ポリビニルポリピロリドン

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

LC50 Salmo gairdneri/ renamed Oncorhyncus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 913 mg/L/96 hr; static

LC50 Salmo gairdneri/ renamed Oncorhyncus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 976 mg/L/72 hr; static

EC50 Daphnia magna (immobilization) 130 mg/L/24 hr; 45 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

EC50 Scenedesmus subscpicatus (Algae; biomass) 780 mg/L/72 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

EC50 Scenedesmus subscpicatus (Algae; growth rate) >1000 mg/L/72 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Four groups of five animals /(Daphnia magna)/ were used at each dose level of 0.7, 1.6, 3.8, 8.0, 17.9, 40.0, 89.4, 200.0, 447.0 and 1,000 mg/L. Only one control group was used. An EC50 of 45.04 mg/L and a NOEC of 3.6 mg/L after 48 hours were derived from the results. An EC100 of 447 mg/L after 48 hours was also reported.

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Only one study has been conducted to examine the health of N-VP production workers, a cross-sectional morbidity study. The study included comprehensive medical examinations of the majority of the workforce and no signs of ill health related to N-VP exposure were identified. However, the actual levels of N-VP to which the workforce was exposed are unclear.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ In liver biopsies from people who had received polyvinyl pyrrolidone iv, basophilic globular deposits were observed in Kupffer cells, occasionally accompanied by mild inflammation. Thesaurismosis (a foam-cell storage phenomenon characterized by swollen cells with reticulated nuclei loaded with vacuoles or deposits of polyvinyl pyrrolidone) has been observed after inhalation of hair sprays containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone and may be accompanied by pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonia. /Polyvinyl pyrrolidone/

N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone

Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

Volume 19: (1979) Some Monomers, Plastics and Synthetic Elastomers, and Acrolein

1999

1998

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A 4-hr LC50 value of 3,070 mg/cu m (3.07 mg/L) has been obtained from a study in which groups of 10 male and 10 female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed head only to aerosols of around 800, 2,000, 2,800, 5,200 or 5,600 mg/cu m N-VP (purity >99%, stabilized with 10 ppm Kerobit, particle size not stated). Following exposure, rats were observed for 14 days and underwent gross necropsy at the end of the study. Deaths occurred in all but the lowest dose group within 2-4 days of exposure, and clinical signs of toxicity including increased respiration rates, ataxia, /CNS depression/, bloodshot eyes and nasal secretions were observed in all dose groups. Necropsy revealed changes in decedents only. In the lungs, isolated areas of edema were recorded; in the heart, acute hyperemic obstruction and acute dilation of the fore chambers occurred; the liver had a sandy grey appearance; multiple bloody ulcerations were apparent in the stomach and blood was apparent in intestinal contents suggesting irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. There was also some discoloration of the kidneys. No details on the severity of these changes were provided. No deaths occurred in earlier studies in which cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, rats and mice or rats alone were exposed for 6 or 8 hr to air saturated with N-VP vapor. Signs of toxicity during exposure were limited to salivation and nasal secretion, and at necropsy, slight irritation of the mucous membranes was occasionally observed. Based on the reported vapor pressure of 0.12 hPa, the saturated vapor concentration would be 0.6 mg/L (600 mg/cu m).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A dermal LD50 value of 560 mg/kg has been estimated from a study in which groups of 5 rabbits were given 200, 375, 800, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg on intact skin. The conditions of exposure were not stated. Deaths occurred in all but the lowest dose group within 5 days of dosing and all animals in the top two groups died. No information on local skin effects or systemic toxicity was provided.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Results from a study in the rat indicated that the dermal LD50 value for this species lay between 1,043 and 4,127 mg/kg. Groups of 2 male and 2 female CFY rats were given 0, 668, 1,043, 4,127 or 10,430 mg/kg N-VP over an area approximately 10% of body surface under an occlusive dressing for 24 hr. There was no evidence of irritation at the site of application. Deaths occurred in all but the low dose group within three days of dosing and non-specific signs of toxicity were seen in all rats given 1,043 mg/kg or more. Signs of toxicity in the lowest dose group were limited to slight diarrhea in the two males. Autopsy of decedents revealed congestion of the lungs, pallor of the liver, kidneys and spleen and injection of the blood vessels into the subcutaneous tissue at the site of application. Body weight gains of treated rats were reduced during the first week of observation but were normal during the second week. No abnormalities were seen in survivors at necropsy.

Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone ... were available. There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in experimental animals. Overall evaluation N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

A3; Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans.

LD50 Rat oral 1470 mg/kg

LD50 Rabbit dermal 560 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse oral about 940 mg/kg bw

LC50 Rat inhalation 3.07 mg/L/4 hr

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for 2-PYRROLIDINONE,1-ETHENYL- (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Used as a monomer in the production of polyvinyl pyrrolidone; also used in the production of other polymers and organic chemicals; [ACGIH]

Using Disinfectants or Biocides [Category: Clean]

Used to manufacture water-soluble and insoluble forms of polyvinyl pyrrolidone for pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and to make copolymers with other monomers intended for use in contact with food. ...Used in cast films adherent to glass, metals, plastics.

Solvent for resins, co-monomer for polymerization, binder in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.

...About 10-15% of the monomer is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of PVP-iodine complex used as a disinfectant. It is also used as a reactive solvent of UV-curable resins for the production of printing inks and paints as paper and textile auxiliaries, and as an additive in the cosmetics industry.

... Precursor and intermediate for process auxiliaries and additives. The main areas of use are the production of polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers, the preferred comonomers being vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate.

Industrially, NVP is produced by reacting 2-pyrrolidone with acetylene in high-pressure autoclaves at 130-160 °C and pressures of up to 2.6 MPa. Vinylation proceeds in the liquid phase and is catalyzed by 2-pyrrolidone-potassium, which is obtained by dissolving 1-5% potassium hydroxide (the water formed is removed by distillation in vacuo) or potassium in 2-pyrrolidone. To avoid the danger of explosions acetylene-nitrogen mixtures are used instead of acetylene. The crude product obtained by continuous or batch production is purified by vacuum distillation.

A typical commercial product has the following composition: NVP content, minimum 99 weight percent; 2-pyrrolidone, maximum 0.2 weight percent; water, maximum 0.1 weight percent; color index (freshly filled, APHA), 40 maximum; stabilizers: 10 ppm N,N'-bis(1-methylpropyl)-1,4-benzenediamine or 0.1 weight percent sodium hydroxide.

Polyquaternium-11 is a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylamine ethylmethacrylate, partially quaternized with diethyl sulfate....Industry specifications for Polyquaternium-11 allow residual vinylpyrrolidone to a maximum concentration of 1.0%. ...The principal use of Polyquaternium-11 in cosmetic products is in hair care preparations.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (PVP/VA Copolymer) is the copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) monomers. The copolymers vary in their ratio of VP to VA and range from 70:30 to 30:70 VP to VA.

Printing Ink Manufacturing

2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-: ACTIVE

PVP/VA Copolymer is used in tablet coating, spray bandages, protective masks, spray or rub-on gloves, plant leaf sprays, shoe polishes, and film production; it is also used as a dye medium in adhesive sticks and in the synthesis of peptides.