Nitric Acid → 1-Nitroanthraquinone

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Thus, for example, a process for the nitration of anthraquinone in sulphuric acid by means of nitric acid is known from German Offenlegungsschrift (German Published Specification) 2,039,822. Even using the best embodiment of this process, the crude product must be purified by washing with acid amides, for example dimethylformamide. 95-96% pure 1-nitroanthraquinone is obtained in 42% yield. A disadvantage of this process is that organic solvents are used, the recovery of which, in special apparatuses, is difficult and expensive, solvent losses being unavoidable.

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