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Hydroxyamine hydrochloride → (5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methanamine

HRID 58550
Notes
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Reaction equation

HRID 58550 reaction equation
[Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]2[C:8](=[CH:9][CH:10]=1)[NH:7][CH:6]=[C:5]2[CH:11]=O.Cl.[NH2:14]O.C([O-])(=O)C.[Na+]>C(O)C.[Zn]>[Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]2[C:8](=[CH:9][CH:10]=1)[NH:7][CH:6]=[C:5]2[CH2:11][NH2:14]
ParticipantsProcedureWorkupSources & evidenceReaction notes

Participants

6

Reactant 3

HCID 443297Hydroxyamine hydrochlorideHCID 517045Sodium AcetateHCID 27953745-chloro-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde

Product 1

HCID 21281458(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methanamine

Reagents, catalysts & solvents 2

HCID 23994ZincCatalystHCID 702Ethanol
Solvent

Procedure

A solution of 5-chloro-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (0.690 g; 3.76 mmol), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.366 g; 5.27 mmol) and sodium acetate (0.463 g; 5.65 mmol) in ethanol (10 mL) was stirred at reflux for 3.5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and brine and extracted with ethyl acetate. The solvent was evaporated and the resulting residue (crude oxime) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (30 mL). Zinc dust (1.48 g; 22.59 mmol) was added to the solution, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The suspension was filtered through Celite, the cake was washed with ethyl acetate, and the organic solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. An aqueous solution of sodium carbonate was added to the residue and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to afford the (5-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methanamine as a brown solid, which was used without further purification in the next step.

Workup

  1. temperatureat reflux for 3.5 h
  2. concentrationThe reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure
  3. customthe residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and brine
  4. extractionextracted with ethyl acetate
  5. customThe solvent was evaporated
  6. dissolutionthe resulting residue (crude oxime) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (30 mL)
  7. filtrationThe suspension was filtered through Celite
  8. washthe cake was washed with ethyl acetate
  9. concentrationthe organic solution was concentrated under reduced pressure
  10. additionAn aqueous solution of sodium carbonate was added to the residue
  11. extractionthe resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate
  12. dry with materialThe organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate
  13. filtrationfiltered
  14. concentrationconcentrated

Sources & evidence

ORD record
ord-101cf28be69643698713358d516253f7
Source dataset
uspto-grants-2016_09
DOI
10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent number
US09434722B2

Reaction notes

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On this pageParticipantsProcedureWorkupSources & evidenceReaction notes