1,3-ジニトロベンゼン

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water from protected location (USCG, 1999)

Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

(General first aid procedures)

1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill. 3. For small quantities, sweep onto paper or other suitable material & burn in a suitable combustion chamber which allows burning in an unconfined condition & is equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. Large quantities may be reclaimed; however, if this is not practical, dissolve in fuel oil & atomize in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1. By making packages of dinitrobenzene in paper or other flammable material & burning in a suitable combustion chamber which allows burning in an unconfined condition & is equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. 2. By dissolving dinitrobenzene in fuel oil & atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

Dissolve in combustible solvent such as alcohols, benzene, etc. Spray the solution into the furnace with afterburner and scrubber.

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for dinitrobenzene: Concentration process: Reverse osmosis. /Dinitrobenzene/

Consult an expert! Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where dinitrobenzene or liquids containing dinitrobenzene are handled, processed, or stored. Employees who handle dinitrobenzene or liquids containing dinitrobenzene should wash their hands thoroughly with soap or mild detergent and water before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities.

Protect containers against physical damage. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition or acute fire hazard area. Storage area should be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system if within a building.

Clothing contaminated with dinitrobenzene should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of dinitrobenzene from the clothing.

If employees' clothing becomes contaminated with solid dinitrobenzene, employees should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. ... If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the dinitrobenzene, the person performing the operation should be informed of dinitrobenzene's hazardous properties.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 1,3-DINITROBENZENE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Treatment is mainly symptomatic and may include gastric lavage and/or the administration of activated charcoal. Benzodiazepine may be administered if seizures occur. If methemoglobinemia is evident, 1 to 2 mg/kg of 1% methylene blue should be administered via IV. (T36)

Immune

Eyes, skin, blood, liver, cardiovascular system, central nervous system

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 150(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of 1.49(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,3-dinitrobenzene is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). It has been shown that nitrophenols and nitrobenzenes adsorb strongly to clay surfaces and the mobility of 1,3-dinitrobenzene is expected to be low in soils rich in clay content(4,5). Volatilization of 1,3-dinitrobenzene from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 4.9X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(6). 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2X10-4 mm Hg(6). More than 64 days were required to biodegrade 1,3-dinitrobenzene in an aqueous biodegradation screening test using a silt loam inoculum at 25 °C(7), which suggests biodegradation will occur slowly in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 150(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of 1.49(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,3-dinitrobenzene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.9X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4). According to a classification scheme(5), BCF values of 2-75 measured in fish(6,7), suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to moderate (SRC). The half-life of 1,3-dinitrobenzene in water from the Tennessee River, 1 mile downstream from a munitions plant, was 1 day(8). However, 1,3-dinitrobenzene did not biodegrade in pristine water from rivers and creeks in Maryland(8), suggesting that biodegradation may occur rapidly in acclimated environments, but slowly under non-acclimated conditions(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,3-dinitrobenzene, which has a vapor pressure of 2X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3-dinitrobenzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 526 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3). 1,3-Dinitrobenzene absorbs light greater than 290 nm and may be susceptible to direct photolysis(4), but the kinetics of this reaction are unknown(SRC).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L199) ; inhalation (L199) ; dermal (L199)

In the red blood cell, 1,3-DNB induces formation of methemoglobin, leading to cyanosis. Reduction of the nitrogroup(s) of 1,3-DNB produces reactive nitroaromatic radical anions which redox cycle to produce other reactive, toxic species such as superoxide anion. Redox cycling of these intermediates probably causes the methemoglobinemia. In the male reproductive system, 1,3-DNB causes disruption of spermatogenesis resulting in hypospermia, poor sperm quality, and infertility. Reduction of 1,3-DNB to reactive species such as nitrosonitrobenzene is believed to damage Sertoli cells. (L199)

Burning sensation. Blue lips, fingernails and skin. Dizziness. Headache. Nausea. Weakness. Laboured breathing.

MAY BE ABSORBED! See Inhalation.

Redness. Pain.

See Inhalation.

Anoxia, cyanosis; visual disturbance, central scotomas; bad taste, burning mouth, dry throat, thirst; yellowing hair, eyes, skin; anemia; liver damage

Exposure to high concentrations of 1,3-dinitrobenzene can reduce the ability of blood to carry oxygen and can cause your skin to become bluish in color. Other symptoms of 1,3-dinitrobenzene exposure include headache, nausea, and dizziness.(L199)

The concentration of 1,3-dinitrobenzene in an extract of effluent water from organics and plastics industries was 1,055 ng/ul(1). 1,3-Dinitrobenzene has been detected in the effluent of facilities that produce 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) at a concn of 4 ppm(2).

m-Dinitrobenzene

Immune

1 x 10 ^-4 mg/kg-day

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. m-Dinitrobenzene is included on this list.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

m-Dinitrobenzene is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.

(FL) FLORIDA 50 ug/l

(ME) MAINE 0.7 ug/l

Usually manufactured as a mixture of 3 isomers, DNB is used to make dyes, explosives, celluloids, and organic chemicals; [ACGIH]

CHEM INT FOR: M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE, USED FOR ARAMID FIBERS, SPANDEX FIBERS; DYES; EXPLOSIVES

1,3-Dinitrobenzene is used in organic synthesis and as a camphor substitute for cellulose nitrate. /Dinitrobenzene/

USED FOR THE DETECTION OF 17-KETOSTEROID

USED TO PREPARE AMINOCRESOLS BY ELECTROLYTIC REDUCTION

USED AS AN INTERMEDIATE IN THE PRODUCTION OF AROMATIC AMINES /BY CATALYTIC REDUCTION WITH ELEMENTAL IRON IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID MEDIUM/ FOR DYE SYNTHESIS

(1975) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 G

(1977) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 2.27X10+6 G

Benzene, 1,3-dinitro-: ACTIVE

OF 3 ISOMERS OF DINITROBENZENE, META-DINITROBENZENE IS MOST COMMONLY MANUFACTURED.

Selective control of weeds.