백금분

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Platinum:

(General first aid procedures)

Persons not wearing protective equipment and clothing should be restricted from areas of spills until cleanup has been completed. If soluble platinum salts or liquids containing soluble salts are spilled, the following steps should be taken: 1. Ventilate area of spill; 2. Collect spilled material in the most convenient and safe manner for reclamation or for disposal in a secured sanitary landfill. Liquids containing soluble platinum salts should be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material, /Soluble platinum salts/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Adequate ventilation and protectors. Induce workers to wash constantly.

Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where soluble platinum salts or liquids containing soluble platinum salts are handled, processed, or stored. Employees who handle soluble platinum salts or liquids containing soluble platinum salts should wash their hands thoroughly before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities. /Soluble platinum salts/

Respirators may be used when engineering and work practice controls are not technically feasible, when such controls are in the process of being installed, or when they fail and need to be supplemented. ... If the use of respirators is necessary, the only respirators permitted are those that have been approved by the Mine Safety and Health Admin (formerly Mining Enforcement & Safety Admin) or by the National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. In addition to respirator selection, a complete respiratory protection program should be instituted which includes regular training, maintenance, inspection, cleaning, and evaluation. /Soluble platinum salts/

Control can only be achieved by preventing the release of the soluble complex platinum salts to the atmosphere of the workshop. Good exhaust ventilation is necessary in platinum refineries. Chemical procedures which may generate these salts should be carried out in ventilated fume cupboards. Open centrifuges should not be used. Good personal hygiene is important. /Platinum compounds/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for PLATINUM (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness. Pain.

irritation skin, respiratory system; dermatitis

Platinum metal itself is not associated with any neurological diseases ... .

Clinical signs & symptoms of platinum exposure & toxicity via inhalation & dermal routes are those of classic allergic reactions & include irritation of the eyes & nose; cough, dyspnea, wheezing, & cyanosis; skin sensitization; & lymphocytosis.

Effects on human sperm motility were investigated ... Fresh sperm were incubated for up to5 hr in the presence of strips of platinum or other metals. Motility after 2 and 5 hr was 60 and 30%, respectively, compared to 10 and 0% for copper, 40 and 7% for silver, and 90 and 65% for gold.

Some workers may show ... allergic manifestations with involvement of the nasal mucosa, bronchi and skin. /Platinum cmpd/

Platinum wire inserted into the uterus of rats was reported to reduce the implantation of fertilized ova. An 83% reduction in the number of implantation sites in the affected uterine horn, compared to the unoperated horn, was found in rats unilaterally implanted on day 3. ... No effect /was found/ on embryonic or fetal survival if platinum wire was inserted after implantation on day 6.

... Normal fertility /was found/ in male rabbits with open tube gold/platinum devices inserted into the vas deferens. There was an initial decrease in sperm count and motility, but these parameters returned to normal after three weeks. At 117-426 days after insertion, 7 out of 9 animals were fertile in numerous matings.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/