Diacetyl peroxide

Other Classes -> Peroxides, Organic

Flammable agents - 2nd degree

1.2 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.18 @ 20 °C

STRONG PUNGENT ODOR; SHOCK-SENSITIVE CRYSTALS MAY FORM BELOW 17 °F; VAPOR DENSITY: 4.07 /25% SOLN/

DENSITY: 1.18 /25% SOLN/

1.18 @25 °C

Colorless crystals

NEEDLES FROM ETHER, LEAVES

Slightly soluble in cold water

Very soluble in ethanol and ethyl ether

113 °F (USCG, 1999)

113 °F (NFPA, 2010)

113 °F OC

17 °F (USCG, 1999)

30 °C

30 °C

Acetyl peroxide solution, [<= 25% peroxide] is a colorless liquid with a sharp odor. Consists of a solution of acetyl peroxide in dimethyl phthalate. Sinks in water.

The pure compound consists of colorless crystals melting at 30 °C. Soluble in alcohol and ether. Often transported as a 25% solution in dimethyl phthalate for use as an initiator and catalyst.

Colorless solid; Available as 25% solution in dimethyl phthalate; [Hawley] mp = 30 deg C; [ChemIDplus]

Chemical: Peroxide, diacetyl

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Organic Peroxide

Organic Peroxide

Behavior in Fire: May explode. Burns with accelerating intensity. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

DANGEROUS, BY SPONTANEOUS CHEMICAL REACTION. A POWERFUL OXIDIZING AGENT; CAN CAUSE IGNITION OF ORGANIC MATERIALS ON CONTACT.

AN OXIDIZING MATERIAL. SENSITIVE TO HEAT & SHOULD NOT BE SUBJECTED TO TEMP ABOVE 90 °F; SELF-ACCELERATING DECOMP TEMP, 120 °F. /25% SOLN/

Contact with liquid causes irritation of eyes and skin. If ingested, irritates mouth and stomach. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

A tumorigen and severe eye irritant; [RTECS] A moderate fire and severe explosion hazard; A strong skin and eye irritant; [Hawley] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; 2 drops of a 30% solutions caused severe corneal damage when tested in rabbits; [HSDB] May cause severe injury or burns to skin and eyes; [CAMEO]

Peroxides, Organic

Peroxides, Organic

Strong Oxidizing Agent

Explosive

Peroxides, such as ACETYL PEROXIDE, are good oxidizing agents. Organic compounds can ignite on contact with concentrated peroxides. Strongly reduced material such as sulfides, nitrides, and hydrides may react explosively with peroxides. There are few chemical classes that do not at least produce heat when mixed with peroxides. Many produce explosions or generate gases (toxic and nontoxic). Generally, dilute solutions of peroxides (<70%) are safe, but the presence of a catalyst (often a transition metal such as cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel, or vanadium) as an impurity may even then cause rapid decomposition, a buildup of heat, and even an explosion. Solutions of peroxides often become explosive when evaporated to dryness or near-dryness.

Pure DIACETYL PEROXIDE, a solid, presents a severe explosion hazard. Unpredictably shock sensitive. Five grains detonated violently while being removed from an ice chest [Chem. Eng. News 26:3197(1948)]. May explode violently in contact with ether or any volatile solvent. A 5-gram portion in ether detonated while being carried [Chem. Eng. News 27:175(1949)]. The 25% solution in dimethyl phthalate is less dangerous, but still a strong oxidizing agent that presents a moderate fire risk [Hawley].

Acetyl peroxide, solid, or with more than 25 percent in solution

Forbidden explosives/materials (49 eCFR § 173.54/§ 173.21)

Diacetyl peroxide, solid, or with more than 25 percent in solution

Forbidden explosives/materials (49 eCFR § 173.54/§ 173.21)

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water, dry chemical, carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

EYES: wash with plenty of water and get medical attention.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

FIGHT...WITH WATER FROM EXPLOSION-RESISTANT LOCATION. IN ADVANCED OR MASSIVE FIRES...AREA SHOULD BE EVACUATED. IF FIRE OCCURS IN VICINITY OF THIS MATERIAL WATER SHOULD BE USED TO KEEP CONTAINERS COOL. CLEAN-UP & SALVAGE OPERATIONS SHOULD NOT BE ATTEMPTED UNTIL ALL...COOLED COMPLETELY. /25% SOLN/

FIREFIGHTING METHOD: WATER, DRY CHEM, CARBON DIOXIDE. /25% SOLN/

In case of fire, water should be applied by the sprinkler system or by hose from a safe distance, preferably with a fog nozzle. Foam may be necessary instead if the peroxide is diluted in a low density flammable solvent. Portable extinguishers should not be used except for very small fires. Peroxides threatened by fire should be wetted from a safe distance for cooling. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

PROTECT AGAINST PHYSICAL DAMAGE. STORE ONLY IN DETACHED, ISOLATED NONCOMBUSTIBLE BUILDING ERECTED FOR THIS PURPOSE & USED EXCLUSIVELY FOR THIS MATERIAL. DO NOT STORE SOLID OR PASTE PEROXIDES IN SAME BUILDING... NO ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION, OPEN FLAMES OR OTHER SOURCES OF IGNITION PERMITTED IN STORAGE BUILDING. /25% SOLN/

STORAGE BUILDING TEMP MUST BE MAINTAINED IN RANGE OF 32 °F TO 90 °F. STORE ONLY IN ORIGINAL CONTAINERS WITH SPECIAL VENTING CAPS. DO NOT OPEN CONTAINERS IN STORAGE BUILDING. PROVIDE SUPPLY OF NONCOMBUSTIBLE ABSORBENT MATERIAL SUCH AS VERMICULITE OR PERLITE TO SOAK UP ANY ACCIDENTAL SPILLAGE & REMOVE... /25% SOLN/

IN EVENT OF SPILLAGE...SPILLED MATERIAL SHOULD BE ABSORBED...WITH NONCOMBUSTIBLE ABSORBENT, SUCH AS VERMICULITE. SWEEP UP & PLACE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER FOR IMMEDIATE DISPOSAL. DO NOT USE SPARK-GENERATING METALS OR CELLULOSIC MATERIALS (PAPER, WOOD, ETC) FOR SWEEPING UP OR HANDLING SPILLED MATERIAL. /25% SOLN/

Spills should be cleaned up promptly using non-sparking tools and an inert, moist diluent such as vermiculite or sand. Sweepings may be placed in open containers or polyethylene bags and the area washed with water and detergent. Spilled, contaminated, waste or questionable peroxides should be destroyed. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Most peroxides can be hydrolyzed by adding them slowly with stirring to about ten times their weight of cold 10% sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction may require several hours. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Dilute and drain into the sewer with abundant water. /Hydrogen peroxide/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

1.2 [mg/m3]

13 [mg/m3]

79 [mg/m3]

Protective goggles; rubber apron and gloves. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 148 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive / Temperature Controlled)]:

A FACE SHIELD & RUBBER GLOVES SHOULD BE WORN WHEN HANDLING THE SUBSTANCE, & A SAFETY SHIELD OR HOOD DOOR SHOULD BE IN FRONT OF APPARATUS CONTAINING IT.

Persons handling peroxides should use safety glasses with side shields, goggles or face shield for eye protection. Emergency eyewash facilities should be provided. Gloves, aprons and other protective clothing as necessary should be used to prevent skin contact. Clothing and equipment that generate static electricity should be avoided. Smoking should be prohibited. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

ACETYL PEROXIDE IS IRRITATING TO EYES, SKIN, & MUCOUS MEMRANES VIA THE ORAL & INHALATION ROUTES.

The main toxic effect of most peroxides is irritation of skin, mucous membranes and eyes. Prolonged or intense skin contact or splashes in the eyes may cause severe injury. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Testing on rabbits eyes by application of 2 drops of 30% soln in dimethyl phthalate caused very severe corneal damage.

In most severe injuries induced in rabbits eyes there has been great chemosis and formation of gas bubbles in the conjuctiva, cornea, and anterior chamber. Conjuctiva has become necrotic and cornea opaque. /Org peroxides/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool .... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic peroxides/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic peroxides/

Peroxides should be washed promptly from the skin to prevent irritation. In the case of eye contact, the eyes should be flushed immediately with large amounts of water, and medical attention should be obtained. ... Medical attention should also be obtained in case of accidental ingestion. ... /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Used as initiator and catalyst for resins; [Hawley]

Initiator and catalyst for resins

CATALYST EMPLOYED TO PROMOTE POLYMERIZATION IN MFR OF CERTAIN PLASTICS

25% soln in dimethyl phthalate...

...MAY BE READILY PREPD & USED IN ETHEREAL SOLN. ...PREVENT SEPARATION OF THE CRYSTALLINE PEROXIDE EVEN IN TRACE, SINCE, WHEN DRY, IT IS SHOCK-SENSITIVE & HIGH EXPLOSION RISK. ... COMMERCIAL MATERIAL, SUPPLIED AS 30% SOLN IN DIMETHYL PHTHALATE, IS FREE OF TENDENCY TO CRYSTALLIZE & IS RELATIVELY SAFE.

Peroxide, diacetyl: ACTIVE

EMPTY PEROXIDE CONTAINERS SHOULD BE WASHED WITH 10% SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLN. /25% SOLN/