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Chemicals. The preparations of (E,E,E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), and ent- and syn-copalyl diphosphate (CPP), and syn-stemarene have been previously described. (Mohan et al. 1996). Stemodene standards were derived from a 1.5:1 mixture (ca. 5 mg) of synthetic racemic exo- and endo-stemodenes, kindly provided by Jim White. (White et al. 1994). This was fractionated by flash chromatography on a silica gel column (1 cm×10 cm) using pentane and the later eluting fractions (enriched for the exo isomer) were pooled and concentrated under nitrogen to yield ˜2 mg exo-stemodene (˜85% purity by GC analysis). Unless otherwise noted, chemicals were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK) and molecular biology reagents from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, Calif., USA).

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