홈MCP워크벤치Skills
홈워크벤치알림마이페이지
llms.txt · MCP 가이드개인정보처리방침 · 이용약관 · 지원v1.8.0
  1. 홈
  2. /화합물

히스타민

Histamine

HCID 774
새 노트새 반응견적 요청하기
인쇄 미리보기
기본 정보개요이름 및 식별자물성안전 및 규제화학 및 산업관련 반응화합물 노트
부분 구조 검색유사 구조 찾기

기본 정보

CAS
51-45-6
표준 SMILES
NCCc1cnc[nH]1
InChIKey
NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
분자식
C5H9N3
평균 분자량
111.15 g/mol
단동위원소 질량
111.07964729

개요

Histamine is a member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted at position C-4 by a 2-aminoethyl group. It has a role as a neurotransmitter, a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a member of imidazoles and an aralkylamino compound. It is a conjugate base of a histaminium.

이름 및 식별자

우선 이름
Histamine
IUPAC
2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
현지명
히스타민
영어명
Histamine
분자식
C5H9N3
분자량
111.15

이름 및 동의어

histamine51-45-62-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamineErgamineErgotidine1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine5-ImidazoleethylamineEraminTheramineFree histaminebeta-Aminoethylglyoxaline
이름 더 보기
히스타민2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethan-1-amineHISTAMIN2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine2-(1H-iMidazol-5-yl)ethan-1-aMineEramineistaminaHIS ELISA
beta-Aminoethylimidazole4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-imidazole4-ImidazoleethylamineImidazole-4-ethylaminebeta-Imidazolyl-4-ethylamineImidazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)-DTXSID4023125CHEBI:18295

데이터베이스 식별자

CAS
51-45-6
PubChem CID
774
DTXSID
DTXSID4023125
ChEMBL
CHEMBL90
ChEBI
CHEBI:18295
UNII
820484N8I3
EC Number
200-100-6
Nikkaji
J4.117C

물성

구조 계산 물성

XLogP
-0.7
극성 표면적
54.7 Ų
수소 결합 공여자 수
2
수소 결합 수용자 수
2
회전 가능 결합 수
2
무거운 원자 수
8
형식 전하
0
복잡도
64.7

실험 및 물리화학적 성질

Drugs · 2건

Pharmaceutical

Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15

LogP · 2건

-0.70

-0.7

Color/FormNEEDLES FROM CHLOROFORM
Solubility · 3건

COLORLESS LONG PRISMATIC CRYSTALS; ODORLESS; 1 G SOL IN ABOUT 4 ML WATER; AQ SOLN IS ACID TO LITMUS; WHEN DRIED AT 105 °C FOR 2 HR, IT MELTS AT ABOUT 140 °C /PHOSPHATE/

FREELY SOL IN WATER, ALCOHOL, HOT CHLOROFORM; SPARINGLY SOL IN ETHER

14.1 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4)

Boiling Point209-210 °C @ 18 MM HG
Melting Point · 2건

83-84 °C

86 °C

Physical DescriptionSolid
Stability/Shelf LifeSTABLE IN AIR BUT IS AFFECTED BY LIGHT /PHOSPHATE/
Dissociation Constants · 2건

9.756

PKA1= 9.68; PKA2= 5.88

Collision Cross Section · 3건

안전 및 규제

안전 정보는 참고용이며, 공급업체의 물질안전보건자료(SDS), 관련 법규 및 전문가 평가를 대체하지 않습니다.

GHS 분류

GHS Classification · 5건

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 6.7% (3 of 45) of reports.

Danger

H301 (93.3%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

P233, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 45 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

유해성 정보

Hazard Classes and CategoriesAcute Tox. 3 (93.3%)

독성 정보

Interactions · 2건

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF METHAMIDE (POTENT H2 ANTAGONIST) ON GASTRIC ACID SECRETION ELICITED BY CONTINUOUS HISTAMINE IV INFUSION IN MAX EFFECTIVE DOSE (20 UMOLE/HR) IN DOGS IS SHOWN TO BE APPROX 20%/10 UMOLE/KG AFTER 1.5 HR. COMPARABLE EFFECTS WERE OBSERVED IN NORMAL HUMANS IN SAME STUDY. /H2-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS, FROM TABLE/

IN GUINEA PIGS, DEATH BY ASPHYXIA FOLLOWS QUITE SMALL DOSES OF HISTAMINE, YET ANIMAL MAY SURVIVE A HUNDRED LETHAL DOSES OF HISTAMINE IF GIVEN AN H1-BLOCKING DRUG. IN SAME SPECIES, H1 ANTAGONISTS OFFER STRIKING PROTECTION AGAINST ANAPHYLACTIC BRONCHOSPASM, BUT THIS IS NOT SO IN MAN... /H1-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS/

Natural Pollution Sources · 3건

OCCURS WIDELY IN NATURE AS A RESULT OF PUTREFACTIVE PROCESSES.

.../HISTAMINE/ IS A NATURAL CONSTITUENT OF BODY. ... LIBERATED FROM CELLS OF SKIN BY INJURIOUS STIMULI.../&/ INVOLVED IN MANY... DIVERSE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES...HISTAMINE RECEPTORS...FALL INTO 2 BROAD CLASSES: H1 & H2...

HISTAMINE IS WIDELY, IF UNEVENLY, DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT ANIMAL KINGDOM & IS PRESENT IN MANY VENOMS, NOXIOUS SECRETIONS, BACTERIA & PLANTS.

화학 및 산업

약리 정보

Bionecessity...ENDOGENOUS HISTAMINE IS FINAL COMMON MEDIATOR OF GASTRIC SECRETORY RESPONSES.../IT IS SUPPOSED/ TO BE INVOLVED IN TISSUE GROWTH & REPAIR, IN REGULATION OF MICROCIRCULATION, & IN FUNCTIONING OF CNS...
PharmacodynamicsHistamine stimulates gastric gland secretion, causing an increased secretion of gastric juice of high acidity. This action is probably due mainly to a direct action on parietal and chief gland cells.
Mechanism of Action · 6건

Histamine acts directly on the blood vessels to dilate arteries and capillaries; this action is mediated by both H 1- and H 2-receptors. Capillary dilatation may produce flushing of the face, a decrease in systemic blood pressure, and gastric gland secretion, causing an increased secretion of gastric juice of high acidity. Increased capillary permeability accompanies capillary dilatation, producing an outward passage of plasma protein and fluid into the extracellular spaces, an increase in lymph flow and protein content, and the formation of edema. In addition, histamine has a direct stimulant action on smooth muscle, producing contraction if H 1-receptors are activated, or mostly relaxation if H 2-receptors are activated. Also in humans, the stimulant effect of histamine may cause contraction of the intestinal muscle. However, little effect is noticed on the uterus, bladder, or gallbladder. Histamine has some stimulant effect on duodenal, salivary, pancreatic, bronchial, and lacrimal glands. Histamine also can bind to H3 and H4 receptors which are involved in the CNS/PNS neurotransmitter release and immune system chemotaxis, respectively.

...CONTRACTS MANY SMOOTH MUSCLES, SUCH AS...BRONCHI & GUT, BUT...RELAXES OTHERS...OF FINE BLOOD VESSELS. IT IS...POTENT STIMULUS TO GASTRIC ACID PRODUCTION & ELICITS...OTHER EXOCRINE SECRETIONS. ...BRONCHOCONSTRICTION & CONTRACTION OF GUT...INVOLVE H1 RECEPTORS...GASTRIC SECRETION...INVOLVE ACTIVATION OF H2 RECEPTORS...

...AT CELLULAR LEVEL, MANY RESPONSES TO HISTAMINE ARE CLEARLY ATTRIBUTABLE TO INCR IN MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY THAT ALLOWS COMMON INORG IONS (MAINLY CATIONS) TO FLOW DOWN ELECTROCHEM GRADIENTS & ALTER TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL. IT DOUBTLESS EXPLAINS STIMULANT ACTIONS...OF HISTAMINE ON NERVE ENDINGS OR GANGLION CELLS...

...ESSENTIALLY SIMILAR ACTION /TO THAT AT CELLULAR LEVEL/ APPEARS TO ACCOUNT FOR SECRETION, AT LEAST AS IT OCCURS IN CHROMAFFIN CELLS OF ADRENAL MEDULLA. HERE HISTAMINE...MIMIC PHYSIOLOGICAL SECRETAGOGUE ACH IN DEPOLARIZING THE PLASMALEMMA.

관련 반응

24건
반응 기록 만들기
HRID 57260 반응식
HRID 57260반응물로uspto-grants-2016_09
HRID 407319 반응식
HRID 407319반응물로uspto-grants-2014_06
HRID 723117 반응식
HRID 723117반응물로uspto-grants-2006_11
HRID 726239 반응식
HRID 726239반응물로uspto-grants-1998_01
HRID 726240 반응식
HRID 726240반응물로uspto-grants-1998_01
HRID 726241 반응식
HRID 726241반응물로uspto-grants-1998_01
HRID 744047 반응식
HRID 744047반응물로uspto-grants-1996_09
HRID 744048 반응식
HRID 744048반응물로uspto-grants-1996_09
1 / 3 페이지

화합물 노트

불러오는 중…

이 페이지에서기본 정보개요이름 및 식별자물성안전 및 규제화학 및 산업관련 반응화합물 노트
더보기
새 노트새 반응견적 요청하기

120.4 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with ESI Low Concentration Tuning Mix (Agilent)]

120 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]

120.4 Ų [M+H]+

Other Experimental Properties · 2건

DELIQUESCENT

PRISMS FROM ETHANOL; MP: 244-246 °C; FREELY SOL IN WATER, METHANOL /DIHYDROCHLORIDE/

물리화학적 성질

녹는점
83 · 83-84 °C (lit.)
끓는 점
167 °C/0.8 · 167 °C/0.8 mmHg (lit.)
밀도
0.9902 · 0.9902 (rough estimate)
굴절률
1.469 · 1.4690 (estimate)
저장 조건
-20 °C · -20°C
용해도
20 mg/ml; · DMSO: 20 mg/ml; Ethanol: 10 mg/ml; PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml
물리적 상태
고체
산도 계수 (pKa)
6.04 · 6.04(at 25℃)
색상
흰색에서 밝은 노란색
수용성
물, 알코올 및 뜨거운 클로로포름에 용해됩니다.
Merck
13 · 13,4739
BRN
2012 · 2012
안정성
흡습성
InChI
1S/C5H9N3/c6-2-1-5-3-7-4-8-5/h3-4H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)
InChIKey
NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
NCCc1c[nH]cn1
LogP
-0.7 · -0.700
NIST
Histamine(51-45-6)
EPA
Histamine (51-45-6)

화학적 성질

White to slightly yellow powder

Human Toxicity Excerpts · 4건

OVERDOSAGE WITH HISTAMINE IS RARE, & SYMPTOMS ARE GENERALLY NOT DANGEROUS. HOWEVER, MASSIVE DOSES CAUSE INTENSE HEADACHE, FLUSHING, PROFOUND FALL OF BLOOD PRESSURE, BRONCHOSPASM, DYSPNEA, A METALLIC TASTE, VOMITING & DIARRHEA.

.../EYE EFFECT/ OF AN 8% SOLN OF HISTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE HAS BEEN DESCRIBED IN CASE OF GIRL WHO SPILLED SOME...ON HER HANDKERCHIEF & CONTAMINATED HER RIGHT EYE... IN 10 MIN CONJUNCTIVAE BECAME HYPEREMIC & LIDS EDEMATOUS, WITHOUT DISCOMFORT. REACTION HAD NEARLY DISAPPEARED IN 5 HR & COMPLETELY GONE NEXT DAY... /HCL SALT/

IN SOME HUMAN GLAUCOMATOUS EYES, APPLICATION OF 3% HISTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE EYEDROPS HAS BEEN KNOWN TO CAUSE RISE IN OCULAR PRESSURE, PARTICULAR IN CASES OF ACUTE GLAUCOMA. /HCL SALT/

...INJECTED INTRADERMALLY...TRIPLE RESPONSE /FOLLOWS/...RED SPOT...BRIGHTER RED...FLARE...DEVELOPING...MORE SLOWLY, &...LOCALIZED EDEMA...DUE TO LOCAL DILATATION OF MINUTE BLOOD VESSELS /&/...DILATATION OF NEIGHBORING ARTERIOLES.../& EDEMA/ DUE TO DIRECT ACTION...ON WALLS OF...VESSELS TO INCR THEIR PERMEABILITY.

Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts · 2건

IN MOST EXPTL SUSCEPTIBLE SPECIES (CALVES, SWINE, DUCKS, GUINEA PIGS, CATS, DOGS), IM INJECTIONS OF HISTAMINE IN BEESWAX AT RATE OF 1-4 MG/KG/DAY PRODUCES GASTRIC ULCERS WITHIN 1-6 WK.

EXPT ON EXCISED BEEF CORNEAS HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT HISTAMINE AT CONCN AS LOW AS 0.000005 MOLAR HAS AN UNUSUAL CAPACITY FOR LOOSENING SUPERFICIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM BASAL CELLS OF CORNEA AFTER SEVERAL HR OF INCUBATION.

안전 데이터

wgk
3
tsca
TSCA listed
rtecs
MS1050000
ridadr
UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
독성
LD50 i.p. in mice: 2020 mg/kg (Nagai)
HS 번호
29332900
risk_code
22-36/37/38-42/43
hazard_code
Xn
safety_code
22-26-36/37
포장분류
III
위험 등급
6.1(b)
F 고인화성물질
3-10-23
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 3 OralEye Irrit. 2Resp. Sens. 1Skin Irrit. 2Skin Sens. 1STOT SE 3
스토리지 클래스
6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
유해 물질 데이터
51-45-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

MODE OF ACTION OF HISTAMINE...TO PRODUCE SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXATION, INCL VASODILATION, HAS NOT BEEN DEFINED.

CLASSICAL...ANTIHISTAMINES ARE...CAPABLE OF BLOCKING...H1 RECEPTORS ONLY... H2 RECEPTORS...ARE INHIBITED PREFERENTIALLY BY H2-RECEPTORS ANTAGONISTS.

Metabolism/Metabolites · 4건

Primarily hepatic. Histamine is rapidly metabolized by methylation and oxidation. Methylation involves ring methylation and catalyzation by the enzyme histamine-N-methyltransferase, producing N-methylhistamine, which is mostly converted to N-methyl imidazole acetic acid. 2 to 3% excreted as free histamine, 4 to 8% as N-methylhistamine, 42 to 47% as N-methyl imidazole acetic acid, 9 to 11% as imidazole acetic acid, and 16 to 23% as imidazole acetic acid riboside.

IN MAN THERE ARE 2 MAJOR PATHS OF HISTAMINE METAB. MORE IMPORTANT ONE INVOLVES RING METHYLATION & IS CATALYZED BY...HISTAMINE-N-METHYLTRANSFERASE (IMIDAZOLE-N-METHYLTRANSFERASE, INMT). MOST OF PRODUCT, METHYLHISTAMINE, IS CONVERTED BY MONOAMINE OXIDASE TO METHYL IMIDAZOLE ACETIC ACID (METHYL IMAA).

IN OTHER PATH, HISTAMINE UNDERGOES OXIDATIVE DEAMINATION CATALYZED MAINLY BY DIAMINOXIDASE (DAO), ALSO CALLED "HISTAMINASE"... THE PRODUCTS ARE IMIDAZOLE ACETIC ACID (IMAA) &, EVENTUALLY, ITS RIBOSIDE.

.../MUCH OF VERY LARGE AMT OF HISTAMINE GIVEN ORALLY/ IS CONVERTED BY INTESTINAL BACTERIA TO N-ACETYLHISTAMINE.

MeSH Pharmacological ClassificationDrugs that bind to and activate histamine receptors. Although they have been suggested for a variety of clinical applications histamine agonists have so far been more widely used in research than therapeutically.
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion · 4건

Readily absorbed after parenteral administration.

HISTAMINE IS READILY ABSORBED AFTER PARENTERAL INJECTION...

THE VARIOUS METAB, WHICH HAVE LITTLE OR NO PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, ARE EXCRETED IN URINE.

HISTAMINE & N-METHYLHISTAMINE ACCUM IN TISSUE DEPOTS.

Tissue LocationsAdipose Tissue
Cellular LocationsExtracellular
Metabolite PathwaysAcrivastine H1-Antihistamine Action

용도 및 제조

UsesMEDICATION
Methods of ManufacturingPRODUCED FROM HISTIDINE BY PNEUMOCOCCI OR B COLI: LEVY-BRUHL, UNGAR, ANN INST PASTEUR 61, 828 (1938).
Formulations/Preparations · 1건

HISTAMINE PHOSPHATE, USP, & HISTAMINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE... HISTAMINE PHOSPHATE INJECTION, USP, CONTAINS 1 MG OF SALT (0.36 MG OF HISTAMINE BASE) IN 1 ML. OTHER AVAIL PREPN CONTAIN 0.275 & 2.75 MG OF HISTAMINE PHOSPHATE IN 1 ML (0.1 & 1 MG OF HISTAMINE BASE IN 1 ML), & ARE PACKAGED IN 1- OR 5-ML AMPULES.

General Manufacturing Information1H-Imidazole-5-ethanamine: ACTIVE
응용 분야 · 3건

역사Histamine is an important protein involved in many allergic reactions. Allergies are caused by an immune response to a normally innocuous substance (i.e. pollen, dust) that comes in contact with lymphocytes specific for that substance, or antigen. The history of histamine and the development of antihistamines have been reviewed in [Drugs of Today (1986) and the Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology]. Histamine was the first to be characterized of a series of biogenic amines that are released in the inflammatory process. As early as 1910, it was shown that histamine caused constriction of isolated guinea pig ileum and, subsequently, it was found that histamine induced a shock-like syndrome. In 1927 the presence of histamine in normal tissues was demonstrated. Attempts to reduce histamine manifestations led to the report, in 1933, that certain phenolic ethers inhibited histamine action. Toxicity precluded clinical use. In 1942 phenbenzamine (Antergan), C17H22N2, was the first antihistamine to be successfully used in humans. In 1966, the name H1 was proposed for receptors blocked by the at that time known antihistamines. It was also speculated that the other actions of histamine were likely to be mediated by other histamine receptors. The existence of the H2 receptor was accepted in 1972 and the H3 receptor was recognized in rat brain in 1983. H3 receptors in the brain appear to be involved in the feedback control of both histamine synthesis and release, whereas release of various other neurotransmitters, eg, serotinin (5-HT), dopamine, noradrenaline, and acetylcholine, is also modulated. H3 receptor effects have also been demonstrated in various peripheral tissues and H3 agonists and antagonists are undergoing intensive study for therapeutic applications.

용도Histamine inhibits the synthesis of IL-2 and γ-IFN in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lipopolysaccharide-induced synthesis of TNF-α in monocytes via H2receptor activation. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.

일반 설명Histamine is a neurotransmitter produced by neurons of the posterior hypothalamus. In the brain, histamine is predominantly present in the gray matter.

상·하류 제품 정보

상류 원료

L-(-) 히스티딘염화벤조일황산

하류 제품

히스티딘L-(-) 히스티딘4-pyridin-2-yl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine(SALTDATA: H2O)

추가 설명

정의ChEBI: A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted at position C-4 by a 2-aminoethyl group.