p-페닐페놀

Log Kow = 3.20

3.33

1.27 kg/l @ 25 °C

1.27 @25 °C

NEARLY WHITE CRYSTALS

NEEDLES OR PLATES FROM DILUTE ALCOHOL

White flakes

SLIGHTLY SOL IN PETROLEUM ETHER; VERY SOL IN ALCOHOL, ETHER, CHLOROFORM & PYRIMIDINE

SOL IN ALCOHOL, ALSO IN ALKALIES & MOST ORGANIC SOLVENTS; INSOLUBLE IN WATER

Soluble in oxygenated solvents.

Water solubility = 56.2 mg/l

165.5 °C

330 °F

Warning

H315 (98.4%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 124 reports by companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-ol

[1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-ol is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-ol are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Cease Manufacture Update: 29-05-2013 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/11340

[1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-ol: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4-ol is included on this list.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

0.49 [mg/m3]

5.4 [mg/m3]

32 [mg/m3]

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1300(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-hydroxybiphenyl will have low mobility in soil(SRC). Based on limited data, 4-hydroxybiphenyl may be resistant to biodegradation under aerobic conditions(SRC). 4-Hydroxybiphenyl at 30 mg/L was inoculated with activated sludge; over 4 weeks, 0% of the theoretical BOD was obtained(4). A pure Pseudomonas culture, however, was able to utilize 4-hydroxybiphenyl as a sole carbon source(5). 4-Hydroxybiphenyl's values for vapor pressure(6) and Henry's Law constant(7,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces is not likely to be a major fate process for this compound(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1300(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-hydroxybiphenyl may adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC) in the water column. Based on limited data, 4-hydroxybiphenyl may be resistant to biodegradation under aerobic conditions(SRC). 4-Hydroxybiphenyl at 30 mg/l was inoculated with activated sludge; over 4 weeks, 0% of the theoretical BOD was obtained(4). A pure Pseudomonas culture, however, was able to utilize 4-hydroxybiphenyl as a sole carbon source(5). 4-Hydroxybiphenyl is not expected to volatilize from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(6). BCF values of 30-57, measured in orange-red killifish(4), suggest that 4-hydroxybiphenyl will bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a suggested classification scheme(1), an estimated vapor pressure of 1.8X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC) indicates that 4-hydroxybiphenyl will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 4-hydroxybiphenyl is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 6 hours(3,SRC). Particulate-phase 4-hydroxybiphenyl may be physically removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

The Koc of 4-hydroxybiphenyl is estimated as approximately 1300(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 3.20(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 4-hydroxybiphenyl has low mobility in soil(SRC).

4-Hydroxybiphenyl at 30 mg/L was inoculated with activated sludge; over 4 weeks, 0% of the theoretical BOD was obtained(1), indicating that this compound is resistant to biodegradation in this system(SRC). A Pseudomonas strain, isolated by enrichment culture from activated sludge, was able to utilize 4-hydroxybiphewnyl as the sole carbon source(2) while a pure Alcaligenes culture, isolated from soil, was not(4).

Measured BCF values of 30-48 and 39-57 were determined in orange-red killifish following a 48 hour exposure period to 2 and 20 ug/L 4-hydroxybiphenyl, respectively(1). According to a recommended classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate, not high(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 4-hydroxybiphenyl is estimated as 5.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This value indicates that 4-hydroxybiphenyl will be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2,SRC). 4-Hydroxybiphenyl's values for vapor pressure(3) and Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces is not likely to be a major fate process for this compound(SRC).

IN RATS, 2-HYDROXYBIPHENYL HAD A GREATER INDUCING EFFECT ON THE ACTIVITY OF ANILINE HYDROXYLASE & AMINOPYRINE N-DEMETHYLASE THAN DID 4-HYDROXYBIPHENYL.

4-HYDROXYBIPHENYL & 2-HYDROXYBIPHENYL WERE TOXIC IN VITRO TO PTYCHODISCUS BREVIS, WITH THE 4-HYDROXY DERIVATIVE BEING SLIGHTLY MORE EFFECTIVE IN INDUCING LYSIS OF THE RED TIDE ORGANISM.

IN VITRO METAB OF P-NITROANISOLE, AMINOPYRINE & ANILINE BY RAT LIVER MICROSOMAL MONOXYGENASES WERE STUDIED, 4-OH-BIPHENYL CAUSED COMPETITIVE INHIBITION OF AMINOPYRINE DEMETHYLATION & ANILINE HYDROXYLATION BUT FAILED TO INHIBIT P-NITROANISOLE METAB BY NORMAL MICROSOMES.

MUTAGENICITY OF DIPHENYL & ITS 15 DERIV WAS EXAM BY MEANS OF DNA REPAIR TEST WITH E COLI WP2, WP2 UVRA, CM571 & WP100 & REVERSION TEST WITH S TYPHIMURIUM TA98 & TA100. P-PHENYL-PHENOL WAS NONMUTAGENIC.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 4-HYDROXYBIPHENYL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4-ol is included on this list.

The cytotoxic effects of biphenyl (BP) and its hydroxylated derivatives, o-phenylphenol (OPP), m-phenylphenol (MPP) and p-phenylphenol PPP) ... were investigated in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. OPP, MPP and PPP, at concn of 0.75 mM, resulted in the loss of intracellular ATP, glutathione (GSH) and protein thiols, causing cell death. OPP epoxide and BP were less toxic than the OPP isomers. MPP or PPP compared with OPP caused serious impairments in oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria isolated from rat liver. ... These results indicate that the addition of a hydroxyl group to the aromatic ring of BP enhances BP induced cytotoxicity and that the mitochondria are a common target of OPP isomers and other BP derivatives. In addition, the para- or meta-hydroxyl groups rather than the ortho-hyroxyl group incr the toxicity. ...

RAT OR RABBIT LIVER HOMOGENATE OR MICROSOMES FORMED AS THE ONLY METABOLITE 4-HYDROXYBIPHENYL. THIS WAS ALSO THE ONLY SIGINIFICANT BIPHENYL METABOLITE IN ACID-HYDROLYZED RATS URINE.

BIPHENYL 2- & 4-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITIES & CYTOCHROME P450 CONCN IN MICROSOMES WERE INCR BY ORAL DOSES OF LESS THAN 1 UG TCDD (2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN, A CONTAMINANT OF HERBICIDE 2,4,5-T)/KG.

THE ORDER OF PREFERENCE FOR POSITION OF HYDROXYLATION OF BIPHENYL BY LIVER MICROSOMES OF RATS, RABBITS, & GUINEA PIGS WAS 4-, 3-, 2-. AFTER FEEDING BIPHENYL TO RABBITS & MICE, GLUCURONIDES OF HYDROXYLATED METABOLITES WERE FOUND IN THE URINE.

4-HYDROXYBIPHENYL & 2-HYDROXYBIPHENYL CAN EXIST IN NATURE AS FUNGAL METABOLITES OF BIPHENYL.

For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for 4-HYDROXYBIPHENYL (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

4-Phenylphenol has known human metabolites that include (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(4-phenylphenoxy)oxane-2-carboxylic acid.

Used in rubber chemicals, fungicides, and in the production of dyes, varnish resins, and nonionogenic emulsifiers; [HSDB]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

AS INTERMEDIATE IN MFR OF RESINS; ALSO IN RUBBER INDUSTRY

INTERMEDIATE FOR DYES AND RESINS; RUBBER CHEMICALS; LABORATORY REAGENT; FUNGICIDE

Derivatives: bitertanol; phenolic resins, oil-soluble, non oil-reactive; phenolic resins, oil-soluble, oil-reactive

4-Hydroxybiphenyl is an intermediate for the production of varnish resins and nonionogenic emulsifiers which are used in the plant protection, polyurethane, and dyeing sectors.

FROM REACTION OF CHLOROBENZENE & CAUSTIC SODA SOLN @ ELEVATED TEMP & PRESSURE.

Biphenyl (sulphonation/alkali fusion; coproduced with o-phenylphenol)

Chlorobenzene (arylation/base-catalysed hydrolysis; coproduced with o-phenylphenol)

The alkaline fusion of arenesulfonic acid salts to yield phenols is used for the commercial manufacture of a variety of phenolic compounds including...4-hydroxybiphenyl...

4-Hydroxybiphenyl is formed alongside 2-hydroxybiphenyl as a byproduct in the alkaline pressure hydrolysis of chlorobenzene to phenol in 5-6% yield. The mixture consists of 2/3 ortho and 1/3 para isomer which can be separated by fractional distillation. 4-Hydroxybiphenyl can also be produced by sulfonation of biphenyl and alkaline fusion of the para-biphenylsulfonic acid.

Transportation Equipment Manufacturing

[1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-ol: ACTIVE