反应详情

温度

250 °C

A 200-milliliter 3-necked round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, and argon inlet was purged with argon and then charged with 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (5.1 grams, 0.02 mol), 3-iodotoluene (8.69 grams, 0.04 mol), copper sulfate pentahydrate (0.25 gram, 1.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (5.52 grams, 0.04 mol), and n-tridecane (5.0 milliliters). Under an argon atmosphere, the reaction mixture was heated to about 250° C. with a heating mantle and allowed to proceed at this temperature to completion in about 6 hours. The mixture was cooled to about 100° C., and 100 milliliters of toluene and 15 milliliters of water were then added with vigorous stirring. The resulting two phase mixture was transferred into a separatory funnel and the layers separated. The organic phase, which contained the desired product, was washed with water, and treated with 25 grams of alumina under an argon atmosphere, and filtered. The filtrate was then evaporated and the residue was recrystallized from cyclohexane to provide 6.8 grams of pure, about 99.9 percent, 5,11-di-m-tolyl-5,11-dihydroindolo-[3,2-b]carbazole (1).

1. customA 200-milliliter 3-necked round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer
2. temperaturereflux condenser, and argon inlet
3. customwas purged with argon
4. temperatureThe mixture was cooled to about 100° C.
5. customThe resulting two phase mixture was transferred into a separatory funnel
6. customthe layers separated
7. washwas washed with water
8. additiontreated with 25 grams of alumina under an argon atmosphere
9. filtrationfiltered
10. customThe filtrate was then evaporated
11. customthe residue was recrystallized from cyclohexane