염화수은(II)

Move container from fire area. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full body protective clothing.

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Mercuric Chloride Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to mercuric chloride may be severe and include increased salivation, foul breath, inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea. Dermal exposure may result in dermatitis (red, inflamed skin) and burns. Oliguria (scanty urination), anuria (suppression of urine formation), and acute renal failure may be noted. Weak pulse, seizures, psychic disturbances, circulatory collapse, chest pain, and dyspnea (shortness of breath) may be observed.

General First Aid:

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

0.02 [mg/m3], as Hg, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty). Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

Mercury spills should be cleaned up immediately by use of a special vacuum cleaner. Then the area should be washed with a dilute calcium sulfide solution. Small quantities of mercury can be picked up by mixing with copper metal granules. ... /Mercury/

Mercury removal from waste water can be accomplished by these processes: BMS process; Chlorine is added to the waste water, oxidizing any mercury present to the ionic state. The BMS adsorbent (an activated carbon concentrate of sulfur cmpd on its surface) is used to collect ionic mercury. The spent adsorbent is then distilled to recover the mercury, leaving a carbon residue for reuse or disposal. TMR IMAC Process; Waste water is fed into a reactor, whereby a slight excess of chlorine is maintained, oxidizing any mercury present to ionic mercury. The liquid is then passed through the TMR IMAC ion-exchange resin where mercury ions are adsorbed. The mercury is then stripped from the spent resin with hydrochloric acid solution. /Mercury cmpds/

SPILLED MERCURY CMPD OR SOLN CAN BE CLEANED UP BY ANY METHOD THAT DOES NOT CAUSE EXCESSIVE AIRBORNE CONTAMINATION OR SKIN CONTACT. /MERCURY COMPOUNDS/

1) Ventilate area of spill. 2) Collect spilled material for reclamation using commercially available mercury vapor depressants or specialized vacuum cleaners. /Inorganic mercury/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Recycling: Dissolve in water after converting soluble nitrate if the cmpd is not water-soluble. Adjust the pH and precipitate mercury as mercury sulfide. Wash and dry the precipitate and return to the suppliers. Recommendable methods: Solidification & landfill. Not recommendable methods: Thermal destruction, discharge to sewer, evaporation.

Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Preventative measure: adequate ventilation; careful attention to good housekeeping, e.g., avoidance of spills, and prompt and proper cleaning if a spill occurs; all containers of mercury and its compounds should be kept tightly closed; should be washed on a regular basis with dilute calcium sulfide solution or other suitable reactant; floors should be nonporous; all workers directly involved in the plant operation should shower thoroughly each day before leaving. /Mercury compounds/

EXPLANTS OF RAT CEREBRUM IN CULTURE WERE TREATED WITH TOXIC CONCN OF HGCL2 AND VARYING CONCN OF SODIUM SELENITE, RESULTING IN REDUCED NEUROTOXICITY OF HGCL2.

TOXICITIES OF COMBINATIONS OF PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE WITH MERCURIC CHLORIDE AND HEXACHLOROBENZENE WITH MERCURIC CHLORIDE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS WAS HIGHER THAN THE SUM OF THE TOXICITIES PRODUCED BY THE INDIVIDUAL DOSES.

ALPHA-MERCAPTO-BETA-(2-FURYL)ACRYLIC ACID (MFA) SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED LETHALITY OF MERCURIC CHLORIDE IN RATS (2.2 MG HG/KG, IP) WHEN ADMIN (25 MG/KG, ORALLY) AT 1, 24, 48 & 72 HR. DAILY ADMIN OF MFA (25 MG/KG, ORALLY) REDUCED LETHALITY OF DAILY INJECTION OF INCR AMT OF MERCURIC CHLORIDE (1 MG HG/KG X 7 DAYS, 2 MG HG/KG X 7 DAYS, 4 MG HG/KG X 14 DAYS, IP). MERCURY CONCN IN KIDNEYS OF MFA-TREATED RATS WAS HIGHER THAN IN CONTROLS, WHEREAS CONCN IN LIVER WAS (NONSIGNIFICANTLY) LOWER. ENHANCED MERCURY DEPOSITION IN KIDNEY AS MANIFESTATION OF ANTIDOTAL EFFECT IS NOT CHARACTERISTIC OF THIOL CHELATORS USED IN PRACTICE FOR MERCURY POISONING.

IN ANIMALS INJECTED WITH 31 MG/KG BODY WT DITHIOTHREITOL 60 MIN AFTER 3 MG/KG MERCURIC CHLORIDE INJECTION, URINE FLOW RATE & FRACTIONAL EXCRETION OF SOLUTES WERE REDUCED WITHIN 30 MIN TO VALUES INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN CONTROL & MERCURIC CHLORIDE-TREATED RATS. INJECTION OF MERCURIC CHLORIDE ALONE OR FOLLOWED BY DITHIOTHREITOL RESULTED IN CHANGES IN MEAN ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE OR GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. THERE WERE NO ALTERATIONS IN MERCURY DISTRIBUTION IN ORGANS OF RATS INJECTED WITH MERCURIC CHLORIDE ALONE OR PRIOR TO DITHIOTHREITOL. THESE STUDIES DEMONSTRATE THAT DITHIOTHREITOL CAN AMELIORATE RENAL TOXICITY OF MERCURY & SUGGEST THAT THIS EFFECT IS MEDIATED THROUGH INTRARENAL SITE OF ACTION.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for MERCURIC CHLORIDE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Mercury mainly affects the nervous system. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic, or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys, and developing fetus. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. Acrodynia, a type of mercury poisoning in children, is characterized by pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. Mercury poisoning can also cause Hunter-Russell syndrome and Minamata disease. (L7)

LC50 PHASIANUS COLCHICHUS (RING-NECKED PHEASANTS) ORAL 3790 PPM (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 2768-5541 PPM)

LC50 ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS (MALLARDS) ORAL MORE THAN 5000 PPM (NO MORTALITY TO 5000 PPM)

TLm Carassius auratus (goldfish) 0.82 ppm/7 days (fresh water) /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

TLm Penaeus duorarum (pink shrimp) 0.075 ppm/48 hr (salt water) /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for MERCURIC CHLORIDE (37 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Mercury adsorbed from mercuric chloride and 2-methoxy-ethylmercury chloride (Aretan) solutions by three contrasting soils showed a dependence on soil:solution ratio and initial mercury (Hg) concentration in soil solution. Changing the soil solution ratio from 1:10 to 1:100 but keeping the intitial concentration constant resulted in an increase in initial concentration on other hand, resulted in decrease in Hg adsorption. Upon manipulating of the pH of the surface soils, adsorption of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) at 100 mg Hg/l concentration increased from about 70 to over 95 mg Hg/kg when pH was raised from 5.0 to 8.0. Precipitation of Hg may also have contributed to this trend. Removal of organic matter from soil resulted in large reductions of Hg adsorbed, as much as 95% from the HgC12 solutions.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.

Oral (L7) ; inhalation (L7) ; dermal (L7)

High-affinity binding of the divalent mercuric ion to thiol or sulfhydryl groups of proteins is believed to be the major mechanism for the activity of mercury. Through alterations in intracellular thiol status, mercury can promote oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in heme metabolism. Mercury is known to bind to microsomal and mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in cell injury and death. For example, mercury is known to inhibit aquaporins, halting water flow across the cell membrane. It also inhibits the protein LCK, which causes decreased T-cell signalling and immune system depression. Mercury is also believed to inhibit neuronal excitability by acting on the postsynaptic neuronal membrane. It also affects the nervous system by inhibiting protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Mercury also produces an autoimmune response, likely by modification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, self peptides, T-cell receptors, or cell-surface adhesion molecules. (L7, A8, A25, A26)

The accumulation of mercury in plants increases with increasing soil mercury concn. Soil type has a considerable influence on this process with a high organic matter content decreasing the uptake(1). Generally, the highest concns of mercury are found at the roots, but translocation to other organs (e.g. leaves) occurs(1). In contrast to higher plants, mosses take up mercury via the atmosphere(1). In one study, 8 types of food were grown on soil amended with 4 or 20 mg/kg of mercuric chloride and later analyzed for uptake(1). Higher concns were found in the roots compared to the above-ground samples. At the highest treatment level, the mercury content of the roots ranged from 0.387 mg/kg for lettuce to 2.447 mg/kg for cauliflower(1). Spinach and radish tubers contained the highest concns of mercury(0.695 and 0.663 mg/kg respectively) in their edible portions.

Cough. Sore throat.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain. Blisters. Skin burns.

Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns.

Metallic taste. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Nausea. Abdominal pain. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse.

Common symptoms include peripheral neuropathy (presenting as paresthesia or itching, burning or pain), skin discoloration (pink cheeks, fingertips and toes), edema (swelling), and desquamation (dead skin peels off in layers). (A5)

D009; A solid waste containing mercury may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Mercury/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Mercuric chloride is included on this list.

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Mercuric chloride is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500/10,000 lbs.

Used as an antiseptic, disinfectant, veterinarian medication, and dry battery electrolyte; Used to stain and preserve wood, embalm tissues, develop photos, print fabrics, tan leather, treat furs, electroplate aluminum, etch steel, and separate gold from lead; Used in the past as an insecticide/fungicide and a catalyst to produce vinyl chloride; [HSDB] Used in photography (platinum toner and intensifier); [www.ci.tucson.az.us/arthazards/medium.html]

Aluminum Producing [Category: Industry]

For Mercuric Chloride (USEPA/OPP PC Code: 052001) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S./

Preserving wood and anatomical specimens; embalming; browning and etching steel and iron; intensifier in photography; white reserve in fabric printing; tanning leather; depolarizer for dry batteries; electroplating aluminum; mordant for rabbit and beaver furs; mfr ink for mercurography; reagent in analytical chemistry; mfr of other Hg compounds; for freeing gold from lead; in magic photograms; staining wood and vegetable ivory pink; medication: topical antiseptic, disinfectant; medications (vet): caustic, antiseptic, disinfectant

SOLUTIONS USED AS DIP FOR BULBS & TUBERS, INCLUDING SEED POTATOES, ON GREENHOUSE BEDS FOR EARTHWORM CONTROL, & ON FIRE BLIGHT CANKERS OF QUINCE TREES. ALSO USED AS REPELLENT TO ANTS, ROACHES, & TERMITES.

Dry battery cases

(1977) 5.06X10+5 G

(1982) 8.18X10+6 G

Mercury is oxidized with chlorine in heated retorts; the reaction is carried out with the appearance of flame at >300 °C. The escaping sublimate vapor is condensed in cooled receivers, where it settles as fine crystals.

Mercury chloride can also be prepared from other compounds. Mercury(II) sulfate is heated in the dry state with sodium chloride, and the evolving mercury(II) chloride vapor is condensed to a solid in a receiver. A warm sublimate solution is obtained from the reaction of mercury(ii) oxide and a stoichiometric amount of hydrochloric acid; the chloride separates as crystals on cooling.

BLENDED WITH CALOMEL AS TURF FUNGICIDE (AS IN CALO-CLOR, CALOCURE, FUNGCHEX).

... WETTABLE POWDER (MIXTURE WITH MERCUROUS CHLORIDE); DUST (MIXTURE WITH MERCUROUS CHLORIDE & MALACHITE GREEN).

Technical; crystals; granular; powder; CP; NF

Grade or Purity: Reagent; Analytical

Mercury chloride (HgCl2): ACTIVE

Method of purification: recrystallization and sublimation

The development of mercurial fungicides was an outgrowth of the usefulness of mercuric chloride as a bactericide. Mercuric chloride was 1st tested as a seed treatment on cereals ... in 1915 ... /which/ paved the way for the concept of protective seed dressings ... However, the very poisonous nature of mercuric chloride prevented its widespread use until /the introduction of/ ... an organic mercurial, "chlorphenol mercury" in 1915, for use as a liquid seed disinfectant. From that time on, a succession of organic mercurials of varying chemical structures have been marketed ... /About 1930/ slurry treatments became popular with the introduction ... of a new type of organic mercurial, represented by methoxyethylmercury chloride, developed for use as a slurry treatment or its corresponding silicate used as a dry seed treatment.