about 30 percent of the inhaled dose as N-methylacetamide. Urinary N-methylacetamide concentrations the Monday following exposure were negligible or had returned to their preexposure values. Based on these results the half life for urinary excretion of N-methylacetamide was calculated to be 16 hours. The authors conclude that for dimethylacetamide and similar substances that are easily absorbed through the skin, biological monitoring is superior to airborne exposure monitoring for determining total uptake and evaluating potential health risks.

the assessment of dimethylacetamide exposure can be accomplished through measurement of either dimethylacetamide, N-methylacetamide (NMAC), or acetamide. Urinary levels of NMAC have been shown to correlate with airborne exposure levels of dimethylacetamide. However, no information was located which showed a correlation between urinary NMAC levels & the onset of adverse health effects. Urine Reference Ranges: Normal- None detected; Exposed- BEI (sampling time is end of shift at the end of workweek, measured as N-methylacetamide): 30 mg/g creatinine; Toxic- Not established.

The Koc of N,N-dimethylacetamide is estimated as 9(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -0.77(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that N,N-dimethylacetamide is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

CERTAIN N-SUBSTITUTED AMIDES ... DIMETHYL ACETAMIDE, MAY PRODUCE CHRONIC LIVER OR RENAL DAMAGE.

JAUNDICE HAS BEEN OBSERVED ... IN WORKERS EXPOSED REPEATEDLY AT ... 20-25 PPM ... SKIN PENETRATION UNDOUBTEDLY CONTRIBUTED TO THIS EFFECT.

... GIVEN TO HUMANS IN DAILY DOSES OF 400 MG/KG FOR 3 OR MORE DAYS ... DEPRESSION, LETHARGY, CONFUSION & DISORIENTATION ENSUED. IN SOME ... VISUAL & AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS, PERCEPTUAL DISTORTIONS, DELUSIONS, EMOTIONAL DETACHMENT & AFFECTIVE BLUNTING ... .

DIZZINESS, SLEEPINESS, & WEAKNESS RESULTED FROM DMA CONCN OF 109.5-337 MG/CU M IN AIR OF METAL SURFACE FINISHING PROCESSES.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, use, and exposure to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. N,N-Dimethylacetamide is included on this list.

Used as a solvent for many organic reactions, resins, polymers, crystallization, and purification. [ACGIH] Used as a solvent in plastics, resins, and gums; Also used as a catalyst and paint remover; [Hawley] Used in synthetic fiber and resin industries; Used as a solvent in elastane fiber factories; [Reference #1]

Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]

Solvent in industrial applications

Solvent for plastics, resins, gums, and electrolytes; catalyst; paint remover; high-purity solvent for crystallization and purification

N,N-Dimethylacetamide is used to dissolve polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyamides, polyimides, cellulose derivatives, styrenes, and linear polyesters; manufacturing of films and fibers; booster solvent in coatings and adhesives formulations.

Electrolytic solvent; formation of dimethylacetamide complexes; chemical reaction medium and catalyst

2023: 25,000,000 - <40,000,000 lb

(1972) GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS

From tris(dimethylamido)phosphate and acetic anhydride. From acetic anhydride and dimethylformamide.

By reaction of acetic acid and dimethylamine.

Reaction of methyl acetate and dimethylamine; reaction of dimethylamine with the azotrope of methyl acetate and methanol.

Reaction of N,N-dimethylamine and acetic anhydride.

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing

Acetamide, N,N-dimethyl-: ACTIVE

COMPOUNDS THAT HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED AS SOLVENTS OR SUSPENDING AGENTS IN TESTS OF DERMAL TOXICITY ... /INCLUDE/ DIMETHYLACETAMID.

TESTED AS DRUG VEHICLE & AS ANTITUMOR AGENT

SOLVENT FOR STABILIZATION OF PROSTAGLANDINS IN SOLUTION