사이클로산

Colorless liquid

Oily

Miscible with most organic solvents, e.g. acetone, benzene, methanol, ethanol, xylene, kerosene, etc.

Miscible with 4-methylpentan-2-one

In water, 85 mg/L at 22 °C

0.002 [mmHg]

1.57X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 6.7% (3 of 45) of reports.

Warning

H302 (86.7%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 45 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.；Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 3 of 45 reports by companies.；There are 4 notifications provided by 42 of 45 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).；Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Hazard Traits - Developmental Toxicity；Authoritative List - Prop 65；Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the product

Cycloate is listed in the dataset of EPA Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides under the Safe Drinking Water Act (40 eCFR 141)

Status: Active Update: 18-12-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/27457

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:；Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot. For UN3508, Capacitor, asymmetric, be aware of possible short circuiting as this product is transported in a charged state. Polymeric beads, expandable (UN2211) may evolve flammable vapours. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:；Inhalation of material may be harmful. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Inhalation of Asbestos dust may have a damaging effect on the lungs. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Some liquids produce vapors that may cause dizziness or asphyxiation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause environmental contamination. (ERG, 2024)

USEPA/OPPTS; Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Cycloate (S-ethyl cyclohexyl(ethyl)thiocarbamate) 112 pp. (September 30, 2004) This document provides a thorough review of the scientific data underlying this herbicidee's registration and fulfills the EPA's requirement to determine whether herbicides containing this active ingredient are eligible for reregistration before calling in data on products.

Tolerances are established for residues of the herbicide S-ethyl cyclohexylethylthiocarbamate in or on the following food commodities: [Table#3498]

Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether or not products containing the active ingredient are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required the submission of the generic (i.e., active ingredient-specific) data required to support reregistration of products containing cycloate as an active ingredient. The Agency has completed its review of these generic data and has determined that the data are sufficient to support reregistration of all products containing cycloate. Appendix B identifies the generic data requirements that the Agency reviewed as part of its determination of reregistration eligibility of cycloate. These data were sufficient to allow the Agency to determine that cycloate can be used without resulting in unreasonable adverse effects to humans and the environment. The Agency, therefore, finds that all products containing cycloate as the active ingredient are eligible for reregistration provided specified changes are made to the label and additional data identified in Section V of this RED confirm this conclusion. Actions needed to reregister particular products are addressed in Section V of /the RED/ document.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. Cycloate is found on List B. Case No: 2125; Pesticide type: herbicide; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): S-Ethyl N-ethylcyclohexanecarbamothioate; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 04/05/91, 10/18/95; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.

CYCLOATE is a thiocarbamate ester. Flammable gases are generated by the combination of thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates are incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides.

Acute Tox. 4 (86.7%)

Teratogens

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:；CAUTION: Fire involving Safety devices (UN3268) and Fire suppressant dispersing devices (UN3559) may have a delayed activation and a risk of hazardous projectiles. Extinguish the fire at a safe distance.；SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam.；LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Do not scatter spilled material with high-pressure water streams. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.；FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

If material /is/ on fire or involved in /a/ fire do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos, (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, liquid); Carbamate pesticide, liquid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec/

Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, liquid nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/

Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, solid, nos (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, nec)/

Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Carbamate pesticide, solid, nos (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, nec, other than liquid)/

Keep containers closed when not in use. Do not store near seeds, fertilizers, or foodstuffs. Protect from temperatures below 20 °F. Product crystallizes at lower temperatures. Warm or store at higher temperatures and mix to redissolve crystals and assure uniformity before use. Do not store near sources of heat or open flame. Combustible liquid. /RO-NEET 6-E/

Store away from feed, foodstuffs and out of the reach of children. Prevent drifting.

Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance, contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of the EPA.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:；Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent dust cloud. For Asbestos, avoid inhalation of dust. Cover spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Do not clean up or dispose of, except under supervision of a specialist.；SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.；SMALL SPILL: Pick up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal.；LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Pesticide DIsposal: Wastes resulting from the use of this product may be disposed of on site or at an approved waste disposal facility. /RO-NEET 6-E/

Container Disposal: Triple rinse (or equivalent); then offer for recycling or reconditioning, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary land fill, or by other procedures approved by State and local authorirites. For bulk and mini-bulk containers, reseal conatiner and offer for reconditioning, or triple rinse (or equivalent) and offer for recycling or reconditioning, or clean in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Before refilling, inspect thoroughly for damage such as cracks, punctures, bulges, dents, abrasions, and damaged or worn threads on closure devices. Refill only with RO-NEET 6-E; the contents of these containers cannot be completely removed by cleaning. /RO-NEET 6-E/

Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash water or rinsate.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for CYCLOATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

For several good reasons, .... herbicides ... should be handled and applied only with full attention to safety measures that minimize personal contact. Many formulations contain adjuvants (stabilizers, penetrants, surfactants) that may have significant irritating and toxic effects. A number of premixed formulations contain two or more active ingredients; the companion pesticides may be more toxic than the principal herbicide. Good hygienic practice should not be disregarded just because a pesticide is reported to have a high LD50 in laboratory rodents.

Harmful if swallowed. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. avoid contamination of feed or food. /RO-NEET 6-E/

/For liquid formulations/ follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. Discard clothing and other absorbent materials that have been drenched or heavily contaminated with this product's concentrate. Do not reuse them.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for CYCLOATE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:；IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.；SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.；FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:；Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)

End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (Worker Protection Standard). For liquid formulations: Engineering controls are required for all mixers, loaders and applicators. All mixers, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear at a minumum: long-sleeved shirt and long pants, shoes plus socks, and chemical-resistant gloves and chemical-resistant apron when mixing and loading.

Handlers /covered under the Worker Protection Standard and performing tasks using liquid formulations/, such as spill clean-up or cleaning equipment, for which engineering controls are not feasible must wear: long-sleeved shirt and long pants, shoes plus socks, chemical-resistant gloves, chemical-resistant apron, and a NIOSH-approved respirator with an organic-vapor removing cartridge with a prefilter approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-23C), or a canister approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-14G), or an organic-vapor cartridge or canister with any N2, R or P or He prefilter.

Chemical resistant gloves /include/ barrier laminate or nitrile rubber or neoprene rubber or viton. /Ro-Neet 6-E/

DO ALL LABORATORY SAMPLING, MIXING, WEIGHING, ETC, UNDER ... FUME REMOVAL DEVICE IN AREA HAVING GOOD FORCED VENTILATION OF NONRECIRCULATED AIR, OR WEAR GAS MASK OF PROPER TYPE. ... WEAR CLEAN PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND NONPERMEABLE GLOVES (SUCH AS POLYETHYLENE GLOVES) AS NECESSARY. /51.041: SPECIAL CHEMICAL HAZARDS/

Chemical-resistant gloves. Long-sleeved shirt and long pants. Shoes plus socks.

Treatment of carbamate poisoning is similar to that of organophosphate poisoning in that atropine sulfate injections readily reverse the effects. For acute exposures and first aid: EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

Data concerning the effects of thiocarbamates on man are scarce. However, cases of irritation and sensitization have been observed among agricultural workers. Some thiocarbamates, e.g., molinate, have an effect on sperm morphology and, consequently, on reproduction. However, no teratogenic effects have been observed. The results of mutagenicity studies have shown that thiocarbamates containing dichloroallyl groups are highly mutagenic. Some thiocarbamates are acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved.

LC50; Species: Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 4500 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 3000-8000 ug/L) /97.8% purity/

LC50; Species: Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 5600 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 3800-8200 ug/L) /74.2% purity/

LC50; Species: Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 6000 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 4600-7800 ug/L) /73.9% purity/

LC50 Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 7.0 ppm for 96 hr; static /96.8% purity/ /from table/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for CYCLOATE (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 345(2) to 800(3) indicate that cycloate is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of cycloate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.2X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 1.57X10-3 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 85 mg/L(5). Cycloate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its estimated vapor pressure(4). A field half-life of 30 days has been reported(5). 14C-labeled cycloate was up to 90% mineralized using a continuous flow-through system and soil inoculum(7), indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: UNDER CROP GROWING CONDITIONS, CYCLOATE HAS HALF-LIFE OF 4-8 WK IN SEVERAL SOILS. IN A LOAM SOIL AT 70-80 °F THE HALF-LIFE WAS 3.5 WK.

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 345(2) to 800(3) indicate that cycloate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.2X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 1.57X10-3 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 85 mg/L(6). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 8 days and 64 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 190(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.88(8) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). Cycloate is stable to hydrolysis and photolysis in water(3). 14C-labeled cycloate was up to 90% mineralized using a continuous flow-through system and soil inoculum(10), indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cycloate, which has a vapor pressure of 1.57X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cycloate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 10 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.53X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 degC(3). Photodegradation of cycloate was observed in hexane, following exposure to UV light(4). Dipropylamine, ethyl mercaptan, and ethyl disulfide were identified as photolysis products(4). Therefore, cycloate may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). A photolysis half-life in air of 5.2 hrs has been reported(5).

Two lactating goats were dosed twice daily (after the morning milking and after the evening milking) via balling gun with gelatin capsules containing uniformly ring-labeled (13)C/(14)C-cycloate for four consecutive days at 23 ppm. This dose rate represents approximately 88x the maximum theoretical dietary exposure for lactating ruminants ... . During the treatment period, milk was collected twice daily. The goats were sacrificed 14-16 hours after the final dosing and samples were stored frozen for up to 5 months prior to residue analysis. The total radioactive residues (TRRs) (expressed as cycloate equivalents) in the tissues of the goat used for residue characterization and identification were: 2.86 ppm in liver, 0.48 ppm in kidney, 0.05 ppm in muscle, and 0.01 ppm in fat. The TRR in milk ranged from 0.10 to 0.13 ppm. ... TRR in muscle and fat were low (< or = 0.05 ppm) ...

Some thiocarbamates (EPTC, Molinate, Pebulate, and Cycloate) share a common mechanism of toxicity, i.e. the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. An acetylcholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ The acute oral toxicity to birds is (1) Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), product 98.6% a.i.; LD50 >2150 mg/kg, practically nontoxic (2) Redwing Blackbird; technical product; LD50 >100 mg/kg, no more than moderately toxic and (3) Starling; technical product; LD50 >100 mg/kg, no more than moderately toxic /From table/. Since the LD50 falls in the range of >100 mg/kg to >2150 mg/kg, /EPA considers that/ cycloate is no more than moderately toxic to avian species on an acute oral basis.

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ Two subacute dietary studies using the technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) were required to establish the toxicity of cycloate to birds. The following information was submitted: (1) Northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus); TGAI 96.8%; 5-day LC50 >5620, practically non-toxic (2)Northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus); TGAI 73.9%; 5 day LC50 >56,000 (8 day; 5 day plus 3 day observation after exposure) practically non-toxic (3) Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos); TGAI 98.6%; 5 day LC50 >10,000 (8 day; 5 day exposure followed by 3 day observation period), practically non-toxic (4) Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos); TGAI 96.8%; 5 day LC50 >5395, practically non-toxic /From table/

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ LC50 values for freshwater fish falls in the range from 2.6 to 10.5 ppm ai, therefore, cycloate is considered moderately toxic to freshwater fish on an acute basis.

/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ ...The mobility of freshwater snails Physa and Lymnaea was diminished in the presence of ... cycloate (thiocarbamate) ... .

/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ Honey bee (Apis mellifera); 73.9% a.i.; LD50 29.01ug/bee, judged by EPA as practically non-toxic.

As with organophosphates, the signs and symptoms are based on excessive cholinergic stimulation. Unlike organophosphate poisoning, carbamate poisonings tend to be of shorter duration because the inhibition of nervous tissue acetylcholinesterase is reversible, and carbamates are more rapidly metabolized. Muscle weakness, dizziness, sweating and slight body discomfort are commonly reported early symptoms. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Contraction of the pupils with blurred vision, incoordination, muscle twitching and slurred speech have been reported. (L795)

The Koc of cycloate has been experimentally determined to be 345(1,2). The compound tends to sorb to soil under dry conditions and is not reversed if soil is later flooded(3). If already flooded, then cycloate desorbs readily and then volatilizes. Koc values of 500-800 have been reported(3). According to a classification scheme(4), these Koc values suggest that cycloate is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Cycloate was found at a maximum depth of 6-9 inches in a leaching study using four different soils(5).

Koc 600 and Kd 9 for adsorption, and Koc 767 and Kd 11.5 for desorption in a silt loam with 1.5% organic matter; Koc 500 and Kd 10 for adsorption, and Koc 615 and Kd 12.3 for desorption in a loam with 2% organic matter; Koc 545 and Kd 2.18 for adsorption, and Koc 745 and Kd 2.87 for desorption in a sandy loam with 0.4% organic matter; Koc 678 and Kd 8.13 for adsorption, and Koc 803 and Kd 9.63 for desorption in a clay loam with 1.2% organic matter

/GENOTOXICITY/ In a mammalian cell cytogenetics assays (chromosome aberration) ... human lymphocytes, derived from one male and one female healthy donors were exposed in culture to cycloate (98.1% ai ... ), in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 hours at doses of 0, 10, 50 or 100 ug/mL with and without metabolic activation (both donors). The S-9 homogenate was derived from the livers of Aroclor 1254-induced Alpk:APf Sprague-Dawley rats. Cycloate was cytotoxic, causing a > or = 30% reduction in the mitotic index (MI) at 100 ug/mL without S-9 and an = 15% reduction in the MI at 100 ug/mL with S-9 (both donor cells). In preliminary testing, few, if any metaphases were observed at 150 ug/mL and levels > or = 200 ug/mL were insoluble. The positive controls induced the expected clastogenic responses. There was, however, no indication that cycloate induced an increase in structural chromosome aberrations at any concentration. /98.1%/

Hazard Traits - Developmental Toxicity；Authoritative List - Prop 65；Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the product

Cycloate is listed in the dataset of EPA Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides under the Safe Drinking Water Act (40 eCFR 141)

Status: Active Update: 18-12-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/27457

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Tolerances are established for residues of the herbicide S-ethyl cyclohexylethylthiocarbamate in or on the following food commodities: [Table#3498]

Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether or not products containing the active ingredient are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required the submission of the generic (i.e., active ingredient-specific) data required to support reregistration of products containing cycloate as an active ingredient. The Agency has completed its review of these generic data and has determined that the data are sufficient to support reregistration of all products containing cycloate. Appendix B identifies the generic data requirements that the Agency reviewed as part of its determination of reregistration eligibility of cycloate. These data were sufficient to allow the Agency to determine that cycloate can be used without resulting in unreasonable adverse effects to humans and the environment. The Agency, therefore, finds that all products containing cycloate as the active ingredient are eligible for reregistration provided specified changes are made to the label and additional data identified in Section V of this RED confirm this conclusion. Actions needed to reregister particular products are addressed in Section V of /the RED/ document.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. Cycloate is found on List B. Case No: 2125; Pesticide type: herbicide; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): S-Ethyl N-ethylcyclohexanecarbamothioate; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 04/05/91, 10/18/95; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.

Ethylcyclohexylamine was found as a metabolite /of cycloate/ in rat urine, providing direct evidence for cleavage at the carbonyl carbon and nitrogen bond in the thiocarbamate molecule.

Mouse liver microsome NADPH system showed sulfoxide degradation product of cycloate.

Cycloate is rapidly metabolized in the roots and leaves of sugarbeets to ethyl-cyclohexylamine, carbon dioxide, amino acids, sugars ...

... The urinary metabolites incl cyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine...

For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for CYCLOATE (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

As a general rule, thiocarbamates can be absorbed via the skin, mucous membranes, and the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. They are eliminated quite rapidly, mainly via expired air and urine. Two major pathways exist for the metabolism of thiocarbamates in mammals. One is via sulfoxidation and conjugation with glutathione. The conjugation product is then cleaved to a cysteine derivative, which is metabolized to a mercapturic acid compound. The second route is oxidation of the sulfur to a sulfoxide, which is then oxidized to a sulfone, or hydroxylation to compounds that enter the carbon metabolic pool.

Using (14)C-ring-labeled cycloate /it was/ reported that about 82% of the radioactivity was excreted in rat urine & remainder in feces. No significant amt of radioactivity were found in resp CO2, indicating that the cyclohexyl ring was not broken.

Cycloate is rapidly absorbed by leaves ... . when applied to soil, cycloate is rapidly taken up by the roots of sugarbeets & translocated upward to the stems & leaves. ... no unchanged cycloate could be detected 3 days after treatment showing that it does not persist at all in plants.

After intragastric admin of 1000 mg/kg cycloate in rats, cycloate blood concn were 3.16 ug/mL after 30 min, 10 ug/mL after 1-6 hr, & 1.56 ug/mL after 18 hr. Shows rapid GI tract resorption, & rapid elimination from organism. Highest concn were found in lungs, kidneys, liver, heart & spleen after 1 hr, & in brain after 2 hr. A second maximum was found in spleen & lungs after 3 hr. Cycloate was not found in organs & blood after 24 hr.

... Not absorbed percutaneously.

For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for CYCLOATE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Used as pre-plant herbicide for annual grasses, nutgrass, certain perennial grasses, and many broadleaf weeds in sugar beets, table beets, and spinach; [HSDB]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For cycloate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 041301) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Thiocarbamate herbicide

Preplant for annual grasses, nutgrass, many broadleafweeds in sugar beets, table beets, spinach.

Herbicide

Sugarbeets account for more than 90% of cycloate usage. EPA estimates that approximately 679,000 pounds of active ingredient (a.i.) are used annually on a total of approximately 288,000 acres. Spinach accounts for almost 7% of cycloate usage with 45,000 pounds of a.i. applied per year on average. Garden beets receive about 17,000 pounds of a.i. annually on just under 8,000 acres treated, nearly 100% crop treated on garden beet acres.

Cycloate is produced by reaction of N-cyclohexyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl chloride with ethylmercaptan.

CHLOROTHIOLFORMATE METHOD: ... AN AMINE IS REACTED WITH ALKYL CHLOROTHIOLFORMATEIN ETHER TO FORM THIOLCARBAMATE. ... YIELDS OBTAINED ... /IN/ PREPARATION OF PEBULATE AND CYCLOATE WERE IN RANGE OF 53-84%.

Emulsifiable concentrate

TECHNICAL 95% MIN ...

Mixed formulations: (cycloate +) chloridazon

RO-NEET 6-E SELECTIVE HERBICIDE: Active Ingredient 73.9% Cycloate.

CYCLOATE 6-E: Active Ingredient 73.9% Cycloate.

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Cycloate (technical grade) as Class III: slightly hazardous; Main Use: herbicide.

Cycloate (S-ethyl cyclohexyl(ethyl)thiocarbamate) was first registered in the United States on July 13, 1967, for use as a selective herbicide on sugarbeets and spinach by the Stauffer Chemical Company. The use of cycloate on garden beets was first approved on January 9, 1970. Stauffer Chemical Company transferred the cycloate registrations to ICI Americas, Inc. on December 23, 1987. On January 24, 1994, the registrant name was changed to Zeneca Agrochemicals. Zeneca Agrochemicals merged with Novartis Agribusiness in November 2000 to form Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. sold all proprietary rights for cycloate to TRI AG, Inc. on December 1, 2000. Helm Agro US, Inc. is now the agent for TRI AG, Inc.

/IT IS/ APPLIED TO WELL-PREPARED SEED BED INCORPORATED INTO SOIL TO DEPTH OF 2-3 IN JUST BEFORE PLANTING. IT SHOULD BE USED ON MINERAL SOIL ONLY.

CYCLOATE WILL SELECTIVELY CONTROL CERTAIN ANNUAL WEED SPECIES SUCH AS BARNYARDGRASS /CRABGRASS, FOXTAILS, WILD OATS, NIGHTSHADE, HENBIT, LAMBSQUARTERS, PURSLANE, AND PIGWEED/ ... IT IS ONE OF FEW HERBICIDES EFFECTIVE AGAINST NUTSEDGE ... IT ALSO CONTROLS SEEDLING JOHNSONGRASS ... . SUGARBEETS AND SPINACH TOLERATE CYCLOATE WELL ENOUGH FOR COMMERCIAL USAGE.

For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for CYCLOATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.