2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

To fight fire use foam, alcohol foam or dry chemical.

Water may be ineffective. /Use/ alcohol foam.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U042, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds.

Only electrical equipment of explosion proof type (Group C classification) is permitted to be operated in ether areas. /Ethers/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

0.16 [ppm]

1.8 [ppm]

11 [ppm]

LC50 Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) 194,000 ug/l/96 hr /static bioassay/.

LC50 Bluegill sunfish 452 mg/l/24 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 460(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 429 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 26.8 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). The potential for volatilization of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). As 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is known to undergo general acid catalysis with an experimental rate constant of 0.168 l/mol-sec (7), hydrolysis in acidic soils would occur at a greater rate(SRC). The half-life for hydrolysis at pH 6 is 69 days; at pH 5, it is 6.9 days(SRC). Based on a studies in water, biodegradation of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether may be possible in soil(SRC). In water, the theoretical biological oxygen demand for 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether was 76% and 52% (initial concn 5 and 10 mg/l, respectively) in seven days using settled domestic wastewater as a microbial inoculum(6,7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 460(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 429 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 26.8 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 429 mg/l(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.1 hrs and 4.1 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 20(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The rate constant for hydrolysis of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether at a pH of 7 is 4.4X10-10 1/sec(4) which translates to a half-life of about 50 years(SRC). As 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is known to undergo general acid catalysis with an experimental rate constant of 0.168 l/mol-sec (7), hydrolysis in acidic waters would occur at a greater rate(SRC). The half-life for hydrolysis at pH 6 is 69 days; at pH 5, it is 6.9 days(SRC). The theoretical biological oxygen demand for 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether was 76% and 52% (initial concn 5 and 10 mg/l, respectively) in seven days using settled domestic wastewater as a microbial inoculum(8,9).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 26.8 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone(SRC); the half-life for reaction with OH radicals in air is estimated to be 10.2 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3); the half-life for reaction with ozone in air is estimated to be 1.3 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.8X10-18 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

As reported in the USEPA Storet Database, 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether was detected in 1% of 1,291 samples with a median concn less than 5 ug/l(1). 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether was not detected in Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant wastewater (detection limit 10 ppb)(2).

The Koc of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is estimated as 160 (SRC), using a water solubility of 429 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC).

2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether gave a 76% and 52% (initial concn 5 and 10 mg/l, respectively) theoretical biological oxygen demand in seven days using a settled domestic wastewater as a microbial inoculum. Complete biodegradation was obtained in seven days using the third subculture. 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether was listed as showing significant degradation with rapid adaptation(1,2).

An estimated BCF of 20 was calculated for 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether(SRC), using a water solubility of 429 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is estimated as 8.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 26.8 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 429 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 1.1 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 4.1 days(SRC). 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 26.8 mm Hg(1).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ 2-chloroethylvinyl ether rated 2 on rabbit eyes. /rated numerically on scale of 1 to 10 according to degree of injury observed after 24 hr, paying particular attention to condition of cornea. Most severe injuries have been rated 10/.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ One of 6 rats died after 4 hr exposure to 500 ppm of vapor in air.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Dermal exposure to undiluted 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether did not cause even slight erythema.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 10.2 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether with ozone has been estimated as 8.8X10-18 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.3 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). The experimental rate constant for acid catalyzed cleavage of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether at 25 °C is 0.168 l/mol-sec(3). This translates to a half-life of 69 days at a pH of 6, and to a half-life of 6.9 days at pH of 5(SRC). The rate constant for hydrolysis of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether at a pH of 7 is 4.4X10-10 1/sec(4). This value corresponds to a half-life of 50 years in neutral waters(SRC). In the laboratory, 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether was shown to disappear in autoclaved samples of a model aquifer system, suggesting that abiotic processes were involved(5). A laboratory rapid-infiltration microcosm study showed that 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether was removed from the influent stream(6,7). 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental portion of the UV spectrum (>290 nm)(SRC).

U042; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. Ethene, (2-chloroethoxy)- is included on this list.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).