基本信息
- 标准SMILES
NN.O- InChIKey
IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N- 分子式
- H4N2.H2O
- 平均分子量
- 50.061 g/mol
- 单同位素质量
- 50.04801281
概述
Hydrazine hydrate is a hydrate. It contains a hydrazine.
名称与标识
- 首选名称
- Hydrazine hydrate (1:1)
- IUPAC
- hydrazine;hydrate
- 中文名
- 水合肼
- 英文名
- Hydrazinium hydroxide solution
- 分子式
- H4N2
- 分子量
- 32.05
名称与别名
展开更多名称
数据库标识
- CAS
10217-52-4、7803-57-8- PubChem CID
- 24654
- DTXSID
DTXSID9037240- ChEBI
CHEBI:35511- UNII
- KYD297831P
- EC Number
- 600-285-7、616-584-0
性质
结构计算性质
- 极性表面积
- 53 Ų
- 氢键供体
- 3
- 氢键受体
- 3
- 可旋转键
- 0
- 重原子
- 3
- 形式电荷
- 0
- 复杂度
- 0
实验与物化性质
Chemical Classes
Nitrogen Compounds -> Hydrazines
Corrosives
Physical Description
Liquid; Other Solid; Liquid
A colorless fuming liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor; Corresponds to a 64% aqueous solution of hydrazine in water; [CAMEO]
物理化学性质
- 熔点
- 51.7 °C · −51.7 °C(lit.)
- 沸点
- 120.1 °C · 120.1 °C(lit.)
- 密度
- 1.03 g/mL · 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
- 蒸气密度
- 1 · >1 (vs air)
- 蒸气压
- 5 mm · 5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
- 折射率
- 20 · n20/D 1.428(lit.)
- 闪点
- 204 °F · 204 °F
- 储存条件
- 2 · 2-8°C
- 形态
- liquid
- 爆炸极限值(explosive limit)
- 99.99 % · 99.99%
- 水溶解性
- miscible
- BRN
- 878137 · 878137
- InChI
- 1S/H4N2.H2O/c1-2;/h1-2H2;1H2
- InChIKey
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- O.NN
- CAS 数据库
- 10217 · 10217-52-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
- EPA化学物质信息
- Hydrazine, monohydrate(10217-52-4)
化学性质
本品外观为无色发烟液体,m.p.-51.7℃,b.p.119.4℃,n20D 1.4284,相对密度 1.032,与水、乙醇混溶,不溶于氯仿和乙醚,有强还原作用和腐蚀性。
安全与法规
GHS分类
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.5% (1 of 214) of reports.
Danger
H226 (95.3%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P320, P321, P330, P333+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 214 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 11.1% (1 of 9) of reports.
危害信息
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Hydrazine, monohydrate
Hydrazine, monohydrate is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Hydrazine, monohydrate are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Hydrazine, monohydrate: HSNO Approval: HSR007167 Approved with controls
Hydrazine, monohydrate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
Hazards Summary
Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption; [CAMEO] A very strong reducing agent and violent poison; May cause delayed eye irritation; [Merck Index] Causes methemoglobinemia and liver injury in 28-day oral study of rats at 30 mg/kg/day; [JECDB] Causes excitement and muscle contraction or spasticity in oral lethal-dose studies of guinea pigs, mice, rabbits, and rats; [RTECS] Causes burns; Inhalation may cause corrosive injuries to upper respiratory tract and lungs; May cause skin sensitization; Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption; [Alfa Aesar MSDS] See Hydrazine.
Hazard Classes and Categories
Flam. Liq. 3 (44.4%)
Flam. Liq. 3 (95.3%)
Acute toxicity - category 3
Flammable liquids - Category 4
Carcinogenicity - Category 1B
Flammable liquids - Category 4
安全与防护
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)
0.10 [ppm]
13 [ppm]
35 [ppm]
毒理信息
安全数据
- F
- 23
- wgk
- 3
- RTECS号
- MV8050000
- 包装类别
- III
- 危险等级
- 6.1
- 安全说明
- 53-45-60-61-36/37/39-26
- 海关编码
- 28251010
- 危险品标志
- T,N
- 危险性类别
- Acute Tox. 3 InhalationAcute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 OralAquatic Chronic 2Carc. 1BEye Dam. 1Skin Corr. 1BSkin Sens. 1
- 危险类别码
- 45-20/21/22-34-43-51/53-50/53-23/24/25
- 危险品运输编号
- UN 3293 (HYDRAZINE, AQUEOUS SOLUTION with not more than 37 % hydrazine, by mass)
化学与工业
药理信息
MeSH Pharmacological Classification
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.
用途与制造
应用领域
用途水合肼在农药生产上有广泛的应用,它是昆虫生长调节剂抑食肼的中间体,用于合成叔丁基肼盐酸盐,它也用于合成三唑类杀菌剂和植物生长调节剂的中间体1,2,4-三唑,以及用于其他许多品种的合成。
用途本品是重要的锅炉水处理系统脱氧剂,在高压锅炉中普遍使用。亦可作电镀工业的优良还原剂,为农药,染料,塑料加工的重要化工原料。
用途还原剂,用于还原许多元素,使其成为低价的氧化物或变为元素状态。在测定卤素或硝基时,作为碱用以沉淀某些元素(如铝、三价铬等)。用于电解分析。有机合成。
用途还原剂,用于还原许多元素,无机物质的溶剂,使其成为低价的氧化物或变为元素状态。在测定卤素或硝基时,作为碱用以沉淀某些元素(如铝、三价铬等)。用于电解分析和有机合成。
用途用作还原剂及溶剂
制备方法
生产方法将氯酸钠的制备 将30%的液碱加水稀释至20%左右,在30℃以下按一定流量通入氯气,使有效率达8%~10%即可。冷却备用。稀水合肼的制备 将次氯酸钠溶液加入氧化锅中,再加入适量的30%氢氧化钠液及0.2%的高锰酸钾,然后一次迅速倾入尿素溶液(含量50%),加热搅拌,在104℃下反应几小时即得稀水合肼。水合肼的浓缩 将稀水合肼减压蒸馏,分去无机盐,浓缩至32%~40%即得产品。
生产方法水合肼的工业化生产方法主要有拉希法、尿素法等。拉希法(又称氯胺法或氨氧化法)用次氯酸钠氧化氨水,用明胶或骨胶等作催化剂,在130℃左右、加压下反应制得。反应方程式:NH3+NaOCl→NH2Cl+NaOHNH2Cl+NH3+NaOH→H2N—NH2+NaCl+H2O此法在国外已趋于淘汰,国内因生产规模小,成本较高。尿素法在拉希法的基础上用尿素代替氨作为氮源,由于反应中可使用定量的尿素,故可减少庞大的氨回收装置。反应方程式:NH2CONH2+NaOCl+2NaOH→H2N—NH2·H2O+NaCl+Na2CO3将次氯酸钠与氢氧化钠按一定比例混合配成溶液,边搅拌边加入尿素与少量高锰酸钾的混合液,直接通蒸汽加热到103~104℃进行氧化反应,反应液中含肼量20g/L,真空浓缩制得40%水合肼,再经烧碱脱水、减压蒸馏,得到80%水合肼。此法工艺成熟,设备简单,技术易掌握,是国内厂家采用的主要方法。
上下游产品信息
上游原料
下游产品
试剂价格
- 29681 · 100ml
- 水合肼,55%(合肼,35%)Hydrazine hydrate, 55% (Hydrazine, 35%), Thermo Scientific Chemicals — 531元
- 20959 · 1kg
- 水合肼,80%Hydrazine hydrate, 80% (Hydrazine, 51%), Thermo Scientific Chemicals — 2197元
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