白金(II)ジクロリド

Grayish-green to brown powder

Olive green hexagonal crystals

Insol in water, alcohol, ether; sol in hydrochloric acid

Soluble in ammonium hydroxide; insoluble in cold water

... Forms double salts with the chlorides of the alkali metals. Is decomposed at red heat, yielding platinum.

Combines with platinum trichloride to form a compound soluble in benzene or chloroform.

Danger

H290 (32%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]；H314 (61.3%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]；H315 (38.7%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]；H317 (92%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]；H319 (37.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]；H334 (92%): May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled [Danger Sensitization, respiratory]；H413 (30.7%): May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P233, P234, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P363, P390, P403, P405, P406, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 75 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.；Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Chemical: Platinum chloride (PtCl2)

Platinum (II) chloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Irritating to skin; Occupational inhalation allergy (bronchial asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis), often in association with urticaria and Quincke edema is common in platinum associated industry. It is due to sensitization against platinum chloride. As an avg of 60% of people working in the platinum industry fall ill with bronchial asthma more stringent protective occupational measures are suggested. [HSDB] A skin and eye irritant; May cause skin and respiratory sensitization after prolonged contact; [eChemPortal: ERMA] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; May cause skin and respiratory sensitization after prolonged contact; [MSDSonline] See Platinum, soluble salts.

Persons not wearing protective equipment and clothing should be restricted from areas of spills until cleanup has been completed. If soluble platinum salts or liquids containing soluble salts are spilled, the following steps should be taken: 1. Ventilate area of spill; 2. Collect spilled material in the most convenient and safe manner for reclamation or for disposal in a secured sanitary landfill. Liquids containing soluble platinum salts should be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material, /Soluble platinum salts/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

ADEQUATE SYSTEM OF EXHAUST VENTILATION MUST BE INSTALLED. CHEMISTS &...TECHNICIANS SHOULD WORK WITH PLATINUM SALTS IN FUME CHAMBERS WITH ADEQUATE DRAUGHT. METHODS INVOLVING USE OF CENTRIFUGES SHOULD BE ABANDONED. /PLATINUM SALTS/

Control can only be achieved by preventing the release of the soluble complex platinum salts to the atmosphere of the workshop. Good exhaust ventilation is necessary in platinum refineries. Chemical procedures which may generate these salts should be carried out in ventilated fume cupboards. Open centrifuges should not be used. Good personal hygiene is important. /Platinum compounds/

Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. /Platinum sol salts, as Pt/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for PLATINOUS CHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

0.002 [mg/m3], as Pt

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.002 mg/cu m. /Platinum, soluble salts, as Pt/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Platinum, soluble salts, as Pt/

In a study on the ability of different metal salts to influence the DNA synthesis of human lymphoid cells, palladium chloride and platinum chloride were tested regarding effect on thymocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes in children. At concentrations in the range of 1X10(-4) to 1X10(-5) M, the tested compounds were inhibitory. A slight stimulation mainly on the thymocytes was obtained with palladium chloride and platinum chloride at concentrations in the range of 1X10(-5) to 1X10(-6) M.

Some workers may show ... allergic manifestations with involvement of the nasal mucosa, bronchi and skin. /Platinum cmpd/

... The dermal irritancy of platinum cmpds in albino rabbits /was investigated/. ... Platinum(II)dichloride ... /was/ applied to intact or abraded skin of rabbits for 24 hr, & the skin reactions were evaluated. ... Platinum(II)dichloride ... /was/ considered only a minor hazard for intact or abraded skin contact.

Occupational inhalation allergy (bronchial asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis), often in association with urticaria and Quincke edema is common in platinum associated industry. It is due to sensitization against platinum chloride. As an avg of 60% of people working in the platinum industry fall ill with bronchial asthma more stringent protective occupational measures are suggested.

Wheezing /in sensitized workers/ can be relieved with bronchodilators and corticosteroids. Complete recovery can be expected if further exposure is avoided. /Chloroplatinates/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

LD50 Rat oral 3423 mg/kg /From table/

LD50 Rat male oral >2000 mg/kg /From table/

LD50 Rat male oral 3423 mg/kg /From table/

LD50 Rat male ip 670 mg/kg /From table/

Chemical: Platinum chloride (PtCl2)

Platinum (II) chloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Used to make platinum salts; as catalyst for oxidative chlorination of alkanes; to make chiral catalysts; [HSDB]

/In synthesis of/ platinum salts

Used as catalyst for oxidative chlorination of alkanes, preparation of chiral catalysts

Preparation from hexachloroplatinic acid.

Heating platinum sponge in the presence of dry chloride; derivation by heating chloroplatanic acid to 200 °C.

Preparation: (1) Direct chlorination of platinum metal at elevated temperatures. (2) Chlorination of platinum oxide at 550 °C. (3) Thermal decomposition of platinum tetrachloride. (4) Pass chloride over chloroplatinic acid at 500 °C. (5) Reduction of chloroplatinic acid with hydrazine.