트리클로로실란

Excerpt from ERG Guide 139 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)]:

NO water. Use AFFF, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give nothing to drink. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

INHALATION: remove victim from exposure; if breathing is difficult or stopped, give artificial respiration; call physician.

General First Aid:

... Corrosive ... May accumulate static electricity. Water reactive ... Hydrochloric acid is released.

Difficult to extinguish; reignition may occur. Flashback along vapor trail may occur.

The vapor is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.

Reacts violently with fire extinguishing agents such as water.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Do not use halocarbons. Dry powders and carbon dioxide may be ineffective. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products. Material is reactive with water but can be extinguished with a 6% solution in water of medium expansion foam. Use water spray to keep fire exposed containers cool. For small fires use copious quantities of water as spray to react with chlorosilane.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame - consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius.

No water. Aqueous film forming foams (AFFF), powder, carbon dioxide ... Cool drums, etc, by spraying with water but avoid contact of the substance with water.

Fireproof. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials ... Cool. Dry. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor.

Separate from water, alcohols, organic acids, peroxides, amines, and oxidizing materials. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Store away from heat, oxidizing materials, and sunlight. Must be stored in a dry location. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquids storage warehouse, room, or cabinet.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible; do not use plastic containers. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Do NOT wash away into sewer. (Extra personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.)

Eliminate all ignition sources. Approach release from upwind. Keep water away from release. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary. May ignite spontaneously in insulating materials (absorbent materials) depending on size of piles. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: All silicon chlorides are immediately and completely hydrolyzed by water(1); trichlorosilane has been reported to hydrolyze in water releasing hydrochloric acid(2). Due to the hydrolysis of trichlorosilane, adsorption to soil is not expected to be important fate process(SRC). Trichlorosilane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 594 mm Hg(3).

AQUATIC FATE: All silicon chlorides are immediately and completely hydrolyzed by water(1) and trichlorosilane has been reported to hydrolyze in water releasing hydrochloric acid(2). Due to the hydrolysis of trichlorosilane, volatilization, biodegradation and bioaccumulation are not expected to be important fate process(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), trichlorosilane, which has a vapor pressure of 594 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: In the trophosphere, the ultimate fate of chlorosilane is probably determined by hydrolysis of the silicon-chlorine bonds in water droplets. /Chlorosilanes/

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: In arid regions, some transport of chlorosilanes to the stratosphere might occur. In the stratosphere, photolysis by short wavelength light is expected. /Chlorosilanes/

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain. Blisters. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation causes severe irritation of respiratory system. Liquid causes severe burns of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes severe burns of mouth and stomach.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... /Trichlorosilane/ is a lachrymator ...

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Trichlorosilane/ is corrosive to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of its vapor may cause lung edema ... Inhalation ... may cause asthma-like reactions. Exposure may result in death ... The symptoms of lung edema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort ...

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ACUTE ... SYMPTOMS: Inhalation--Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Labored breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed ... Skin--Redness. Pain. Blisters. Skin burns; Eyes--Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns; Ingestion--Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

All silicon chlorides are immediately and completely hydrolyzed by water(1) and trichlorosilane has been reported to hydrolyze in water, releasing hydrochloric acid(2). Trichlorosilane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 594 mm Hg(3).

The high volatility of /chlorosilanes/ suggests that they will move freely into the atmosphere. /Chlorosilanes/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ All these cmpd, even in very low doses ... caused severe burns of cornea and eyelids. ... /After/ application to the skin of the rabbit the region attacked by chlorosilanes blanches and then blisters appear ... /Chlorosilanes/[Lefaux, R. Practical Toxicology of Plastics. Cleveland: CRC Press Inc., 1968., p. 109]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Tests by application of a drop to rabbit eyes have been made on tetrachlorosilane, dichloridimethyl silane, dichlorodiethylsilane, methyltrichlorosilane, & ethyl trichlorosilane. All the chlorosilanes were found to cause severe damage of the cornea & lids. More severe damage was caused by the alkylchlorosilanes than by tetrachlorosilane (silicone tetrachloride). The principal danger is from splash contamination. /Chlorosilanes/[Grant, W.M. Toxicology of the Eye. 3rd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1986., p. 224]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The acute inhalation toxicity of 10 chlorosilanes was investigated in Fischer 344 rats using a 1-hr whole-body vapor inhalation exposure and a 14-day recovery period. The median lethal concentration (LC50(1)) for each material was calculated from the nominal exposure concentrations and mortality. Experimentally derived LC50(1) values for monochlorosilanes (4257-4478 ppm) were greater than those for dichlorosilanes (1785-2092 ppm), which were greater than those for trichlorosilanes (1257-1611 ppm). Apparent was a strong structure-activity relationship (r2 = .97) between chlorine content and LC50(1) value. Estimated LC50(1) values for mono-, di-, and trichlorosilanes were determined to be 3262, 1639, and 1066 ppm, respectively, utilizing this relationship and the lower limit of the 95% prediction interval. The LC50(1) values determined in this series of studies were greater than that reported for hydrogen chloride (3124 ppm), when expressed on a chlorine equivalence basis (3570-5248 ppm), demonstrating that the acute toxicity of these chlorosilanes is similar to or less than that for hydrogen chloride.[Jean PA et al; Inhal Toxicol 18 (8): 515-22 (2006)]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ... Groups of male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for a total of 9 exposures to concentrations of ... 0, 25, 50, or 100 ppm trichlorosilane (TCS). ... Exposure to TCS led to pneumonitis and alveolar histiocytosis in the 50 ppm and higher groups, and in the 100 ppm animals, 75% mortality. All treatment groups showed respiratory irritation, body weight reduction and increased lung weights.[EPA/OTS; Doc #89-900000005]

/GENOTOXICITY/ Ames test /in/ Salmonella typhimurium, /using trichlorosilane at/ 0.5, 5, 100, 500 uL/plate, with and without metabolic activation, /showed/ negative results.[European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, Trichlorosilane (10025-78-2) (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 16, 2006: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/]

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of trichlorosilane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.5X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 36 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). All silicon chlorides are immediately and completely hydrolyzed by water(2) and trichlorosilane has been reported to hydrolyze in water releasing hydrochloric acid(3). Methyl silanes are transparent to UV radiation >290 nm(4) and therefore methyltrichlorosilane is not expected to undergo direct photolytic degradation(SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2,201 workers (267 of these are female) are potentially exposed to trichlorosilane in the US(1). Occupational exposure to trichlorosilane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where trichlorosilane is produced or used(SRC).

Trichlorosilane

1

10000

A Commercial Grade

A Placarded Amount

Flammable chemical that can be released at a facility.