Lithium Hydroxide
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Basic information
- CAS
1310-65-2- Standard SMILES
[Li+].[OH-]- InChIKey
WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M- Molecular formula
- HLiO
- Average molar mass
- 24 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 24.0187442
Overview
Lithium hydroxide, solution appears as a clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. It is used to make other chemicals.
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- Lithium Hydroxide
- IUPAC
- lithium hydroxide
- English name
- Lithium hydroxide
- Molecular formula
- LiOH
- Molecular weight
- 23.95
Names & synonyms
Lithium hydroxide1310-65-2Lithium hydrateLithium hydroxide anhydrousLithium hydroxide (Li(OH))903YL31JASCHEBI:33979DTXSID70893845215-183-4RefChem:5957DTXCID801323885G51XLP968G
Show more names
ithium hydroxideLithiuM hydroxide,anhydroLithium hydroxide ,99% [anhydrous]"Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous/ 99%"Lithium hydoxideHEXANE, 95+%, PRA GRADElithiumhydroxide(li(oh))lithiumhydroxideanhydrous
lithium;hydroxideLiOHLithiumhydroxidLithium hydroxide, anhydrousMFCD00011095HLiOLithium hydroxide flakeslithiumhydroxide
Database identifiers
- CAS
1310-65-2、64538-53-0- PubChem CID
- 3939
- DTXSID
DTXSID70893845- ChEBI
CHEBI:33979- UNII
- 903YL31JAS
- EC Number
- 215-183-4
- Nikkaji
- J43.856A
Properties
Computed structural propertiesFilling in
- Topological polar surface area
- 1 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 1
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 1
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Heavy atoms
- 2
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 2
Experimental & physicochemical properties
Chemical ClassesOther Classes -> Bases
PolymersPlastics -> N.a.
CosmeticsBuffering; Hair waving or straightening
Density
2.54 g/cm³
1.45 @25 °C
SolubilitySolubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 12.8 (good)
Boiling Point1626 °C @760 [mm Hg]
Decomposition924 °C
Melting Point
450-471 °C
473 °C
Vapor PressureVapor pressure, Pa at 20 °C: (negligible)
Food Contact SubstancesFCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR
Physical Description
Safety & regulation
Safety information is for reference only and does not replace the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS), applicable regulations, or professional assessment.
GHS classification
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 9.7% (95 of 980) of reports.
Danger
H301 (12.6%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 980 reports by companies from 28 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Danger
Hazard information
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH))
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 17-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14855
Lithium hydroxide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Lithium hydroxide: Human health tier II assessment
DOT LabelCorrosive
Fire Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
Chemistry & industry
Uses & manufacturing
Uses
Used in photographic developing solutions, alkaline storage batteries, lithium-based greases, polymerization catalysts, carbon dioxide absorbents, alkyd paints, textile dye solubilizers, and copper electroplating baths; Produced along with lithium oxide when lithium-aluminum alloys are heated by welding or cutting; [AIHA] Used in cosmetics; [ExPub: EC]
Welding [Category: Weld]
U.S. Production2023: 10,000,000 - <25,000,000 lb
Consumer UsesLubricating agent
Industry UsesAbsorbent
Use Classification
Cosmetics -> Buffering; Hair waving or straightening
Plastics -> Polymer Type -> N.a.
General Manufacturing Information
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)): ACTIVE
Applications
UsesLithium hydroxide is used as an electrolyte in certain alkaline storage batteries; and in the production of lithium soaps. Other uses of this compound include its catalytic applications in esterification reactions in the production of alkyd resins; in photographic developer solutions; and as a starting material to prepare other lithium salts.
UsesThe compound is soluble in water. The compound is used in the formulation of lithium soaps used in multipurpose greases; also in the manufacture of various lithium salts; and as an additive to the electrolyte of alkaline storage batteries. LiOH also is an efficient, light-weight absorbent for carbon dioxide.
UsesLithium hydroxide is used as a heat transfer medium, as a storage-battery electrolyte and also used for the production of lithium greases. It is also used in ceramics, in some portland cement formulations, in the absoption of carbondioxide from sealed enviornments such as submarines, spacecrafts and breathing apparatus. It is used in esterification reactions, as stabilizer in photographic developments and as a coolant in pressurized water reactors for corrosion control.
Related reactions
14,381 records
Compound notes
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