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Nitrosylchlorid

Nitrosyl chloride

HCID 17601
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GrundinformationenÜberblickNamen und BezeichnerEigenschaftenSicherheit und RegulatorischesChemie und IndustrieZugehörige ReaktionenNotizen zur Verbindung
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Grundinformationen

CAS
2696-92-6
Standard-SMILES
O=NCl
InChIKey
VPCDQGACGWYTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Summenformel
ClNO
Durchschnittliche Molmasse
65,46 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse
64,9668413

Überblick

Nitrosyl chloride appears as a yellow to yellowish red gas. Liquefies at -5.5 °C. Very toxic by inhalation. Noncombustible, but accelerates burning of combustible material. Decomposed by water to form corrosive hydrochloric acid. Vapors heavier than air. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat can cause containers to rupture violently and rocket.

Namen und Bezeichner

Bevorzugter Name
Nitrosyl chloride
IUPAC
nitrosyl chloride
Lokaler Name
Nitrosylchlorid
Englischer Name
Nitrosyl chloride
Summenformel
ClNO
Molmasse
65.46

Namen und Synonyme

NITROSYL CHLORIDENitrogen oxychlorideNitrosonium chloride2696-92-6Nitrogen chloride oxide (nocl)Nitrogen oxychloride (NOCl)Nitrosyl chloride ((NO)Cl)NOClNHE5I1E5H6DTXSID5051945Nitrogen chloride oxideRefChem:166147
Weitere Namen anzeigen
Nitroso chlorideNitrosyl chloride ISO 9001:2015 REACH
DTXCID8030508220-273-1ONClNitrogen oxide chloride (NOCl)UNII-NHE5I1E5H6nitrosochlorideNitrosylchloridHSDB 849

Datenbank-Bezeichner

CAS
2696-92-6
PubChem CID
17601
DTXSID
DTXSID5051945
UNII
NHE5I1E5H6
EC Number
220-273-1
Nikkaji
J31.850G

Eigenschaften

Berechnete StruktureigenschaftenWird ergänzt

XLogP
0,7
Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
29,4 Ų
H-Brücken-Donoren
0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
2
Frei drehbare Bindungen
0
Schwere Atome
3
Formalladung
0
Komplexität
12,3

Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften

Chemical Classes · 2 Einträge

Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acid Halides

Corrosives

SpringerMaterials PropertiesGibbs energy
OdorCHOKING ODOR
Food AdditivesUse unspecified -> FDA Substance added to food
Density · 5 Einträge

1.36 at 21.74 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

2.99 G/L (GAS); 1.417 @ -12 °C (LIQ)

g/cm³

Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20 °C (air = 1): 5.2

2.68 g/L

Color/FormYELLOW GAS OR YELLOW-RED LIQUID OR CRYSTALS
Solubility · 2 Einträge

SOL IN FUMING SULFURIC ACID

Solubility in water: reaction

Corrosivity · 2 Einträge

VERY CORROSIVE

ALUMINUM IS ATTACKED BY NITROSYL CHLORIDE WHEN COLD.

Sicherheit und Regulatorisches

Sicherheitsangaben dienen nur zur Orientierung und ersetzen weder das Sicherheitsdatenblatt (SDB) des Lieferanten noch geltende Vorschriften oder eine fachliche Bewertung.

GHS-Klassifizierung

GHS Classification · 4 Einträge

Danger

H270 (100%): May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing gases]

P220, P244, P260, P264, P271, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P320, P321, P363, P370+P376, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 111 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Gefahrenhinweise

Hazards IdentificationToxic/poison by inhalation (TIH/PIH)
Regulatory Information · 2 Einträge

Nitrosyl chloride: HSNO Approval: HSR001064 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

DOT LabelPoison Gas Corrosive
Fire Hazards · 3 Einträge

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Very toxic gases are generated when heated (USCG, 1999)

· Some may burn but none ignite readily.

Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

Fire PotentialPRE-ADDITION OF NITROGEN OXIDE (OR NITROSYL CHLORIDE AS ITS PRECURSOR) TO STOICHIOMETRIC HYDROGEN-OXYGEN MIXT @ 240 MBAR/360 °C WILL CAUSE IMMEDIATE IGNITION UNDER VARIETY OF CIRCUMSTANCES.
Health Hazards · 2 Einträge

Gas is highly toxic. Inhalation causes severe irritation of respiratory tract and damage to mucous membranes. Delayed effects, which include severe pulmonary edema, may not be apparent for several hours. (USCG, 1999)

Chemie und Industrie

Verwendung und Herstellung

Uses · 6 Einträge

Used as a flour bleaching agent and a chemical intermediate; a byproduct formed during the use of aqua regia; [HSDB] Aqua regia is a mixture of 1 part nitric acid and 3 to 4 parts of hydrochloric acid used in metallurgy to test metals and to dissolve platinum, gold, and other metals. [Hawley]

Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry]

BLEACHING SUBSTANCE FOR FLOUR

SYNTHETIC DETERGENTS; CATALYST; INTERMEDIATE

Chemical intermediate in the production of chlorine

Intermediate in the production of potassium nitrate

U.S. Production(1975) PROBABLY LESS THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS
Methods of Manufacturing · 2 Einträge

REACTION OF CHLORINE AND SODIUM NITRATE

BEST PREPARED FROM NITROSYLSULFURIC ACID & DRY HYDROGEN CHLORIDE.

Formulations/PreparationsGRADES: PURE; 93% MIN
General Manufacturing InformationNitrosyl chloride ((NO)Cl): ACTIVE

Anwendungen

VerwendenSynthetic detergents, catalyst, intermediate.

Darstellung · 1 Eintrag

synthetischeNitrosyl chloride can be prepared by the reaction of nitric oxide with chlorine: 2NO + Cl2 → 2ClNOAlso, nitrosyl chloride is produced by the action of chlorine on sodium nitrate; or by the reaction of nitrosyl sulfuric acid with hydrochloric acid: NaNO3 + Cl2 → ClNO + NaClO2 ONHSO4 + HCl → ClNO + H2 SO4Nitrosyl chloride also is obtained as a byproduct in the manufacture of potassium nitrate from potassium chloride and nitric acid:In the above preparative method, nitrosyl chloride must be separated from nitric acid; otherwise, in the presence of pure and excess nitric acid, it can decompose to nitrogen dioxide and chlorine:2ClNO + HNO3 → 6NO2 + Cl2 +2H2OAlso, nitrosyl chloride can be synthesized from its elements by heating nitrogen, oxygen and chlorine gas at 400°C: N2 + O2 + Cl2 → 2ClNOFaraday obtained nitrosyl chloride by dissolving palladium in a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids (Faraday, M. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London), Vol. 136, pp. 48, 1846): Pd + HNO3 + 3HCl → PdCl2 + ClNO + 2H2O.

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Boiling Point · 5 Einträge

21.6 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

21.6 °F

-5.5 °C

-5 - -6 °C

-5.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

DecompositionWHEN HEATED TO DECOMP ... EVOLVE VERY TOXIC FUMES OF /HYDROGEN CHLORIDE AND NITROGEN OXIDES/
Melting Point · 5 Einträge

-74 °F (USCG, 1999)

-64.5 °C

-61.5 °C

-64 °C

-59.6 °C

Vapor Density · 2 Einträge

2.3 (Air=1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.3

Physikochemische Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt
-59.6 °C · -59.6°C
Siedepunkt
-5 · -5
Dichte
1.417 · 1.417
Dampfdichte
2.3 · 2.3
Löslichkeit
2 O · reacts with H2O
Aggregatzustand
yellow-red-brown gas
Farbe
Orange-yellow gas condensing to a deep red liquid
Geruch (Odor)
irritating odor
Wasserlöslichkeit
2 O; · decomposes in H2O; soluble fuming H2SO4 [HAW93]
Spezifische Wärmekapazität
0.68 J/ · Cp(gas): 0.68 J/(g·K), at 25℃
Henry's Law Constant
4.9 · 4.9×10-4 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Burkholder et al. (2019)
Dielectric constant
18 · 18.0(-12℃)
LogP
0.351 · 0.351 (est)
EPA chemische Informationen
Nitrosyl chloride (2696-92-6)

· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin.

Hazards SummaryInhalation of high concentrations can cause pulmonary edema; [HSDB] Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid; [CAMEO] Corrosive to skin and eyes; [NJ-HSFS]
DOT ID and Guide1069 125
Reactive GroupAcyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates
UN ClassificationUN Hazard Class: 2.3; UN Subsidiary Risks: 8
Reactivity AlertsStrong Oxidizing Agent
Reactivity Profile · 1 Eintrag

NITROSYL CHLORIDE is an oxidizing agent. Dissociates into nitric oxide and chlorine on heating. Gives an explosive reaction when sealed in a tube with a residue of acetone and in the presence of platinum catalyst [Chem. Eng. News 35(43):60. 1967]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung

Fire Fighting · 2 Einträge

Excerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]:

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

First Aid Measures · 3 Einträge

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Accidental Release Measures · 2 Einträge

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

First Aid · 2 Einträge

INHALATION: remove victim to fresh air; call a doctor; enforce complete rest until doctor arrives; observe at least 24 hours for delayed effects.

General First Aid:

Safe StorageSeparated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Exposure Control and Personal Protection · 2 Einträge

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

Fire Fighting Procedures · 1 Eintrag

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Cleanup MethodsNEUTRALIZING AGENT FOR ACIDS & CAUSTICS /SMALL SPILLS/: FLUSH WITH WATER. RESIDUAL ACID MAY BE NEUTRALIZED WITH SODA ASH.
Nonfire Spill ResponseExcerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]:
Disposal Methods · 1 Eintrag

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Spillage Disposal · 1 Eintrag

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: gas-tight chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Remove gas with fine water spray. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents.

Preventive Measures · 3 Einträge

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. Do not use water on material itself.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.

Toxikologische Informationen

Environmental FateAtmospheric fate: Nitrosyl chloride formation may be significant in coastal urban areas because it photolyze rapidly to Cl atoms, and hydrolyzes to HONO, a major OH source; both Cl and OH initiate atmospheric photochemical oxidations.
Adverse EffectsDermatotoxin - Skin burns.
Signs and Symptoms · 3 Einträge

Cough. Sore throat. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Burns.

ICSC Environmental DataThe substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.
Human Toxicity Excerpts · 2 Einträge

Nitrosyl chloride is a very corrosive reddish yellow gas, which is said to be intensely irritating to the eyes and skin, and to be severely injurious to the lungs.

INTENSELY IRRITATING TO EYES, SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES. INHALATION MAY CAUSE PULMONARY EDEMA, HEMORRHAGE.

Non-Human Toxicity ExcerptsNITROSYL CHLORIDE IS A DANGEROUS RESPIRATORY IRRITANT. ONE EXPOSURE OF 20 MIN TO INHALATION OF 100 PPM PROVED FATAL TO CATS, APPARENTLY FROM LUNG HEMORRHAGE.
Probable Routes of Human ExposureNITROSYL CHLORIDE MAY BE ENCOUNTERED WHEREVER AQUA REGIA IS MADE OR USED.

Regulatorische Informationen

DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI) · 4 Einträge

Nitrosyl chloride

1.17

15

Weapons of Mass Effect chemical material that, if stolen or diverted, can be converted into weapons using simple chemistry, equipment, or techniques.

Sicherheitsdaten

tsca
TSCA listed
ridadr
UN 1069
hazard_code
C,T
hazard_note
Toxic/Corrosive
hazard_class
2.3
Giftige Stoffe Daten
2696-92-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

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Nachgelagerte Produkte

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Ergänzende Hinweise

DefinitionOne of the oxidizing agents in aqua regia.