Diisopropyl Ether

HCID 7914CAS 108-20-3

Basic information

Standard SMILES
CC(C)OC(C)C
InChIKey
ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular formula
C6H14O
Average molar mass
102.17 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass
102.10446507

Overview

Diisopropyl ether appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor. Flash point -18 °F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.

Names & identifiers

Preferred name
Diisopropyl Ether
IUPAC
2-propan-2-yloxypropane
English name
Diisopropyl ether
Molecular formula
C6H14O
Molecular weight
102.17

Names & synonyms

Diisopropyl etherISOPROPYL ETHER108-20-32-IsopropoxypropanePropane, 2,2'-oxybis-Diisopropyl oxideEther, isopropylBis(isopropyl) etherIzopropylowy eterEther isopropylique2,2'-OxybispropaneDTXSID4021890
Show more names
DIPEDiisopropyl etheIsoprpyl etherDiisoproyl etherISOPROPYL ETHER, 1000MG, NEAT
DO7Y998826DTXCID4018902-Isopropoxy propaneRefChem:134066203-560-6diisopropylether2,2'-oxydipropane2-propan-2-yloxypropane

Database identifiers

CAS
108-20-3
PubChem CID
7914
DTXSID
DTXSID4021890
ChEMBL
CHEMBL3185565
UNII
DO7Y998826
EC Number
203-560-6
Nikkaji
J5.069E

Properties

Computed structural properties

XLogP
1.5
Topological polar surface area
9.2 Ų
Hydrogen bond donors
0
Hydrogen bond acceptors
1
Rotatable bonds
2
Heavy atoms
7

Experimental & physicochemical properties

Chemical Classes · 2 items

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

SolventsSolvents -> Ethers (<C12)
SpringerMaterials PropertiesSchoenflies notation
LogP · 2 items

log Kow= 1.52

1.94

Odor · 4 items

Sweet, slightly sharp, pungent like camphor and ethyl ether

The odor is more irritating and less pleasant than that of ethyl ether.

Sharp, sweet, ether-like odor.

Ether-like odor

Density · 6 items

0.724 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.7258 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Bulk density: 6.05 lb/gal @ 15.5 °C; similar to ethyl ether in properties but does tend to form peroxides more readily than ethyl ether

Relative density (water = 1): 0.7

0.73

0.719 @25 °C

Physicochemical properties

Melting point
-85.5 °C · -85.5 °C
Boiling point
68 · 68-69 °C(lit.)
Density
0.725 g/mL · 0.725 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density
3.5 · 3.5 (vs air)
vapor pressure
120 mm · 120 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index
20 · n20/D 1.367(lit.)

Safety & regulation

GHS classification

GHS Classification · 6 items

Danger

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.4% (1 of 265) of reports.

Danger

H225 (99.6%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

Hazard information

Regulatory Information · 5 items

Chemical: Propane, 2,2'-oxybis-

Propane, 2,2'-oxybis- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Propane, 2,2'-oxybis- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 13-01-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15860

Propane, 2,2'-oxybis-: HSNO Approval: HSR001131 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

DOT LabelFlammable Liquid
Fire Hazards · 3 items

Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. Containers may explode when heated. (USCG, 1999)

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.

Fire Potential · 2 items

FLAMMABLE LIQUID.

ONLY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OF EXPLOSION-PROOF TYPE (GROUP C CLASSIFICATION) IS PERMITTED TO BE OPERATED IN ETHER AREAS. ETHER SHOULD NOT BE STORED NEAR POWERFUL OXIDIZERS OR IN AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD. /ETHERS/

Health Hazards · 2 items

Inhalation causes anesthesia, nausea, headache, dizziness, and irritation of the eyes and nose. Contact of liquid with eyes causes only minor injury; repeated contact with skin will remove natural oils and may cause dermatitis. (USCG, 1999)

· Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.

Hazards SummaryThe odor is more irritating and less pleasant than that of ethyl ether. [ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [ICSC]

Safety & protection

Fire Fighting · 2 items

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

Use water spray, AFFF, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

First Aid Measures · 4 items

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

Accidental Release Measures · 2 items

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

First Aid · 3 items

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Isopropyl ether:

General First Aid:

(General first aid procedures)

Safe StorageFireproof. Cool. Keep in the dark. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Store only if stabilized.
Firefighting HazardsVAPORS ARE HEAVIER THAN AIR & MAY TRAVEL TO A SOURCE OF IGNITION & FLASH BACK. LIQUID FLOATS ON WATER & MAY TRAVEL TO A SOURCE OF IGNITION & SPREAD FIRE. ETHER TENDS TO FORM UNSTABLE, EXPLOSIVE PEROXIDES ON STANDING.

Toxicology

Target OrgansEyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system
Ecotoxicity ValuesLC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 91.7 mg/l 96 hr flow-through bioassay, wt 0.12 g, water hardness 45.5 mg/l CaCO3, temp: 25 + or - 1 °C, pH 7.5, dissolved oxygen greater than 60% of saturation
Environmental Fate · 3 items

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.52(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropyl ether is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of isopropyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be important(3,SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.3X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its water solubility(4) and vapor pressure(5). The potential for volatilization of isopropyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 149 mm Hg(5). Isopropyl ether is not expected to hydrolyze in soil due to lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(3). Aqueous screening test data from studies using activated sludge or sewage inocula(6,7) suggest that isopropyl ether may be resistant to biodegradation in environmental media(SRC). Many ethers are known to be resistant to biodegradation(8).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.52(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Isopropyl ether is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.3X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its water solubility(4) and vapor pressure(5). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(3,SRC). Isopropyl ether is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(3). Isopropyl ether will not significantly photooxidize via reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals in the water(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 8(3,SRC), from isopropyl ether's log Kow(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Isopropyl ether may be resistant to biodegradation in environmental media based upon screening test data from studies using activated sludge or sewage inocula(8,9,SRC). Many ethers are known to be resistant to biodegradation(10).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isopropyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 149 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 21 hours(3,SRC). The half-life for the reaction of isopropyl ether with nitrate radicals is estimated as 9 seconds(4,SRC). Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm(5).

Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome
Exposure Routes · 2 items

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Signs and Symptoms · 5 items

Cough. Drowsiness. Sore throat.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness.

Further see Inhalation.

irritation eyes, skin, nose; resp discomfort; dermatitis; In Animals: drowsiness, dizziness, unconsciousness, narcosis

Regulatory information

State Drinking Water Guidelines(NH) NEW HAMPSHIRE 120 ug/L

Safety data

F
10
OEB
A
OEL
TWA: 500 ppm (2100 mg/m3)
wgk
1
IDLA
1,400 ppm [10% LEL]
tsca
TSCA listed

Chemistry & industry

Pharmacology

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion... ISOPROPYL ETHER IS RAPIDLY ABSORBED BY BLOOD FROM LUNGS OR GI TRACT. ... IT IS PROBABLE THAT MAJOR PORTION OF DOSE IS ELIMINATED THROUGH LUNGS AFTER CESSATION OF EXPOSURE ... .

Uses & manufacturing

Uses · 6 items

Used as a solvent for resins, waxes, oils, dyes, and surface coatings; [ACGIH]

Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]

Solvent for animal, vegetable, mineral oils, waxes and resins; extraction of acetic acid from aq solutions; solvent for dyes in presence of small amt of alcohol; spotting compositions; paint & varnish; rubber cements.

Isopropyl ether is used as a solvent in the Israel Mining Industries acid cleaning process for extraction of cationic impurities. /anionic impurities to a much lesser extent/

Isopropyl ether is used as a solvent to separate polonium from lead and bismuth.

Extraction agent (phosphoric acid, phenol purification); solvent (paints, stain removers)

Impurities · 3 items

COMMERCIAL VARIETY MAY CONTAIN APPROX 3% OF ISOPROPYL ALC, LESS THAN 0.01% OF SULFUR & LESS THAN 0.04% OF PEROXIDE.

The dehydration of isopropyl alcohol with sulfuric acid produces propylene as an impurity in the production of isopropyl ether. The amounts of propylene by-product will vary with type of catalyst and reaction conditions.

Isopropyl ether autooxidizes to form peroxides and hydroperoxides at 20 °C with UV radiation or in the presence of a photosensitizer, eg, benzophenone

U.S. Imports(1984) 2.49X10+8 g
U.S. Production · 2 items

2023: 40,000,000 - <55,000,000 lb

(1972) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 G

Consumer UsesFuel agents
Industry UsesFuel agents
Applications · 3 items

DescriptionDiisopropyl ether [108-20-3], also known as 2-isopropoxyisopropane or isopropyl ether, is a clear, colorless, mobile, highly flammable liquid with a characteristic ethereal odor. Its solubility in water is low, but it is soluble in organic solvents and readily forms explosive peroxides. It has a higher boiling point, a lower vapor pressure, and a lower water solubility than diethyl ether, which means that diisopropyl ether can be recovered without significant loss after use as a solvent or as an extractant.

UsesIsopropyl ether is used as a solvent for oils,waxes, resins, and dyes; and as a varnishremover.

General DescriptionDiisopropyl ether appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor. Flash point -18°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.

Preparation methods

PreparationDiisopropyl ether can be prepared by liquid-phase dehydration of 2-propanol at 130 – 190°C and 1.96– 7.85 MPa over acidic catalysts containing aluminum.

Suppliers50 total

国药集团化学试剂有限公司86-21-63210123 · [email protected]
梯希爱(上海)化成工业发展有限公司021-67121386 · [email protected]
上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司400-6206333 13167063860 · [email protected]
济南新晨化工有限公司15318808971 15318808971
济南宏嘉化工有限公司15253128188; 15253128188

Related reactions

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