차아염소산 칼슘

가르끼 · 고도표백분 · 로잔틴 · 염화석회 · 칼키ChlorinatedLime · 클로로가르끼 · 표백액 · B-K분말

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식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.	7778-54-3
분자식	Ca(ClO)2
평균 분자량	142.98 g/mol
단동위원소 질량	141.89012558 g/mol
SMILES	[Ca+2].[O-]Cl.[O-]Cl
InChIKey	ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID	24504
ChEMBL	CHEMBL2251447
ChEBI	CHEBI:31342
EC No.	231-908-7
DTXSID	DTXSID1029700
현지명	차아염소산 칼슘

화학 및 물리적 성질

극성 표면적	46.1
수소 결합 공여자 수	0
수소 결합 수용자 수	2
회전 가능 결합 수	0
무거운 원자 수	5
형식 전하	0
복잡도	2
물질 분류	Other Classes -> Inorganic Oxidizing AgentsReactive agents - 1st degree
냄새	Strong chlorine odor염소 같은 냄새
밀도	2.350 g/cu cm2.35 g/cm³2.35 @25 °C2.35 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Color/Form	PowderWHITE GRANULES OR PELLETSWhite crystalline solid
용해도	21% in water at 25 °CSolubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 21200g/l(분해)
Corrosivity	0.001 mm ASTM grade 2 titanium/yr at 6 wt% and 100 °C /From table/
끓는 점	Decomposes at 100 °C
Decomposition	The 70% grade may decomp violently if exposed to heat or direct sunlight. Gives off chlorine and chlorine monoxide above 350 °F (poisonous gases).It will chemically decompose at temperatures above 212 °F to release chlorine and oxygen gas.Dangerouswhen heated to decomposition ... it emits highly toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and explodes.Decomposes at 100 °C
녹는점	100 °C100 °C(lit.)
Food Contact Substances	FCS -> FDA Cumulative Estimated Daily Intake (CEDI)FCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFRFCS -> FDA Inventory of Effective Food Contact Substance (FCS) Notifications
굴절률	Index of refraction: 1.545 (alpha)1.69 (beta)
Physical Description	Obtained by saturating calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) with chlorine.Calcium hypochlorite appears as a white granular solid (or tablets compressed from the granules) with an odor of chlorine. Toxic, irritating to the skin. Noncombustible, but will accelerate the burning of combustible materials. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in the vigorous decomposition of the material and rupture of the container. Diluted samples may undergo reactions as described above if they contain less than 39% available chlorine but take longer to become involved and react less vigorously. Used for water purification, disinfectant for swimming pools, for bleaching paper and textiles.Dry PowderWhite solid granules with the odor of household bleaching powder[CHRIS]WHITE SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.
저장 조건	Store at +15°C to +25°C.
물리적 상태	플레이크 크리스탈
비중	2.35
색상	흰색에서 황백색 또는 희미한 녹색
용해도	200g/L(20℃)(dec.)
Merck	14,1674
유전율	2.3(Ambient)
안정성	안정성 강산화제 - 가연성 물질과 접촉하면 화재가 발생할 수 있습니다. 물, 환원제, 가연성 물질, 페놀과 혼합되지 않습니다.
화장품 원료 기능	항균
InChI	1S/Ca.2ClO/c21-2/q+22-1
InChIKey	ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	ClO[Ca]OCl
EPA	Calcium hypochlorite (7778-54-3)

화학적 성질

Calcium hypochlorite, Ca(OCl)2.4H20, also known as calcium oxychloride, chlorinated lime, and bleach, is a deliquescent white powder used as a bleaching agent in the textile and pulp industries and as a disinfectant. It contains 60 to 65% available chlorine,

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류	DangerH272: May intensify fireoxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquidsOxidizing solids]P210, P220, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H271 (12%): May cause fire or explosionstrong Oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquidsP210, P220, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P283, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P306+P360, P316, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P371+P380+P375, P391, P405, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
규제 정보	Chemical: Hypochlorous acid, calcium saltHypochlorous acid, calcium salt (2:1) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt (2:1) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: No longer Valid Update: 15-08-2013 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/1611Calcium hypochlorite, hydrated, with not less than 5.5% but not more than 16% water: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
기타 안전 정보	IMAP assessments - Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt: Human health tier II assessment
운송 라벨(DOT)	Oxidizer
화재 위험	Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:CAUTION: Ammonium nitrate products may explode if involved in fire or contaminated with hydrocarbons (fuels), organic matter, other contaminants or when hot molten and contained. Treat as an explosive (GUIDE 112).
화재 가능성	Contact with combustible materials will increase fire hazard. May undergo accelerated decomposition with release of heat above 350 °F (177 °C). /Calcium hypochlorite, dry, or calcium hypochlorite, mixtures, dry/Contact of solid hypochlorite with glycerol, digol monomethyl ether, or phenol causes ignition within few minutes, accompanied by irritant smoke, particularly with phenol (formation of chlorophenols).

용도

개요

Calcium hypochlorite, is an oxysalt; it is a crystalline solid and an oxidizer that decomposes at 212°F (100°C). Calcium hypochlorite is a dangerous fire risk in contact with organic materials. It is also a common swimming pool chlorinator and decomposes in contact with water, releasing chlorine into the water. If a container of calcium hypochlorite becomes wet in storage, the result can be an exothermic reaction. If combustible materials are present, a fire may occur. The chlorine in the compound will be released by contact with the water and will then accelerate the combustion process. The four-digit UN identification number for dry mixtures with not less than 39% available chlorine (8.8% oxygen) is 1748; hydrated with not less than 5.5% and not more than 10% water, the number is 2880; mixtures that are dry, with not less than 10% but not more than 39% available chlorine, are numbered as 2208. The NFPA 704 designation for calcium hypochlorite is health 3, flammability 0, and reactivity 1. The white section at the bottom of the diamond has the prefix “oxy,” indicating an oxidizer. The primary uses are as a bleaching agent, a swimming pool disinfectant, a fungicide, in potable-water purification, and as a deodorant.

용도

Bleaching powder is actually a mixture of calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2) and the basic chloride CaCl2, H2O with some slaked lime, Ca(OH)2. The product is generally called “bleaching powder”. It consists of a mixture of calcium chloride (CaCl2), calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2), and calcium chloride hypochlorite (CaCl(OCl)). Ca(ClO)2 is used in industrial wastewater treatment, sanitation and cleaning, epidemic prevention and household sanitation facilities, as well as for disinfection and sterilization of swimming pools, drinking water, cleaning vegetables, and sanitizing fishponds. Calcium hypochlorite has been used for bleaching of cotton, hemp, fiber, pulp and starch, disinfection of surfaces, and as a sterilant for water treatment. It has also been proposed as a solid fire extinguisher.

일반 설명

Calcium hypochlorite, hydrated is a white granular solid or tablets compressed from the granules having an odor of chlorine. Calcium hypochlorite is noncombustible, but Calcium hypochlorite will accelerate the burning of combustible materials. Calcium hypochlorite is decomposed by water with evolution of chlorine gas and heat. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in the vigorous decomposition of the material and rupture of the container. Material containing less than 39% available chlorine may undergo reactions as described above though Calcium hypochlorite may take longer to initiate, and the resulting reactions may not be as vigorous. Calcium hypochlorite is used for water purification, disinfectant for swimming pools, for bleaching paper and textiles, and for many other uses.

제조 및 합성 방법

제조 방법

Calcium hypochlorite is manufactured by two main processes, the socalled “calcium process” and the “sodium process”. These are essentially the same as described for the Mg(ClO)2 salt method given above except that a sodium hypochlorite salt is used in one case and a calcium chloride salt in the other. The products are nearly the same. Calcium hypochlorite is manufactured by the calcium process: 2Ca(OH)2＋2Cl2→Ca(ClO)2＋CaCl2＋2H2O In another method developed for the manufacture of Ca(ClO)2, chlorine gas is reacted with calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2＋ 2Cl2→Ca(ClO)2＋ 2HCl In this method, it is claimed that the excess HCl is neutralized by excess Ca(OH)2 to form CaCl2. The product is said to be more “neutral” chemically and more stable than that produced by other methods.