수소화나트륨
나트륨수화물 · 수소화나트륨 · 나트륨수화물(SODIUMHYDRIDE) · 소듐 하이드라이드 · NAH · Sodium Hydride, 60% oil · QHN · Sodium hydride (NaH)
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 7646-69-7 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | HNa |
| 평균 분자량 | 23.9977 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 23.99759431 g/mol |
| SMILES | [H-].[Na+] |
| InChIKey | BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 24758 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID90893680 |
| 현지명 | 수소화나트륨 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| 극성 표면적 | 0 |
|---|---|
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 0 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 1 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 0 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 1 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 0 |
| 녹는점 | 800 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
| 밀도 | 1.2 |
| 인화점 | 185°C |
| 저장 조건 | Store below +30°C. |
| 용해도 | 용융 나트륨에 용해됩니다. 암모니아, 벤젠, 사염화탄소, 이황화탄소 및 모든 유기 용매에 용해되지 않습니다. |
| 물리적 상태 | 가루 |
| 색상 | 흰색에서 옅은 회색까지 |
| 용해도 | 물과 반응 |
| 비열 | Cp(crystal): 1.52 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,8625 |
| InChI | InChI=1S/Na.H |
| InChIKey | MPMYQQHEHYDOCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [NaH] |
| NIST | Sodium hydride(7646-69-7) |
| EPA | Sodium hydride (NaH) (7646-69-7) |
화학적 성질
Grey solid. Pure sodium hydride forms colorless cubic crystals; however, the commercial product contains traces of sodium metal, giving it a light gray color. At atmospheric pressure, sodium hydride slowly evolves hydrogen above 300 ℃. At 420 ℃ decomposition is rapid but melting does not take place. Sodium hydride is a salt and therefore insoluble in inert organic solvents. It dissolves in molten sodium hydroxide, in sodium – potassium alloys and in molten LiCl – KCl eutectic mixtures (352 ℃). Sodium hydride is stable in dry air but ignites above 230 ℃, burning to form sodium oxide. It is hydrolyzed rapidly in moist air and as a dry powder it is spontaneously flammable. Sodium hydride reacts extremely violently with water, the heat of hydrolysis being sufficient to ignite the liberated hydrogen. It reacts with carbon dioxide to form sodium formate.
안전 및 규제
| CSL Reaction Information | CSL00007N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE + SODIUM HYDRIDEThermal runaway reaction already at temperatures > 40°CDeprotonationC&EN6/29/18 |
|---|---|
| 수질 위해 등급(WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA 등재 상태 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 번호 | WB3910000 |
| 운송 번호(UN) | UN 1427 |
| 관세 코드 | 28500090 |
| 위험 문구(R) | 15-36-35-11 |
| 위험 표시 | F,C |
| 안전 문구(S) | 26-43-7/8-43A-24/25-7-60-22-45-37/39-16 |
| 포장분류 | I |
| 위험 등급 | 4.3Eye Dam. 1Flam. Sol. 1Met. Corr. 1Skin Corr. 1AWater-react 1 |
| 기존화학 물질 | KE-31467 |
| F 고인화성물질 | 10-21 |
| 저장 분류 | 4.3 - Hazardous materials which set free flammable gases upon contact with water |
| 유해 물질 데이터 | 7646-69-7(Hazardous Substances Data) |
용도
용도
금속 염화물의 환원제로서, 또 유기 합성에서의 환원제, 수소 첨가제, 축합제로 사용된다.
개요
Sodium hydride, is a binary salt that has a specific hazard of releasing hydrogen upon contact with water. It is an odorless powder that is violently water reactive. The four-digit UN identification number is 1427. The NFPA 704 designation is health 3, flammability 3, and reactivity 2. The white space at the bottom of the diamond has a W with a slash through it, indicating water reactivity.
용도
Sodium hydride is used to enhance the condensation reactions of carbonyl compounds through the Dieckmann condensation, Stobbe condensation, Darzens condensation and Claisen condensation. It acts as a reducing agent used to prepare diborane from boron trifluoride. It is also used in fuel cell vehicles. Further, it is used to dry some organic solvents. In addition to this, it is involved in the preparation of sulfur ylides, which is utilized for the conversion of ketones into epoxides.
일반 설명
A silvery to whitish powder or slurry in oil. Used to make other chemicals.
제조 및 합성 방법
생산 방법
Sodium hydride, reactive with water yielding hydrogen gas and NaOH solution, formed by reaction of sodium and hydrogen at about 360 °C (680 °F). Used as a powerful reducing agent.