リチウムヒドロキシド
Lithium Hydroxide
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基本情報
- CAS
1310-65-2- 標準SMILES
[Li+].[OH-]- InChIKey
WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M- 分子式
- HLiO
- 平均分子量
- 24 g/mol
- 単同位体質量
- 24.0187442
概要
Lithium hydroxide, solution appears as a clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. It is used to make other chemicals.
名称と識別子
- 優先名称
- Lithium Hydroxide
- IUPAC
- lithium hydroxide
- 現地名
- リチウムヒドロキシド
- 英語名
- Lithium hydroxide
- 分子式
- LiOH
- 分子量
- 23.95
名称と別名
Lithium hydroxide1310-65-2Lithium hydrateLithium hydroxide anhydrousLithium hydroxide (Li(OH))903YL31JASCHEBI:33979DTXSID70893845215-183-4RefChem:5957DTXCID801323885G51XLP968G
名称をさらに表示
リチウムヒドロキシド水酸化リチウム水酸化リチウム一水和物水酸化リチウム (無水) [一般有機合成用]水酸化リチウム (無水)水酸化リチウム POWDER,REAGENT GRADE,≥98%水酸化リチウム REAGENT GRADE,98%水酸化リチウム(無水)4MOL/L水酸化リチウム溶液水酸化リチウム, 無水, 98%水酸化リチウム, 無水, 99.995% (metals basis)水酸化リチウム, 無水, 95%リチウムオールithium hydroxideLithiuM hydroxide,anhydroLithium hydroxide ,99% [anhydrous]"Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous/ 99%"Lithium hydoxideHEXANE, 95+%, PRA GRADElithiumhydroxide(li(oh))lithiumhydroxideanhydrous
lithium;hydroxideLiOHLithiumhydroxidLithium hydroxide, anhydrousMFCD00011095HLiOLithium hydroxide flakeslithiumhydroxide
データベース識別子
- CAS
1310-65-2、64538-53-0- PubChem CID
- 3939
- DTXSID
DTXSID70893845- ChEBI
CHEBI:33979- UNII
- 903YL31JAS
- EC Number
- 215-183-4
- Nikkaji
- J43.856A
物性
構造計算による物性補完中
- 極性表面積
- 1 Ų
- 水素結合供与体数
- 1
- 水素結合受容体数
- 1
- 回転可能結合数
- 0
- 重原子数
- 2
- 形式電荷
- 0
- 複雑度
- 2
実験および物理化学的性質
Chemical ClassesOther Classes -> Bases
PolymersPlastics -> N.a.
CosmeticsBuffering; Hair waving or straightening
Density
2.54 g/cm³
1.45 @25 °C
SolubilitySolubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 12.8 (good)
Boiling Point1626 °C @760 [mm Hg]
Decomposition924 °C
Melting Point
450-471 °C
473 °C
Vapor PressureVapor pressure, Pa at 20 °C: (negligible)
Food Contact SubstancesFCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR
Physical Description
Lithium hydroxide, solution appears as a clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. It is used to make other chemicals.
Large Crystals; Liquid; Wet Solid; Dry Powder; Liquid
White crystals or granular powder; [AIHA] Readily absorbs carbon dioxide and water from air; [Merck Index] White odorless granules; Hygroscopic; [Alfa Aesar MSDS]
COLOURLESS-TO-WHITE HYGROSCOPIC CRYSTALS.
物理化学的性質
- 融点
- 470 °C · 470 °C (dec.) (lit.)
- 沸点
- 925 °C · 925°C
- 比重(密度)
- 1.43 · 1.43
- 貯蔵温度
- 30 °C · Store below +30°C.
- 溶解性
- 20 ℃で可溶71g/L · 水：20℃で可溶71g/L
- 酸解離定数(Pka)
- 14 · 14[at 20 ℃]
- 外見
- 個体
- 比重
- 2.54 · 2.54
- 色
- 白色～淡黄色
- 臭い (Odor)
- 無臭
- PH
- 12 · 12 (50g/l, H2O, 50℃)
- 水溶解度
- 113 g/L · 113g/L(20℃)
- 比熱容量
- 2.07 J/ · Cp(crystal): 2.07 J/(g·K); Cp(gas): 1.92 J/(g·K), at 25℃
- Merck
- 14 · 14,5534
- 安定性
- 安定。水分と相容れない。強酸、二酸化炭素。
- 化粧品成分の機能
- ヘアウェーブとヘアストレートバッファリング
- InChI
- 1S/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
- InChIKey
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- SMILES
- [Li+].[OH-]
- CAS データベース
- 1310 · 1310-65-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NISTの化学物質情報
- Lithium hydroxide(1310-65-2)
- EPAの化学物質情報
- Lithium hydroxide (1310-65-2)
化学的性質
化学的特性lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is a white solid made industrially as the monohydrate (LiOH.H2O) by reacting lime with a lithium ore or with a salt made from the ore. Lithium hydroxide has a closer resemblance to the group 2 hydroxides than to the group 1 hydroxides.
安全と法規制
安全情報は参考情報です。供給元の安全データシート（SDS）、適用法令、専門家による評価に代わるものではありません。
GHS分類
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 9.7% (95 of 980) of reports.
Danger
H301 (12.6%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 980 reports by companies from 28 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Danger
危険有害性情報
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH))
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 17-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14855
Lithium hydroxide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Lithium hydroxide: Human health tier II assessment
DOT LabelCorrosive
Fire Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
Not combustible.
Health Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.
· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.
Hazards SummaryCorrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] High inhalation exposure can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC] Causes abnormal liver function test results in animal experiments; [RTECS] See Lithium oxide.
DOT ID and Guide
2680 154
2679 154
Reactive GroupBases, Strong
UN ClassificationUN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: II
Reactivity AlertsKnown Catalytic Activity
Reactivity Profile
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLUTION neutralizes acids exothermically to form salts plus water. Reacts with certain metals (such as aluminum and zinc) to form oxides or hydroxides of the metal and generate gaseous hydrogen. May initiate polymerization reactions in polymerizable organic compounds, especially epoxides. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases with ammonium salts, nitrides, halogenated organics, various metals, peroxides, and hydroperoxides. May serve as a catalyst. Reacts when heated above about 84 °C with aqueous solutions of reducing sugars other than sucrose, to evolve toxic levels of carbon monoxide [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995].
Chemical Dangers
Decomposes on heating above 924 °C . This produces toxic fumes. The solution in water is a strong base. It reacts violently with acid and is corrosive to aluminium, tin and zinc. This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC 0001). Reacts with strong oxidants.
安全と保護具
Fire Fighting
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.
First Aid Measures
Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Accidental Release Measures
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
First Aid
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
General First Aid:
General First Aid:
Safe StorageSeparated from food and feedstuffs, strong oxidants and strong acids. Store only in original container. Dry. Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
Exposure Control and Personal Protection
· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Nonfire Spill ResponseExcerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
Spillage Disposal
Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered plastic containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
Immediate precautionary measure
Immediate precautionary measure
Eye PreventionWear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Inhalation RiskEvaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.
Skin PreventionProtective gloves. Protective clothing.
毒性情報
Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Exposure RoutesThe substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion. Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.
Signs and Symptoms
Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing.
Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns. Blisters.
Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Severe deep burns.
Abdominal pain. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Nausea. Vomiting. Shock or collapse.
ICSC Environmental DataThis substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to aquatic organisms.
Toxicity DataLC50 (rat) = 960 mg/m3/4hr
安全データ
- wgk
- 1
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- rtecs
- OJ6307070
- ridadr
- UN 2680 8/PG II (LITHIUM HYDROXIDE)
- 毒性
- LD50 orally in Rabbit: 210 mg/kg
- hs_code
- 28252010
- risk_code
- 52/53-35-20/22-22-34-23
- 化審法
- (1)-712
- hazard_code
- C
- safety_code
- 45-36/37/39-26-22
- hazard_class
- 8
- packing_group
- II
- 毒劇物取締法
- 劇物
- Hazard Classifications
- Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1Skin Corr. 1B
- ストレージクラス
- 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
化学と産業
用途と製造
Uses
Used in photographic developing solutions, alkaline storage batteries, lithium-based greases, polymerization catalysts, carbon dioxide absorbents, alkyd paints, textile dye solubilizers, and copper electroplating baths; Produced along with lithium oxide when lithium-aluminum alloys are heated by welding or cutting; [AIHA] Used in cosmetics; [ExPub: EC]
Welding [Category: Weld]
U.S. Production2023: 10,000,000 - <25,000,000 lb
Consumer UsesLubricating agent
Industry UsesAbsorbent
Use Classification
Cosmetics -> Buffering; Hair waving or straightening
Plastics -> Polymer Type -> N.a.
General Manufacturing Information
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)): ACTIVE
応用分野
解説水酸化リチウム，真空中で五酸化二リンを用いて脱水して無水物が得られる．無水物は白色の固体．密度1.46 g cm－3．融点450 ℃．924 ℃ で分解してLi2Oとなる．二酸化炭素を吸収する．吸湿性で水に可溶，エタノールに微溶．水溶液は強塩基性を示す．一水和物は無色の単斜晶系結晶．密度1.51 g cm－3．水に可溶，エーテルに不溶．リチウム化合物の製造，写真現像液，電池，二酸化炭素吸収剤，グリース，陶磁器などに用いられる森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途現像液、アルカリ蓄電池、アルキド樹脂製造触媒、グリースの製造など
用途リチウム石鹸及びリチウムグリスの原料、塗料添加剤
使用Lithium hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide that is used in storage batteries and soaps and as CO2 absorber in spacecrafts.
一般的な説明Lithium hydroxide, solution appears as a clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. It is used to make other chemicals.
使用用途水酸化リチウムは、空気中のを吸収する性質を持ちます。その性質を利用して、二酸化炭素の吸収剤として用いられています。具体的には、空気の循環が十分でないスペースシャトル内で二酸化炭素中毒を防ぐ目的で水酸化リチウム缶が使用されています。 また、水酸化リチウムはリチウムイオン電池の原料であるほぼすべての正極活物質、電解液、一部の負極活物質の原料です。正極活物質の原料としては、炭酸リチウムが主に用いられていましたが、高容量化が可能なニッケル比率の高い活物質の生産には、水酸化リチウムが必須となります。 再生可能エネルギーの蓄電、電気自動車用途での需要の伸びに従い、近年特に需要が伸びています。その他、写真現像液、潤滑用グリースであるステアリン酸リチウムの原料なども用途の1つです。ステアリン酸リチウムのグリースは、低温から高温まで使用可能温度範囲が広く、万能なグリースとして幅広い用途があります。
調製方法
製造方法水酸化リチウムは、炭酸リチウムに消石灰を添加して炭酸カルシウムと分離する方法 (2-1) か、硫酸リチウムまたは塩化リチウムの電解により製造する方法 (2-2) が、工業的に用いられています。いずれの方法でもリチウム原料としては、リチウム鉱石または、塩化リチウムを含むかん水を使用しています。 ここでは、リチウム鉱石から水酸化リチウムができるまでの工程を、以下に示します。
純化方法It crystallises from hot water (3mL/g) as the monohydrate. It is dehydrated at 150o in a stream of CO2-free air. It sublimes at 220o with partial decomposition [Cohen Inorg Synth V 3 1957, Bravo Inorg Synth VII 1 1963].
上流・下流製品情報
上流原料
下流製品
補足説明
定義A white crystalline solid, LiOH, is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in ether. It is known as the monohydrate (monoclinic; r.d. 1.51) and in the anhydrous form (tetragonal, r.d. 1.46; m.p. 450°C; decomposes at 924°C). The compound is made by reacting lime with lithium salts or lithium ores. Lithium hydroxide is basic but has a closer resemblance to group 2 hydroxides than to the other group 1 hydroxides (an example of the first member of a periodic group having atypical properties).
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