2-エチルアニリン

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

General First Aid:

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 143(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-ethylaniline is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). However, aromatic amines (including anilines) bind to humic material found in soil in two phases(3). Initially, a rapid, reversible equilibrium is established, which may represent formation of imine linkages with the humic carbonyls(3). Subsequently, there is a slow reaction that is not readily reversed(3). Also, a pKa value of 4.3(4) suggests that 2-ethylaniline will exist partially in the protonated form in moist soils and the protonated form of 2-ethylaniline is expected to bind strongly to soil surfaces and not volatilize. Volatilization of the neutral species from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(5). 2-Ethylaniline is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.170 mm Hg(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 143(SRC), determined from an estimation method(2), indicates that 2-ethylaniline is not expected to adsorb to sediment and suspended solids in water(SRC). However, aromatic amines(including anilines) bind to humic material found in water in two phases(3). Initially, a rapid, reversible equilibrium is established, which may represent formation of imine linkages with the humic carbonyls(3). Subsequently, there is a slow reaction that is not readily reversed(3). Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.5 and 85 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces may be attenuated by adsorption to humic material in the water column(3). A pKa value of 4.30(6), suggests that 2-ethylaniline will exist partially in the protonated form in aqueous environments and the protonated form of 2-ethylaniline is not expected to volatilize from water. According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 4.4(SRC), from a log Kow of 1.79(8) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-ethylaniline, which has a vapor pressure of 0.170 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-ethylaniline is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.3X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C determined using a structure estimation method(3).

A pKa value of 4.30(1) suggests that 2-ethylaniline will exist partially in the protonated form in moist soils and the protonated form of 2-ethylaniline is expected to bind strongly to soil surfaces(SRC). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(2), the Koc for 2-ethylaniline can be estimated to be 143(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-ethylaniline is expected to have high mobility in soil. However, aromatic amines (including anilines) bind to humic material found in soil in two phases(4). Initially, a rapid, reversible equilibrium is established, which may represent formation of imine linkages with the humic carbonyls(4). Subsequently, there is a slow reaction that is not readily reversed(4).

An estimated BCF of 4.4 was calculated for 2-ethylaniline(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.74(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Henry's Law constant for the 2-ethylaniline neutral species is estimated as 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that the neutral species is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7.5 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 85 days(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces may be attenuated by adsorption to humic material in the water column(3). Aromatic amines (including anilines) bind to humic material found in water in two phases(3). Initially, a rapid, reversible equilibrium is established, which may represent formation of imine linkages with the humic carbonyls(3). Subsequently, there is a slow reaction that is not readily reversed(3). 2-Ethylaniline's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 2-Ethylaniline is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.170 mm Hg(4). A pKa value of 4.3(5), suggests that 2-ethylanilne will exist partially in the protonated form in aqueous environments and the protonated form of 2-ethylaniline is not expected to volatilize from water or moist soil surfaces(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-ethylaniline with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.3X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 hrs at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 2-Ethylaniline is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(2). In general, anilines absorb light in the environmental UV spectrum(>290 nm)(3). Based on this, 2-ethylaniline is expected to absorb light and may potentially undergo direct photolysis(SRC).

2-Ethylaniline's production and use in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, and pesticides may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 0.170 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 2-ethylaniline will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-ethylaniline will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 hrs. If released to soil, 2-ethylaniline is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 143. However, aromatic amines (including anilines) bind to humic material found in soil in two phases which could decrease movement in soil. Also, a pKa value of 4.3 suggests that 2-ethylaniline will exist partially in the protonated form in moist soils and the protonated form of 2-ethylaniline is expected to bind strongly to soil surfaces and not volatilize. Volatilization of the neutral species from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. If released into water, 2-ethylaniline is not expected to adsorb to sediment and suspended solids in water based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.5 and 85 days, respectively. However, volatilization from water surfaces may be attenuated by adsorption to humic material in the water column. The protonated form of 2-ethylaniline is not expected to volatilize from water. An estimated BCF of 4.4 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to occur due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups. Occupational exposure to 2-ethylaniline may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-ethylaniline is produced or used. (SRC)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Aniline and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation... . /Aniline and related compounds/