Zirconium

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Zirconium compounds (as Zr):

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Zirconium compounds (as Zr):

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Zirconium compounds (as Zr):

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Zirconium compounds (as Zr):

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

1.0 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction (elemental)[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Fires ... require quenching by smothering with ... pulverized mineral carbonate such as dolomite.

To fight fire use special mixtures, dry chemical, salt or dry sand.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not use water; Use dry chemical, graphite, or dry earth; When fire is out, cover all suspected material with dry sand or earth to prevent re-ignition until material can be permanently disposed of; Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. /Zirconium, dry, spontaneously combustible/

For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for ZIRCONIUM, ELEMENTAL (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Accidental release measures: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Environmental precautions: No special environmental precautions required. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Sweep spilled substance into containers; if appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place. Personal protection: P2 filter respirator for harmful particles.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Zirconium is a grey-white metal. Zirconium, elemental is used in varying forms; dust, foil and chopped machining chips. It is used as an ingredient of priming or explosive mixtures; flashlight powders; as deoxidizer in metallurgy; as "getter" in vacuum tubes; in constructing rayon spinnerets in lamp filaments, flash bulbs, and nuclear reactors. Pure zirconium is being increasingly used as a corrosion-resistant metal in fabricating columns, pumps, pipe, valves, heat exchangers, and tanks for severe chemical environments, particularly sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, except those containing fluorides. In this capacity, it is also used in facilities producing urea, hydrogen peroxide, methyl methacrylate, or acetic acid. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: A study of 22 workers exposed to fumes during the zirconium reduction process for 1 to 5 years revealed no striking abnormalities referable to zirconium exposure. Also, 32 male hand finishers of zirconium metal reactor components who had worked for 1 to 17 years in that job showed no significant differences from the control group. Pulmonary granuloma in zirconium workers have been reported; however, the reports do not specify whether it was due to zirconium metal or a specific compound of zirconium. In addition, dermal granulomatous lesions, probably of allergic epithelioid origin, have been observed following the use of deodorant sticks and poison ivy lotions containing zirconium; the latter chemical may have been used as a compound and not as the metal per se. ANIMAL STUDIES: No animal toxicity studies were found at time of review.

Redness. Pain.

Skin, lung granulomas; In Animals: irritation skin, mucous membrane; X-ray evidence of retention in lungs

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ /Causes/ pain and redness /in/ eyes.

/CASE REPORTS/ A study of 22 workers exposed to fumes during the zirconium reduction process for 1 to 5 years revealed no striking abnormalities referable to zirconium exposure. Also, 32 male hand finishers of zirconium metal reactor components who had worked for 1 to 17 years in that job showed no significant differences from the control group.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Pulmonary granuloma in zirconium workers have been reported; however, the reports do not specify whether it was due to zirconium metal or a specific compound of zirconium. In addition, dermal granulomatous lesions, probably of allergic epithelioid origin, have been observed following the use of deodorant sticks and poison ivy lotions containing zirconium; the latter chemical may have been used as a compound and not as the metal per se.

The use and production of zirconium in the aviation, aerospace, chemical and surgical instrument industries, and in nuclear reactor technology(1) may result in the release of zirconium to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Of the many radionuclides produced in nuclear and thermonuclear explosions, the primary contributors to exposure of humans are ... Zirconium-95 ... . /Zirconium-95/

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 4 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in manufacturing, processing, or use of zirconium in the United States may be as low as <10 workers and as high as 999 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

Zirconium is a common element present in the earth's crust and is found in concentrations ranging from 150 to 300 mg/kg. It is not found in the elemental state but usually as oxides. Zirconium occurs in the minerals zircon, malacon, baddeleyite, zirkelite, eudialyte. It is also found frequently in the rare-earth minerals and in monazite sand. Zirconium in found in S-type stars and has been identified in the sun and meteorites. Lunar rocks were found to contain high concentrations of zirconium oxide as compared with terrestrial rocks. The use and production of zirconium metal in the aviation, aerospace, chemical and surgical instrument industries, and in nuclear reactor technology may result in the release of zirconium to the environment through various waste streams. In general, metal cations in solution are attracted to the negatively charged surfaces of soil particles. The extent of adsorption of metal ions to soils depends on the pH, the mineral content, and organic content of the soil. (SRC)

There are only a few situations in which water should not be used for skin decontamination. ... The dusts of pure... zirconium will ignite or explode when contacted by water. Thus, following exposure..., any residual metal should be removed with forceps, gauze, or towels, and stored in mineral oil.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

8e-05

SCREEN Current

8e-05

PPRTV Current