Trisodium Phosphate

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer immediately for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.

/SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./Environmental Consideration: Land spill Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.

Environmental Considerations: Water Spill Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: When working with strong solutions of acids or bases or other caustic or corrosive materials, always wear a full face mask. When working with caustic or corrosive gases or vapors, a full face mask will not protect the eyes or prevent inhaling the material. A full face respirator is required.

If material is not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

In rabbits fed an arteriosclerosis-inducing diet, simultaneous feeding of trisodium phosphate (50 mg/kg diet) prevented for the 1st month the rise in plasma total lipids and total cholesterol seen in the unmedicated controls. For the next month, these parameters increased to some extent, but less than in the controls. The mechanism of action is thought to involve the metabolism of inorganic phosphate.

LC50; Species: Gambusia affinis (Western mosquitofish, adult female); Conditions: freshwater, static, 17-22 °C, pH 7.4-10.3, alkalinity <100 mg/L CaCO3, turbidity 70-150 mg/L; Concentration: 88300 ug/L for 24 hr

LC50; Species: Gambusia affinis (Western mosquitofish, adult female); Conditions: freshwater, static, 17-22 °C, pH 7.4-10.3, alkalinity <100 mg/L CaCO3, turbidity 70-150 mg/L; Concentration: 28500 ug/L for 96 hr

LC50; Species: Clarias gariepinus (Zambezi barbel, fingerling); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 748169.5 ug/L for 96 hr

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

The CIR Expert Panel concluded that the following 31 ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics as described in this safety assessment, when formulated to be non-irritating...Trisodium Phosphate...

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath.

Skin burns. Pain.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Cough. Sore throat. Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute exposures to trisodium phosphate may cause irritation of the respiratory system with subsequent coughing and pain. In severe exposures pulmonary edema may develop.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Splash of aq soln in human eyes ... /causes/ slight transient injury. ... Known ... to have caused moderate permanent corneal opacification & vascularization similar to ... sodium hydroxide. In one of latter cases soln was hot, & this undoubtedly incr its injurious effect.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Aq soln are highly alkaline and may produce caustic burn.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The estimated fatal dose of sodium phosphates is 50 g. The corrosive effect is strong irritation & erythema, blistering. /Alkalies & phosphates; from table/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The Bucher method for judging the irritative potentials of chemicals predicted that trisodium phosphate (15%) was strongly irritating. Scoring of irritative activity of chemical solutions was done according to their pH and osmolality.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ Two-year toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of chlorinated trisodium phosphate, an inclusion complex of trisodium phosphate and sodium hypochlorite used in various cleaning compounds, were conducted by administering 0,500, or 1,000 mg/kg (dose volume: 10 mL/kg) of the chemical in water by gavage, 5 days per week for 103 weeks, to groups of 50 male and 50 female B6C3F1 mice. ... Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity for either male or female B6C3F1 mice given chlorinated trisodium phosphate by gavage in water for 103 weeks at doses of 500 or 1,000 mg. Survival of dosed female mice was 78% and 72% after 80 weeks and 32% and 42% at the termination of the study. The studies in male and female F344/N rats were considered to be inadequate studies of carcinogenicity because the experiments were terminated at 35 weeks due to poor survival. /Chlorinated trisodium phosphate/

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2,163 workers (278 of these were female) were potentially exposed to trisodium phosphate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to trisodium phosphate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where trisodium phosphate is produced or used.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Inorganic acids and related compounds/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Activated charcoal is not effective. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's(LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/

Two-year toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of chlorinated trisodium phosphate, an inclusion complex of trisodium phosphate and sodium hypochlorite used in various cleaning compounds, were conducted by administering 0,500, or 1,000 mg/kg (dose volume: 10 mL/kg) of the chemical in water by gavage, 5 days per week for 103 weeks, to groups of 50 male and 50 female B6C3F1 mice. Groups of mice receiving 250 mg/kg were included in these studies but were removed after 6 months because of a lack of toxicity in the 500 and 1,000 mg/kg groups. Two-year studies were begun in male and female F34M rats at doses of 0, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg/kg of chlorinated trisodium phosphate in water by gavage (10 mL/kg). The 2,000 mg/kg groups were killed at 15 weeks because of poor survival, and the other groups were killed at 35 weeks because of toxicity in the 1,000 mg/kg group. ... Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity for either male or female B6C3F1 mice given chlorinated trisodium phosphate by gavage in water for 103 weeks at doses of 500 or 1,000 mg. Survival of dosed female mice was 78% and 72% after 80 weeks and 32% and 42% at the termination of the study. The studies in male and female F344/N rats were considered to be inadequate studies of carcinogenicity because the experiments were terminated at 35 weeks due to poor survival. /Chlorinated trisodium phosphate/

Chlorinated trisodium phosphate was weakly mutagenic in strain TA1535 of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of Aroclor 1254 induced male Sprague-Dawley rat or male Syrian hamster liver S9. This compound was not mutagenic in strains TA97, TA98, or TA100. /Chlorinated trisodium phosphate/

Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic) used as a multiple purpose food substance in food for human consumption is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice. /Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic)/

Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic) used as a sequesterant in food for human consumption is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice. /Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic)/

Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic) used as a nutrient in food for human consumption is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice. /Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic)/

Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic) used as a general purpose food additive animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice. /Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-, & tribasic/

For more FDA Requirements (Complete) data for TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Residues of the following chemical substances are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation, provided that the substance is applied on a semi-permanent or permanent food-contact surface (other than being applied on food packaging) with adequate draining before contact with food. (a) The following chemical substances when used as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation may be applied to: Food-contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-processing equipment, and food-processing equipment and utensils. Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt is included on this list. Limit: When ready for use, the end-use concentration is not to exceed 5916 ppm.

Residues of the following chemical substances are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation, provided that the substance is applied on a semi-permanent or permanent food-contact surface (other than being applied on food packaging) with adequate draining before contact with food. ... (c) The following chemical substances when used as ingredients in an antimicrobial pesticide formulation may be applied to: Food-processing equipment and utensils. Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt is included on this list. Limit: When ready for use, the end-use concentration is not to exceed 5916 ppm.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Trisodium phosphate is found on List D. Case No: 4053; Pesticide type: fungicide, herbicide, antimicrobial; Case Status: None of the active ingredients in the case are being supported for reregistration by their registrants. All are unsupported, or some are unsupported and some are cancelled. Cases described as "unsupported" generally are being processed for cancellation.; Active ingredient (AI): trisodium phosphate; AI Status: The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered products. Thus, we characterize it as "cancelled.".

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 5000 lb or 2270 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Sodium phosphate, tribasic is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.