反应详情

To a mixture of 3.00 mL (28.0 mmoles) of isovaleraldehyde and 3.00 mL (28.1 mmoles) of ethyl cyanoacetate in 4.0 mL of glacial acetic acid was added a solution of 0.10 mL of piperidine in 1.0 mL of glacial acetic acid. This mixture was subsequently stirred at room temperature for 18 hours, after which the product was isolated by diluting the mixture with 50 mL of 10% aqueous sodium chloride and extraction with ether. The combined extracts were washed thoroughly with 50 mL portions of 10% aqueous NaCl, followed by washes with 50 mL of 1:1 (v/v) 1M aqueous NaOH:saturated brine and saturated brine. The organic extracts were then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and subsequently filtered. Removal of the ether by evaporation at reduced pressure, followed by distillation, afforded 3.91 g (77% yield) of cyanoester 5: bp 78°-90° C. (bath temperature, 0.07 mm).

1. customafter which the product was isolated
2. additionby diluting the mixture
3. extractionwith 50 mL of 10% aqueous sodium chloride and extraction with ether
4. washThe combined extracts were washed thoroughly with 50 mL portions of 10% aqueous NaCl
5. dry with materialThe organic extracts were then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate
6. filtrationsubsequently filtered
7. customRemoval of the ether
8. customby evaporation at reduced pressure
9. distillationfollowed by distillation