Diisopropylamine → 4-(Tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3-chloro-2,5-difluoropyridine

HRID 2178288Notes

Reaction equation

HRID 2178288 reaction equation
C(NC(C)C)(C)C.[Li]CCCC.[Cl:13][C:14]1[C:15]([F:21])=[N:16][CH:17]=[C:18]([F:20])[CH:19]=1.[C:22]([Si:26](Cl)([CH3:28])[CH3:27])([CH3:25])([CH3:24])[CH3:23].[Cl-].[NH4+]>C1COCC1.O.C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+]>[Si:26]([C:19]1[C:18]([F:20])=[CH:17][N:16]=[C:15]([F:21])[C:14]=1[Cl:13])([C:22]([CH3:25])([CH3:24])[CH3:23])([CH3:28])[CH3:27]

Participants

9

Reactant 5

HCID 7912DiisopropylamineHCID 25517Ammonium ChlorideHCID 28928tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chlorideHCID 193718773-Chloro-2,5-difluoropyridineHCID 178418339Butyllithium

Product 1

HCID 667972914-(Tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3-chloro-2,5-difluoropyridineYield 72.3%

Reagents, catalysts & solvents 3

HCID 962WaterSolventHCID 8028TetrahydrofuranSolvent2×HCID 516892Sodium BicarbonateSolvent

Conditions

Temperature
0 °C

Procedure

A solution of diisopropylamine (78.52 g, 108.8 mL, 776.0 mmol) in THF (1.205 L) was cooled to −20° C. n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexanes) (298.4 mL of 2.5 M, 746.1 mmol) was added dropwise via cannula over 30 min at such a rate that the temperature was kept below −15° C. Once the addition was complete the cooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 min at 0° C., then re-cooled to −78° C. 3-chloro-2,5-difluoro-pyridine (95.963 g, 596.9 mmol) was added dropwise via cannula over 20 min at such a rate that the temperature was kept below −70° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 45 min at −78° C. during which time the solution turned orange red. A solution of tert-butyl-chloro-dimethyl-silane (117.0 g, 776.0 mmol) in THF (133.9 mL) was added via cannula at such a rate to maintain the reaction temperature below −70° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 90 minutes, during which time the solution turned to a deep red colour. Lc/Ms after this time indicated that the reaction was complete. A saturated ammonium chloride solution (300 ml) was then added and mixture was allowed to warm to ambient. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (200 ml) and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (500 ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (1.5 L then 500 ml). The combined organics were washed with brine (400 ml), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to an oil (187 g). The crude was purified by flash chromatography (CombiFlash Companion XL, 1.5 kg column, 0.5-10% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether). This afforded the title compound as a pale yellow oil (113.8 g, 72%); 1H NMR (CDCl3) 0.46 (6H, d), 0.93 (9H, s), 7.84 (1H, d); 19F NMR (decoupled) −112.8, −74.6; MS ES (+) 264.95 (M+1).

Workup

  1. additionwas added dropwise via cannula over 30 min at such a rate that the temperature
  2. customwas kept below −15° C
  3. additionOnce the addition
  4. customwas removed
  5. temperaturere-cooled to −78° C
  6. customwas kept below −70° C
  7. stirringThe reaction mixture was stirred for 45 min at −78° C. during which time the solution
  8. temperatureto maintain the reaction temperature below −70° C
  9. stirringThe reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 90 minutes, during which time the solution
  10. temperatureto warm to ambient
  11. extractionextracted with ethyl acetate (1.5 L
  12. washThe combined organics were washed with brine (400 ml)
  13. dry with materialdried over magnesium sulfate
  14. filtrationfiltered
  15. concentrationconcentrated in vacuo to an oil (187 g)
  16. customThe crude was purified by flash chromatography (CombiFlash Companion XL, 1.5 kg column, 0.5-10% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether)

Sources & evidence

ORD record
ord-e19eb72bc47e42a9a2f3430efc8e71fd
Source dataset
uspto-grants-2015_06
Patent number
US09067932B2

Reaction notes

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