Ammonia → Ammonium Hydroxide

HRID 917808Notes

Reaction equation

HRID 917808 reaction equation
[Cu:1].[S:2]([O-:6])([O-:5])(=[O:4])=[O:3].[Cu].[NH3:8].S([O-])([O-])(=O)=[O:10].N.[NH2-].[NH2-].[NH2-].[NH2-].OS(O)(=O)=O.[Cu+2]>>[NH2-:8].[NH2-:8].[NH2-:8].[NH2-:8].[OH:5][S:2]([OH:6])(=[O:4])=[O:3].[Cu+2:1].[NH4+:8].[OH-:10]

Participants

6

Reactant 4

HCID 222Ammonia5×HCID 43090314283-05-7HCID 23615453HCID 23615453, compoundHCID 131710377HCID 131710377, compound

Product 2

HCID 14923Ammonium HydroxideHCID 43090314283-05-7

Procedure

For the preferred copper-sulfate system, the leach solution 10 containing dissolved copper-ammonia-sulfate is next ammoniated or pressurized with ammonia (E) or aqueous ammonia which can be recycled 11 and 16 from subsequent steps. It has been unexpectedly discovered that the mineral values, which were dissolved as a complex with ammonia, precipitate as a complex when pressurized with ammonia. The soluble complex copper ammine sulfate solution enters a low pressure ammoniator (Step E) where ammonia is used to precipitate an insoluble complex ammine. The complex is precipitated by the application of low pressure ammonia. The slurry is filtered (Step F), leaving the solid copper ammine sulfate wet with NH4OH. The gas-liquid stream 13 is recycled. No washing of the complex is necessary. Typically, more than 99 percent of the copper is precipitated in this step.

Workup

  1. customto precipitate an insoluble complex ammine
  2. customThe complex is precipitated by the application of low pressure ammonia
  3. filtrationThe slurry is filtered (Step F)

Sources & evidence

ORD record
ord-684c3b0897ee4e81becb7f469fa1f880
Source dataset
uspto-grants-1976_07
Patent number
US03967957

Reaction notes

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