트리-N-옥틸아민

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22,600(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility of 0.050 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tri-n-octylamine is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tri-n-octylamine from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization. Tri-n-octylamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 5.5X10-5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Biodegradation is not expected to be an important fate process. Tri-n-octylamine, present at 30 mg/l, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 100 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(2).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22,600(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility of 0.050 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tri-n-octylamine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5 hrs and 7 days, respectively(SRC). However, adsorption to suspended solids and sediment is expected to attenuate volatilization. According to a classification scheme(5), BCF values of 23 to 143 in fish(2), suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to high(SRC). Trialkyl amines, including tri-n-octylamine, are recalcitrant, showing little degradation in standard BOD tests(7). Tri-n-octylamine, present at 30 mg/l, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 100 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(2) which suggests that biodegradation is not a fast environmental fate process(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tri-n-octylamine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 5.5X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tri-n-octylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.2X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3) determined using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase tri-n-octylamine may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

The Koc of tri-n-octylamine is estimated as 22,600(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 0.050 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that tri-n-octylamine is expected to be immobile in soil.

Tri-n-octylamine's production and use as a mineral extraction reagent(1), an extractant for reactor fuel processing(2), and its use as an extractant for identification of dyes(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

AEROBIC: Trialkyl amines, including tri-n-octylamine, are recalcitrant, showing little degradation in standard BOD tests(1). Tri-n-octylamine, present at 30 mg/l, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 100 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(2).

During a 6 week period, BCFs of 23-101 and 25-143 were determined for tri-n-octylamine at concentrations of 50 and 5 mg/l, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to high.

The Henry's Law constant for tri-n-octylamine is estimated as 1.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tri-n-octylamine is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5 hrs hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7 days(SRC). Tri-n-octylamine's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 63 years if adsorption is considered versus 22 days if adsorption is not(4). Tri-n-octylamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 5.5X10-5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tri-n-octylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.2X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Tri-n-octylamine may undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the presence of hydrolyzable functional groups(2).

Tri-n-octylamine's production and use as a mineral extraction reagent, an extractant for reactor fuel processing, and its use as an extractant for identification of dyes may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 5.5X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates tri-n-octylamine will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tri-n-octylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 hrs. Particulate-phase tri-n-octylamine will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. If released to soil, tri-n-octylamine is expected to be immobile based upon an estimated Koc of 22,600. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.4X10-2 atm-cu m/mole. However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization. Tri-n-octylamine will not volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation is not expected to be an important fate process as suggested by the lack of biodegradation in the Japanese MITI test. If released into water, tri-n-octylamine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. BCF values ranging from 23-143 suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to high. Occupational exposure to tri-n-octylamine may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tri-n-octylamine is produced or used. (SRC)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/