1-クロロ-2,4-ジニトロベンゼン

解説C6H3ClN2O4(202.55)．クロロベンゼンあるいはo-ニトロクロロベンゼンをニトロ化することによって得られる．"黄色の結晶(安定型)．融点51 ℃．融点の低い(43 ℃，27 ℃)二つの不安定型結晶も存在する．沸点315 ℃．d221.697．熱エタノール，エーテル，ベンゼンに可溶，水に不溶．ニコチン酸，ニコチン酸アミド，そのほかのピリジン誘導体の検出に用いられる．皮膚刺激性がある．[CAS 97-00-7]森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）

用途染料?医薬中間体

使用1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene is a benzene derivative and is used in biochemical research as a substrate for glutathione S-transferase.

一般的な説明Pale yellow needles, almond odor.

Although chlorobenzene can be dinitrated directly, this results in unnecessary isomer problems. 4-Chloronitrobenzene is usually nitrated with mixed acid (35/65) at 60 ℃ to give the pure dinitro isomer. However, 2- chloronitrobenzene can be nitrated to produce 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene, together with ca. 10 wt % of the isomeric 2- chloro- 1,3-dinitrobenzene. This may be separated for disposal, but the mixed isomers are preferably used directly if tolerated by the end product (e.g., sulfur dyes).

純化方法Usually it is recrystallised from EtOH or MeOH. It has also been crystallised from Et2O, *C6H6, *C6H6/pet ether or isopropyl alcohol. A preliminary purification step is to pass its solution in *benzene through an alumina column. It has also been purified by zone refining. It exists in three forms: one stable and two unstable. The stable form crystallises as yellow needles from Et2O, m 51o, b 315o/760mm with some decomposition, and is soluble in EtOH. A labile form also crystallises from Et2O, m 43o, and is more soluble in organic solvents. The second labile form has m 27o. [Hoffman & Dame, J Am Chem Soc 41 1015 1919, Welsh J Am Chem Soc 63 3276 1941, J Chem Soc 2476 1957, Beilstein 5 IV 744.]

定義ChEBI: 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene is a C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions. It has a role as an epitope, an allergen and a sensitiser. It is a C-nitro compound and a member of monochlorobenzenes.