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Hydrochloric Acid → 1-Methylindole

HRID 6709
Notes
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Reaction equation

HRID 6709 reaction equation
[NH:1]1[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][CH:8]=2)[CH:3]=[CH:2]1.[C:10](OC)(=O)C(OC)=O.CC(C)([O-])C.[K+].Cl>CN(C=O)C.O.C(OCC)C>[CH3:10][N:1]1[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][CH:8]=2)[CH:3]=[CH:2]1
ParticipantsProcedureWorkupSources & evidenceReaction notes

Participants

8

Reactant 4

HCID 313Hydrochloric AcidHCID 798IndoleHCID 11120Dimethyl oxalateHCID 23665647Potassium tert-butoxide

Product 1

HCID 117811-MethylindoleYield 95.3%

Reagents, catalysts & solvents 3

HCID 962WaterSolvent
HCID 3283
Diethyl Ether
Solvent
HCID 6228DimethylformamideSolvent

Procedure

The indole product from Example 56 (100 mg, 0.36 mmol) and dimethyl oxalate (46 mg, 0.39 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) were treated with potassium t-butoxide (44 mg, 0.39 mmol). The reaction was heated at reflux for 30 min. Reaction was cooled to room temperature and diluted with water (25 mL). Following extractions (3×) with ethyl acetate, the organic layers were washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The dark residue was chromatographed (SiO2, 20% EtOAc/hexanes), and the resulting oil was treated with 1 M HCl (1 eq) in diethyl ether to provide the N-methyl indole product as a white solid (45 mg, 11%): mp 255-258° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) δ 7.43-7.25 (m, 3H), 7.12-7.00 (m, 2H), 6.99 (d, J=10.0 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d, J=3.1 Hz, 1H), 4.80-4.67 (m, 2H), 3.89 (dd, J=5.6, 11.9 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 3.65-3.55 (m, 1H), 3.30-3.29 (m, 1H), 3.14 (s, 3H); IR (KBr) 3424, 2944, 2479, 1590, 1449 cm−1; CI MS m/z=295 [C19H19FN2+H]+.

Workup

  1. temperatureThe reaction was heated
  2. temperatureat reflux for 30 min
  3. customReaction
  4. extractionextractions (3×) with ethyl acetate
  5. washthe organic layers were washed with water, brine
  6. dry with materialdried over sodium sulfate
  7. filtrationfiltered
  8. concentrationconcentrated
  9. customThe dark residue was chromatographed (SiO2, 20% EtOAc/hexanes)

Sources & evidence

ORD record
ord-ccc6e315b0734760bd2eddf77c0f3649
Source dataset
uspto-grants-2006_08
DOI
10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent number
US07084152B2

Reaction notes

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On this pageParticipantsProcedureWorkupSources & evidenceReaction notes