よう化ナトリウム
Sodium Iodide
基本情報
- CAS
7681-82-5- 標準SMILES
[I-].[Na+]- InChIKey
FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M- 分子式
- INa
- 平均分子量
- 149.8942 g/mol
- 単同位体質量
- 149.89424
概要
Sodium iodide is a metal iodide salt with a Na(+) counterion. It is an iodide salt and an inorganic sodium salt.
名称と識別子
- 優先名称
- Sodium Iodide
- IUPAC
- sodium iodide
- 現地名
- よう化ナトリウム
- 英語名
- Sodium iodide
- 分子式
- NaI
- 分子量
- 149.89
名称と別名
sodium iodide7681-82-5Sodium monoiodideIodurilSoiodinIodure de sodiumNatrii iodidumJodid sodnySodium iodide (NaI)NatriumjodidDTXSID2041125Iodide (as sodium iodide)
名称をさらに表示
よう化ナトリウムよう化ナトリウム(無水)ヨウ化ナトリウム ACS REAGENT,≥99.5%ヨウ化ナトリウム ANHYDROUS,FREE-FLOWING,REDI-DRITM,ACS REAGENT,≥99.5%ヨウ化ナトリウム PURISS. P.A.,≥99.0% (AT)ヨウ化ナトリウム PURISS.,MEETS ANALYTICAL SPECIFICATION OF PH. EUR.,BP,USP,99-100.5% (CALC. TO THE DRIED SUBSTANCE)ヨウ化ナトリウム PURUM P.A.,≥99.0% (AT)ヨウ化ナトリウム REAGENTPLUS,≥99%よう化ナトリウム, 99.9%よう化ナトリウム, 無水, 99% (H2O < 1%)ヨウ化ナトリウム (JP17)Sodium iodineHydriodic acid sodium saltAnayodinioduredesodiumSodium iodide hydrateanhydrous sodium iodide
NSC-77388Fdy-5301F5WR8N145CDTXCID0021125CHEBI:33167Sodium Iodide 20%RefChem:6238231-679-3
データベース識別子
- CAS
7681-82-5- PubChem CID
- 5238
- DTXSID
DTXSID2041125- ChEMBL
CHEMBL1644695- ChEBI
CHEBI:33167- UNII
- F5WR8N145C
- EC Number
- 231-679-3
- Nikkaji
- J44.031K
物性
構造計算による物性
- 極性表面積
- 0 Ų
- 水素結合供与体数
- 0
- 水素結合受容体数
- 1
- 回転可能結合数
- 0
- 重原子数
- 2
- 形式電荷
- 0
- 複雑度
- 2
実験および物理化学的性質
Chemical ClassesOther Classes -> Halogens, Inorganic Compounds
CosmeticsAntimicrobial
pH8-9.5
OdorODORLESS
TasteSALINE, SOMEWHAT BITTER TASTE
Density
3.67
3.67 g/cm³
3.667 @25 °C
Color/Form
COLORLESS, CUBIC CRYSTALS
WHITE CRYSTALS OR GRANULES
WHITE POWDER
Solubility
Soluble
SOLUBILITY (G/100 CC SOLVENT): 184 G IN WATER @ 25 °C; 302 G IN WATER @ 100 °C; 42.57 G IN ALCOHOL @ 25 °C; 39.9 G IN ACETONE @ 25 °C
1 G SOL IN 1 ML GLYCEROL
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 184
Boiling Point
Decomposes
1304 °C
1304 °C
1304 °C @760 [mm Hg]
Melting Point
651 °C
660 °C
660 °C
Vapor Pressure
1 MM HG @ 767 °C
1 [mm Hg] @767 °C
Food Contact SubstancesFCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR
物理化学的性質
- 融点
- 661 °C · 661 °C (lit.)
- 沸点
- 1300 °C · 1300 °C
- 比重(密度)
- 3.66 · 3.66
- 蒸気密度
- 1 · >1 (vs air)
- 蒸気圧
- 1 hPa · 1 hPa (767 °C)
- 屈折率
- 1.7745 · 1.7745
- 闪点
- 1300 · 1300-1304°C
- 貯蔵温度
- 5 °C · Store at +5°C to +30°C.
- 溶解性
- 水: 溶ける(lit.)
- 酸解離定数(Pka)
- 0.067 · 0.067[at 20 ℃]
- 外見
- ビーズ
- 比重
- 3.67 · 3.67
- 色
- 白い
- PH
- 6 · 6-9 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
- 水溶解度
- 184 g/100mL · 184g/100mL(25℃)
- 比熱容量
- 0.35 J/ · Cp(crystal): 0.35 J/(g·K), at 25℃
- Merck
- 14 · 14,8631
- Dielectric constant
- 7.28 · 7.2800000000000002
- 安定性
- 吸湿性
- 化粧品成分の機能
- 抗菌剤
- InChI
- 1S/HI.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
- InChIKey
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- SMILES
- [Na+].[I-]
- LogP
- -1.301 at · -1.301 at 25℃
- CAS データベース
- 7681 · 7681-82-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NISTの化学物質情報
- Sodium iodide(7681-82-5)
- EPAの化学物質情報
- Sodium iodide (7681-82-5)
化学的性質
化学的特性ナトリウムヨウ化物化学式NaIはナトリウムとヨウ素が結合した無機化合物ですこの白い固体は主に有機化学や医薬品の分野で広く使用されていますナトリウムヨウ化物は水に非常に溶けやすくその他の極性溶剤にも溶解する特性があります
化学性质融点651℃，沸点1300℃，潮解性
安全と法規制
安全情報は参考情報です。供給元の安全データシート（SDS）、適用法令、専門家による評価に代わるものではありません。
GHS分類
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 7.9% (39 of 495) of reports.
Danger
H315 (70.9%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]
P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 495 reports by companies from 36 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
危険有害性情報
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Sodium iodide (NaI)
Sodium iodide (NaI) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Sodium iodide (NaI) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
REACH registered substance: Sodium iodide (EC: 231-679-3)
Sodium iodide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Sodium iodide (NaI): Human health tier I assessment
Fire HazardsNot combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.
Fire PotentialPERCHLORIC ACID IGNITES IN CONTACT WITH SODIUM IODIDE.
Hazards Summary
A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; If ingested: the substance may have effects on the thyroid and may cause systemic sensitization. Symptoms of systemic sensitization may include airway obstruction and various skin reactions or even anaphylactic shock. Exposure during pregnancy may affect the thyroid function of the newborn. [ICSC] An irritant; [MSDSonline] See Iodine for the TLV of Iodides.
Chemical DangersReacts violently with strong oxidants. This produces iodine fumes.
Hazard Classes and CategoriesSkin Irrit. 2 (70.9%)
State Drinking Water Guidelines(ME) MAINE 340 ug/l /Iodide ion/
安全と保護具
Fire FightingIn case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.
First Aid Measures
Fresh air, rest.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
Safe StorageSeparated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Dry. Well closed.
Storage ConditionsKEEP WELL CLOSED & PROTECTED FROM LIGHT.
Spillage DisposalPersonal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers.
Eye PreventionWear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.
Inhalation RiskA harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly , especially if powdered.
Skin PreventionProtective gloves.
Exposure PreventionPREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! AVOID EXPOSURE OF (PREGNANT) WOMEN!
Ingestion PreventionDo not eat, drink, or smoke during work.
Inhalation PreventionUse ventilation (not if powder), local exhaust or breathing protection.
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)
0.01 [ppm], inhalable fraction and vapor (iodides)
0.01 ppm as TWA; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen).
毒性情報
Interactions...LITHIUM CARBONATE THEORETICALLY COULD INTERACT WITH...SODIUM IODIDE.
Exposure RoutesThe substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion.
Signs and Symptoms
Cough. Sore throat. Headache.
Redness.
Redness.
Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting.
Human Toxicity Excerpts
THE OCCASIONAL USE OF IODIDES FOR ASTHMA IN PREGNANCY HAS RESULTED IN FETAL DEATH, SEVERE GOITER & CRETINOID APPEARANCE OF THE NEWBORN. /IODIDE SALTS/
..."IODISM" RESULTS FROM CHRONIC IODIDE OVERDOSES... IODISM IS CHARACTERIZED BY SALIVATION, CORYZA, SNEEZING, CONJUNCTIVITIS, HEADACHE, FEVER, LARYNGITIS, BRONCHITIS, STOMATITIS, PAROTITIS...&...EDEMA OF GLOTTIS...HAS OCCURRED. /IODIDE SALTS/
TEN GRAMS OF SODIUM IODIDE HAVE BEEN GIVEN SLOWLY BY IV ROUTE WITHOUT ILL EFFECTS.
OCCASIONAL INDIVIDUALS SHOW...SENSITIVITY TO IODIDE OR TO ORG PREPN THAT CONTAIN IODINE WHEN...ADMIN IV. ONSET OF AN ACUTE REACTION MAY OCCUR IMMEDIATELY OR SEVERAL HR AFTER ADMIN. ANGIOEDEMA IS OUTSTANDING SYMPTOM, & SWELLING OF LARYNX MAY LEAD TO SUFFOCATION. MULTIPLE CUTANEOUS HEMORRHAGES MAY BE PRESENT. /IODIDE PREPN/
For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SODIUM IODIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
法規制情報
State Drinking Water Guidelines(ME) MAINE 340 ug/l /Iodide ion/
安全データ
- F
- 8
- wgk
- 1
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- rtecs
- WB6475000
- ridadr
- UN 3077 9 / PGIII
- 毒性
- MLD i.v. in rats: 1.3 g/kg, Loeser, Konwiser, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 15, 35 (1929)
- hs_code
- 2827600000
- risk_code
- 36/38-36/37/38-50
- 化審法
- (1)-442 届出不要化学物質
- 安衛法
- 57,57-2
- hazard_code
- Xi,N
- safety_code
- 26-61
- hazard_class
- 9
- Hazard Classifications
- Eye Irrit. 2
- ストレージクラス
- 13 - Non Combustible Solids
- 有毒物質データの
- 7681-82-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
化学と産業
薬理情報
PharmacodynamicsWhen intravenously administered for total parental nutrition, sodium iodide prevents the depletion of endogenous stores of iodine and subsequent deficiency symptoms.
Mechanism of Action
RESPONSE TO IODIDE IN HYPERTHYROIDISM: /IN THYROID GLAND/...VASCULARITY IS REDUCED, GLAND BECOMES MUCH FIRMER & EVEN HARD TO THE TOUCH, CELLS BECOME SMALLER, COLLOID REACCUMULATES IN FOLLICLES, & QUANTITY OF BOUND IODINE INCREASES. /IODIDES/
HIGH CONCN OF IODIDE APPEAR TO INFLUENCE ALL IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF IODINE METABOLISM BY THE THYROID GLAND. CAPACITY OF IODIDE TO LIMIT ITS OWN TRANSPORT... ACUTE INHIBITION OF SYNTHESIS OF IODOTYROSINE & IODOTHYRONINE BY IODIDE IS ALSO WELL KNOWN (THE WOLFF-CHAIKOFF EFFECT)... /IODIDES/
THIS INHIBITION /WOLFF-CHAIKOFF EFFECT/ IS OBSERVED ONLY ABOVE CRITICAL CONCN OF IODIDE, & THE INTRACELLULAR...CONCN OF ANION APPEARS TO BE MAJOR DETERMINANT. WITH TIME THERE IS "ESCAPE" FOR THIS INHIBITION...ASSOCIATED WITH AN ADAPTIVE DECR IN IODIDE TRANSPORT & LOWERED INTRACELLULAR IODIDE CONCN. /IODIDES/
THE MOST IMPORTANT CLINICAL EFFECT OF HIGH IODIDE CONCN IS AN INHIBITION OF THE RELEASE OF THYROID HORMONE. THIS ACTION IS RAPID & EFFICACIOUS IN SEVERE THYROTOXICOSIS. THE EFFECT IS EXERTED DIRECTLY ON THE THYROID GLAND, & IT CAN BE DEMONSTRATED IN EUTHYROID SUBJECT & EXPTL ANIMALS AS WELL AS IN HYPERTHYROID PT. /IODIDES/
IODIDE ANTAGONIZES THE ABILITY OF BOTH THYROTROPIN & CYCLIC AMP TO STIMULATE ENDOCYTOSIS OF COLLOID, PROTEOLYSIS, & HORMONE SECRETION. /REPORTEDLY/... IODIDE ATTENUATES THE EFFECT OF TSH ON CYCLIC AMP IN VIVO & IN ISOLATED TISSUES. /IODIDES/
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Iodide salts are readily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
Iodides are expected to be renal excreted.
Iodides are distributed widely throughout extracellular fluid of thyroid gland.
用途と製造
Uses
Used in small amounts for wet extraction of silver; Also used in iodized salt and for various applications in human and veterinary medicine; [HSDB] Used in photography, cloud seeding, and as a solvent for iodine; [Hawley]
Photographic Processing [Category: Other]
MEDICATION (VET)
MEDICATION
PHOTOGRAPHY; SOLVENT FOR IODINE; ORG CHEMICALS; REAGENT; ARTIFICIAL RAINMAKING; SCINTILLATION (THALLIUM-ACTIVATED FORM)
Small amount used in wet extraction of silver; iodized salt
U.S. Exports(1986) No Data
U.S. Imports(1986) No Data
U.S. Production
2023: 400,000 - <550,000 lb
(1981) 2.96X10+7 g
Consumer UsesCleaning agent
Industry UsesOther
Methods of Manufacturing
...FROM IODINE & SODIUM HYDROXIDE, OR BY METATHESIS BETWEEN FERROSOFERRIC IODIDE & SODIUM CARBONATE.
Reaction of sodium carbonate with an acidic iodide solution
Formulations/Preparations
USP SODIUM IODIDE IS AT LEAST 99% PURE.
GRADES: TECHNICAL; CP; USP; SINGLE CRYSTALS.
FORMULATIONS (VET): EACH 100 ML CONTAINS SODIUM IODIDE USP 20 G; INERT INGREDIENTS, FORMALDEHYDE (AS PRESERVATIVE) 0.2% WEIGHT/VOLUME, DISTILLED WATER 82.4% WEIGHT/WEIGHT. /SODIUM IODIDE 20%/
/Available in/ high purity, ultra-dry grades & 57% solution grades
NaI-USP XX contains 99-101.5% NaI calc on the anhydrous basis
Use ClassificationCosmetics -> Antimicrobial
General Manufacturing Information
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing
Sodium iodide (NaI): ACTIVE
INCOMPATIBILITIES: SEE POTASSIUM IODIDE. ALKALOIDAL SALTS, CHLORAL HYDRATE, TARTARIC & OTHER ACIDS, CALOMEL, POTASSIUM CHLORATE, METALLIC SALTS. /POTASSIUM IODIDE/
応用分野
解説ヨウ化ナトリウム，NaI(149.89)．炭酸ナトリウムをヨウ化水素酸に溶かし，濃縮放冷すると得られる．無水物は無色の等軸晶系結晶．融点651 ℃，沸点1304 ℃．密度3.67 g cm－3．潮解性で，水に易溶，エタノール，メタノール，アセトンに可溶．水溶液からは65 ℃ 以上では無水物が，それ以下では二水和物が析出する．二水和物は単斜晶系結晶．密度2.45 g cm－3．潮解性で，水に易溶．写真，シンチレーター(X線，γ線蛍光スクリーン)，ナトリウムランプ，医薬品(利尿剤，去たん剤)，除湿剤，食塩添加剤，分析試薬などに用いられる．
用途高純度金属化合物。
用途合成原料、医薬原料、写真用、シンチレーションサーベイメータ材料。
用途ヨウ化ナトリウムは、ヨード欠乏症の治療と予防のために使われる。 また、ヨウ化ナトリウムはシンチレータ（放射線が当たることによって蛍光を示す性質を持つ物質）であるため、高純度の単結晶は主にタリウムなどのドーピング処理で活性化された後、放射線の検出に利用される(シンチレーション検出器)。 核医学の分野では、ヨウ素が甲状腺に集積することを利用し、Na123Iなどを甲状腺シンチグラフィに用いる。
用途有機合成において、塩化アルキルをヨウ化アルキルへ変換するハロゲン交換反応に用いられる。アセトン溶液を用いるフィンケルシュタイン反応 (Finkelstein reaction)、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応 (PCR法) にて利用される。アセトン中で塩化アルキルとヨウ化ナトリウムを作用させると、ハロゲン交換の結果生じる塩化ナトリウムがアセトンに不溶で析出するため、反応の平衡がヨウ化アルキルが生じる生成系へと偏っていく。
用途医薬品原料、除湿剤
用途有機合成(和光試薬時報Vol.65 No.4,p.30(1997)、Vol.62 No.1,p.25(1994)、Wako Organic Square No.13,p16(Sep.2004))。
使用Sodium iodide is widely used for halide exchange (Finkelstein reaction), for example in the conversion of an alkyl chloride, allyl chloride and arylmethyl chloride into their respective iodides, which are precursors for pharmaceutical and fine chemical products. They are used to ehnance the efficiency of the formation of Wittig adducts from less reactive chlorides and bromides. Appropriate prepartions find use as a nutrient supplement. Sodium iodide is used as the precursor to the control agent in ab initio emulsion polymerization. Sodium iodide finds use in the determination of dissolved oxygen in the modified Winkler method, synthesis of the fluorescent dye coppersensor-1 (CS1) for imaging labile copper pools in biological samples, and the cleavage of esters, lactones, carbamates and ethers in combination with chlorotrimethylsilane.
一般的な説明Sodium iodide is an inorganic salt. Mixture of chlorotrimethylsilane/sodium iodide in acetonitrile is a useful reagent for the cleavage of esters, lactones, carbamates and ethers.
使用用途ヨウ化ナトリウムは、ハロゲン交換反応 (フィンケルシュタイン反応) の反応剤として、有機ヨウ素化合物の合成に用いられます。また、放射線のシンチレーション検出や、医療分野ではヨード欠乏症の治療など、使用用途は幅広いです。 ヨウ化ナトリウムは動物に不可欠な栄養素として、家畜用飼料の成分としても重要な役割を担っています。
調製方法
製造方法Sodium iodide is prepared by adding hydriodic acid or an acidic iodide solution to a solution of sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, followed by evaporation and crystallization: NaOH + HI → NaI + H2OThe solution is filtered to remove any impurities prior to its evaporation and crystallization.
製造方法NaIは直接反応やメタセシス反応、固体反応など、いくつかの方法で製造することができます。最も一般的な方法は、 (NaOH) または (Na2CO3) を反応させる方法です。この反応により、水または水と二酸化炭素が生成され、ヨウ化ナトリウムが得られます。 具体的な反応工程としては、水酸化ナトリウムあるいは炭酸ナトリウムの水溶液に対し、ヨウ素を加えます。この反応により、ヨウ化ナトリウムが生成され、水酸化水素が放出されます。 NaOH + HI → NaI + H2O Na2CO3 + HI → NaI + H2O + CO2 そのほか、電気分解法や金属ナトリウムとヨウ素を反応させる方法もあります。しかし、これらの方法は一般的ではありません。
合成方法ヨウ素と炭酸ナトリウムとを加熱する
純化方法Crystallise NaI from water/ethanol solution and dry it for 12hours under vacuum, at 70o. Alternatively, dissolve it in acetone, filter it and cool it to -20o; the resulting yellow crystals are filtered off and heated in a vacuum oven at 70o for 6hours to remove acetone. The NaI is then crystallised from very dilute NaOH, dried under vacuum, and stored in a vacuum desiccator [Verdin Trans Faraday Soc 57 484 1961].
上流・下流製品情報
上流原料
下流製品
補足説明
定義sodium iodide: A white crystallinesolid, NaI, very soluble in water andsoluble in both ethanol and ethanoicacid. It is known in both the anhydrousform (cubic; r.d. 3.67; m.p.661°C; b.p. 1304°C) and as the dihydrate(monoclinic; r.d. 2.45). It is preparedby the reaction of hydrogeniodide with sodium carbonate orsodium hydroxide in solution. Likepotassium iodide, sodium iodide inaqueous solution dissolves iodine toform a brown solution containingthe I3- ion. It finds applications inphotography and is also used in medicineas an expectorant and in the administrationof radioactive iodine for studies of thyroid function and fortreatment of diseases of the thyroid.
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