ジボラン

解説ジボラン，融点－165 ℃，沸点－92.5 ℃．密度0.447 g cm－3(－112 ℃)．空気中40～50 ℃ で発火燃焼する．水では加水分解し，湿った空気中でも爆発的に反応して H2 とH3BO3になる．加熱，または光照射で分解し，さらに高次のボランを生成する．水素と加熱しても高次ボランを生じる．HClとはB2H5Clを，Cl2 とはBCl3とHClを，メタノールとはHB(OCH3)2を，オレフィンやベンゼンとは，それぞれアルキルボラン，アリールボランを，N(CH3)3とはH3B·N(CH3)3を生じ，これを加熱すると(CH3)2N·BH2となる．また，－120 ℃ でNH3と反応して[H2B(NH3)2][BH4]となり，これを加熱するとボラジンを生じる．オレフィンの重合の触媒，ほかのボラン類の製造原料，ゴム加硫，還元剤，ロケットの燃料，半導体処理などに用いられる．

用途エピタキシャルシリコンやドープした酸化シリコンのデポジション、イオン注入のためのP型ドーパント 半導体用以外ではオレフィン重合触媒、還元剤、ロケット推進薬の火焔促進薬

説明Diborane is a colorless gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It has an unpleasant, distinctive, sickly sweet odor. Diborane is a highly flammable gas that forms a flammable mixture with air over a range of 0.9 percent to 98 percent diborane (at 1 atm). Diborane bums in air (or oxygen) with a blue to green flame. Diborane is considered pyrophoric at room temperature. The gas is easily ignited by a spark or the heat of reaction with moisture in air. Pure diborane is insensitive to mechanical shock; however, shock and thermally sensitive mixtures may be formed in the presence of impurities such as oxygen, water, halogenated hydrocarbons, and so on. Thermal decomposition of diborane to hydrogen can result in excessive pressure buildup. Vessels for containment of diborane should be designed to contain such resultant decomposition pressure.

使用Diborane is used as a rocket propellant, in thevulcanization of rubber, as a polymerizationcatalyst, as a reducing agent, in the synthesisof trialkyl boranes, and as a doping agent(Merck 1996).