反应详情

温度

2 °C

A suspension of 2-hydroxy-6-methylnicotinonitrile (16.5 g) in acetic anhydride (60 mL) was stirred and cooled in an ice-salt bath. Separately, acetic anhydride (16 mL) containing a crystal of urea (21 mg) was cooled in an ice-salt bath to 2° C. To the latter mixture was added fuming nitric acid (8.6 mL). The mixture evolved nitrogen dioxide gas and became hot. Cooling in the bath was continued until the temperature reached 8° C. This solution was then added to the nitrile suspension, which was at −2° C. The temperature rose to 0° C., and the cooling bath was removed. The temperature rose slowly as the mixture was stirred, and the rate of temperature rise increased as the temperature rose. When the temperature reached 35° C., the flask was cooled in the bath until the temperature fell to 25° C. The bath was again removed. The temperature rose more slowly this time, and reached a maximum of 34° C. The reaction was allowed to cool on its own, and did not reach ambient temperature for about 3 hours. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The mixture was poured into a beaker containing crushed ice (300 g). The mixture was stirred until the ice melted, and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with ice water, and air-dried to give about 13 g of light yellow solid. This material was recrystallized from boiling glacial acetic acid (130 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred overnight. The precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with a small amount of glacial acetic acid, and dried under vacuum to provide the title compound (8.2 g) with the following physical data.

1. temperaturecooled in an ice-salt bath
2. temperatureCooling in the bath
3. customreached 8° C
4. customwas at −2° C
5. customrose to 0° C.
6. customthe cooling bath was removed
7. stirringwas stirred
8. temperaturethe rate of temperature rise increased as the temperature
9. customreached 35° C.
10. temperaturethe flask was cooled in the bath until the temperature
11. customfell to 25° C
12. customThe bath was again removed
13. customa maximum of 34° C
14. temperatureto cool on its own
15. stirringto stir at ambient temperature overnight
16. additionThe mixture was poured into a beaker
17. additioncontaining
18. customcrushed ice (300 g)
19. stirringThe mixture was stirred until the ice
20. filtrationthe resulting precipitate was collected by filtration
21. washwashed with ice water
22. customair-dried