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Fucosyltransferase assays. Cell extracts containing 1% Triton X-100 were prepared from transfected COS-1 cells. Fucosyltransferase assays were performed in a total volume of 20μl, and contained 50 mM sodium cacodylate, pH 6.2, 5 mM ATP, 10 mM fucose, 20 mM MnCl 2, 3 μM GDP-14C-fucose, and 5μl (30μg protein) of cell extract. Acceptor substrates were added to a final concentration of 20 mM. Reactions were incubated at 37° C. for 1 hour and terminated by addition of 20 μl ethanol, followed by addition of 600μl of distilled water. An aliquot of each reaction (50μl) was subjected to scintillation counting to determine total radioactivity in the reaction. Another aliquot (200μl) was applied to a column containing 400μl of Dowex IX2-400, formate form. The flow through fraction, and 2μl of a subsequent water elution, were collected and pooled, and an aliquot was subjected to scintillation counting to quantitate incorporation of radioactive fucose into neutral product. Descending paper chromatography was used to confirm the structure of the product formed with the acceptor N-acetyllactosamine. The neutral product in the Dowex column eluate was concentrated by lyophilization, resuspended in a small volume of water, and fractionated through Whatman No. 40 in phenol/isopropanol/ formic acid/water (85:5:10:100, lower layer). After chromatography (40 hours), the air-dried chromatogram was cut into 1 cm strips and the strips eluted into 2 Eel of water. Radioactivity in each eluate was determined by scintillation counting after mixing with 10 Eel of scintillation cocktail.

1. customwere prepared
2. extractionextract
3. additionAcceptor substrates were added to a final concentration of 20 mM
4. customterminated by addition of 20 μl ethanol
5. additionfollowed by addition of 600μl of distilled water
6. customAn aliquot of each reaction (50μl)
7. customin the reaction
8. washThe flow through fraction, and 2μl of a subsequent water elution
9. customwere collected