O=S(Cl)Cl.[Cl:5][CH2:6][CH2:7][CH2:8][C:9]([OH:11])=[O:10].[CH3:12][CH2:13]O>>[CH2:12]([O:10][C:9](=[O:11])[CH2:8][CH2:7][CH2:6][Cl:5])[CH3:13]SOCl2 (60.0 mL, 820 mmol) was added to a solution of 4-chloro-butyric acid (50.0 g, 410 mmol) in EtOH (1.2 L) at 0° C. The mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hr then cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude 4-chloro-butyric acid ethyl ester.
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