[C:1]1(=[O:11])[O:6][C:4](=[O:5])[C:3]2=[CH:7][CH:8]=[CH:9][CH:10]=[C:2]12.[C:12]1([NH2:22])[C:21]2[C:16](=[CH:17][CH:18]=[CH:19][CH:20]=2)[CH:15]=[CH:14][CH:13]=1>>[C:12]1([NH:22][C:4](=[O:5])[C:3]2[C:2](=[CH:10][CH:9]=[CH:8][CH:7]=2)[C:1]([OH:6])=[O:11])[C:21]2[C:16](=[CH:17][CH:18]=[CH:19][CH:20]=2)[CH:15]=[CH:14][CH:13]=1To a 30 mm co-rotating twin screw extruder (Werner & Pfleiderer ZSK type) was added at barrel 1 (of 14) 2370 g (16 mol) per hour phthalic anhydride in the form of crushed pellets, and at barrel 2 molten 1-naphthylamine at a rate of 2234 g (15.62 mol) per hour while maintaining a temperature profile of: zone 1=75°, zone 2=83°, zone 3=95°, zone 4= 75° and zone 5=45° C. At a screw speed of 300 rpm, the residence time was about 60 seconds, resulting in a product containing N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (4365 g, ca. 96% yield based on 1-naphthylamine).
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