Barium titanium trioxide

DescriptionBarium titanate (BaTiO₃) is an inorganic compound that appears as a white powder but turns transparent when crystallized into larger structures. With its characteristic ABO₃ perovskite lattice, this functional ceramic material serves as a critical raw material for the electronic ceramics industry. Owing to its exceptional ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties, along with high insulation resistance, it is extensively employed in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors, optoelectronic devices, and memory components.Attributing to its ferroelectricity, barium titanate is applied as a semiconductor with positive temperature coefficient of resistivity. It is one of the most important electroceramic materials among all the ferroelectric materials. Barium titanate has also dielectric properties, which can be used in the manufacture of ceramic capacitors. Furthermore, barium titanate has piezoelectric property and can be used in electrical devices such as actuators, accelerators, ultrasonic generators, piezoelectric transducers, filters, and sensors.

UsesBarium titanate has many important commercial applications. It has both ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. Also, it has a very high dielectric constant (about 1,000 times that of water). The compound has five crystalline modifications, each of which is stable over a particular temperature range. Ceramic bodies of barium titanate find wide applications in dielectric amplifiers, magnetic amplifiers, and capacitors. These storage devices are used in digital calculators, radio and television sets, ultrasonic apparatus, crystal microphone and telephone, sonar equipment, and many other electronic devices.

UsesIn electronic devices, e.g., as voltage-sensitive dielectric in so-called dielectric amplifiers, in computer elements, magnetic amplifiers, memory devices.

UsesBarium titanate (BaTiO3, BT) is one of the widely used materials in electronic ceramics. Because of its very high permittivity, it could be used in capacitors with outstanding properties by doping. Because barium titanate is used in large quantities as a material in electronic devices, considerable energy savings could be achieved if barium titanate could be sintered at a reduced temperature. It is reported that for LTCC (Low Temperature Cc-fired Ceramics) application, barium titanate is sintering at 1000℃ for 24 hours with the incorporation of silicate glass system. In addition, there is a report saying that a sintered body of relative density around 90% was achieved by 900℃ for 8 hours by adding boron oxide or lead borate to a barium titanate.