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Metals -> Metals, Organic Compounds

Flammable agents - 4th degree

0.9709 @ 25 °C

0.971 @25 °C

208 °C

208 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-74 °C

-50 °C

0.17 [mmHg]

0.210 Torr @ 25 °C

CBI; Liquid

Colorless liquid (will ignite spontaneously in air); [Hawley]

Closed containers may rupture violently when heated.

Low melting solids or colorless, volatile liquids. /Alkylaluminum halides/

Less sensitive than trialkylaminums to oxidation upon exposure to air. /Alkylaluminum halides/

Freezing point: -50 °C

Strongly associated forming dimers; held together by bridging halogen bonds; halogen aluminum bonds cleaved by water and alcohol /Aluminum alkyls/

Alkylaluminum chlorides, bromides, and iodides are usually dimeric, with bridging halides.

Danger

H225 (15.4%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P222, P223, P231, P231+P232, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 266 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: Aluminium, chlorodiethyl-

Aluminum, chlorodiethyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Aluminum, chlorodiethyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 30-04-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/24424

Aluminum, chlorodiethyl-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Ignites spontaneously in air.

Pyrophoric. Flammable liquid.

Certain polymerization catalysts, such as aluminum alkyls, react & burn violently on contact with water. /Aluminum alkyls/

Aluminum alkyls are organic aluminum compounds that are highly reactive and dangerous because of spontaneous burning in air. /Aluminum alkyls/

Prophoric material in flammable solvent. Vapors are heavier than air & may travel to a source of ignition & flash back. /Aluminum alkyls/

Aluminum alkyl halides release large amounts of HCl when spilled in water; [ERG 2016] Reacts violently with water and air; Decomposition products include flammable vapors, HCl, AlCl3, and aluminum containing dust; Causes thermal burns to skin and eyes; Inhalation can cause pulmonary edema; [CHEMINFO MSDS] Organoaluminum compounds are corrosive; Harmful if absorbed through the skin or inhaled; The butyl alkyls and below are pyrophoric; Aluminum alkyls are eye irritants; [HSDB] Organic aluminum compounds can cause irritation or burns, depending upon concentration; [Ullmann] TLV withdrawn for aluminum alkyls because of inadequate toxicological data; [ACGIH] See Aluminum. See ORGANOMETALS.

Anon; Information profiles on Potential Occupaional Hazards: Aluminum & Compounds, 2nd Draft (Revised); GRA & I Issue 21 NTIS/PB89-216238 (1989)> TD3: Information profiles are working papers used by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to assist the Institute in establishing priorities. The proile summarizes data on organic and inorganic substances containing aluminum as the only metal. Each summary presents data on known and suspected health effects, the extent of worker exposure, physical and chemical properties and the industrial importance of the following aluminum compounds: aluminum metal, aluminum ammonium sulfate, aluminum chlorhydrate, aluminum chloride anhydrous, aluminum chloride hydrous, aluminum distearate, aluminum ethoxide, aluminum fluoride, aluminum hydride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum nitrate, aluminum oxide, aluminum ortho-phosphate, aluminum potassium sulfate, aluminum silicate, aluminum sodium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, calcium aluminum silicate, diethylaluminum chloride, sodium aluminate, tri-n-butylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum. Detailed literature searches are conducted to identify information to be used in the profile sumaries. Sponsored by National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Rockville, MD.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY. /Aluminum alkyl halides; Aluminum alkyl halides, liquid; Aluminum alkyl halides, solid/

Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May ignite on contact with moist air or moisture. May burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. /Aluminum alkyl halides; Aluminum alkyl halides, liquid; Aluminum alkyl halides, solid/

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Health: Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Inhalation of decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. /Aluminum alkyl halides; Aluminum alkyl halides, liquid; Aluminum alkyl halides, solid/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CHLORODIETHYLALUMINUM (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.

4 - Materials that rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature or that are readily dispersed in air and burn readily.

3 - Materials that in themselves are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reaction but that require a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10-Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 10 mg/cu m (total). /Aluminum/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 5 mg/cu m (resp). /Aluminum/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 2 mg/cu m. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 5 mg/cu m. /Aluminum (pyro powders and welding fumes, as Al)/

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. DO NOT use water. Violent reaction may result. Use graphite powder, soda ash, or powdered sodium chloride to extinguish fire. On solvent based materials use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray cautiously to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

Stop flow of liquid before extinguishing fire. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. DO NOT use water as straight stream directly on spilled material. Water fog can be used to control fire. DO NOT use halogenated extinguishing agents on spilled material. Violent reaction may result. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. /Aluminum Alkyls/

Separate from oxidizing materials, acids, and alcohols, Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Must be stored in a dry location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquids storage warehouse, room, or cabinet.

Extremely reactive with air, moisture and compounds containing active hydrogen and therefore must be kept under a blanket of inert gas. /Aluminum alkyls/

In general, materials ... toxic as stored or which can decompose into toxic components ... Should be stored in cool ... ventilated place, out of ... sun, away from ... fire hazard ... be periodically inspected and monitored. Incompatible materials should be isolated ...

All possibility of contact with water must be avoided. Solution containing not more than 20% of these compounds in non-reactive solvents, however, can be handled without risk of spontaneous ignition. /Aluminum alkyls/

For more Storage Conditions (Complete) data for CHLORODIETHYLALUMINUM (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Approach release from upwind. Keep water away from release. Do no use foam to blanket release or suppress vapors. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.

Aluminum compounds are treated under anhydrous conditions to prevent violent reactions, recover solvent, and form Al compounds suitable for landfill by reaction with anhydrous hydrolysis agent, eg calcium hydroxide. /Aluminum compounds/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 mg/cu m (Respirable fraction). /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

7.3 [mg/m3]

81 [mg/m3]

490 [mg/m3]

Wear special protective clothing & positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al/

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Protective clothing and a high standard of training in the necessary precautionary measures are essential for the handling of the materials. /Aluminum alkyls/

Aluminum targets the nervous system and causes decreased nervous system performance and is associated with altered function of the blood-brain barrier. The accumulation of aluminum in the body may cause bone or brain diseases. High levels of aluminum have been linked to Alzheimer's disease. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740)

The main target organs of aluminum are the central nervous system and bone. Aluminum binds with dietary phosphorus and impairs gastrointestinal absorption of phosphorus. The decreased phosphate body burden results in osteomalacia (softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization) and rickets. Aluminum's neurotoxicity is believed to involve several mechanisms. Changes in cytoskeletal protein functions as a results of altered phosphorylation, proteolysis, transport, and synthesis are believed to be one cause. Aluminum may induce neurobehavioral effects by affecting permeability of the blood-brain barrier, cholinergic activity, signal transduction pathways, lipid peroxidation, and impair neuronal glutamate nitric oxide-cyclic GMP pathway, as well as interfere with metabolism of essential trace elements because of similar coordination chemistries and consequent competitive interactions. It has been suggested that aluminum's interaction with estrogen receptors increases the expression of estrogen-related genes and thereby contributes to the progression of breast cancer (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link between aluminum and increased risk of breast cancer (A15468). Certain aluminum salts induce immune responses by activating inflammasomes. (L739, A235, A236)

Inhalating aluminum dust causes coughing and abnormal chest X-rays. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740)

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive. Causes severe eye and skin burns. Irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system. May be harmful if absorbed through skin or inhaled. "Metal fume fever" may result from inhalation of fumes /from organoaluminum compounds/. /SRP: While possible, metal fume fever is not highly probable./

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Vapors of the pyrophoric alkyls (butyls and below) are nontoxic because they are completely consumed, but inhalation of the metallic oxide smoke (Al2O3) at 15 mg/cu m or greater can result in symptoms such as "metal fume fever." /Aluminum alkyls/

Not listed by IARC. IARC classified aluminum production as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), but did not implicate aluminum itself as a human carcinogen. (L135) A link between use of aluminum-containing antiperspirants and increased risk of breast cancer has been proposed (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link (A15468).

(AZ) ARIZONA 73 ug/l /Aluminum/

(CA) CALIFORNIA 200 ug/l /Aluminum/

(ME) MAINE 1430 ug/l /Aluminum/

Aluminum is poorly absorbed following either oral or inhalation exposure and is essentially not absorbed dermally. The bioavailability of aluminum is strongly influenced by the aluminum compound and the presence of dietary constituents which can complex with aluminum and enhance or inhibit its absorption. Aluminum binds to various ligands in the blood and distributes to every organ, with highest concentrations found in bone and lung tissues. In living organisms, aluminum is believed to exist in four different forms: as free ions, as low-molecular-weight complexes, as physically bound macromolecular complexes, and as covalently bound macromolecular complexes. Absorbed aluminum is excreted principally in the urine and, to a lesser extent, in the bile, while unabsorbed aluminum is excreted in the faeces. (L739)

Used as a catalyst for thermoplastic polymers and an intermediate for organometallic compounds; [Hawley] Used as military incendiary agent; [Sullivan, p. 979] Organic aluminum compounds are some of the most important, highest volume, highest value organometallic compounds in production. [Ullmann]

Plastic Composites Manufacturing [Category: Industry]

... Components of catalysts for the production of polyolefins and some elastomers.

Polyolefin catalyst; intermediate in the production of organometallics

2023: 1,000,000 - <2,500,000 lb

(1979) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+6 GRAMS

POLYMERIZATION CATALYST FOR POLYPROPYLENE, 60%; POLYMERIZATION CATALYST FOR CIS-1,4-POLYBUTADIENE, 32%; POLYMERIZATION CATALYST FOR ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE-DIENE ELASTOMERS, 8% (1981)

(1981) 2.86X10+9 G (EST CONSUMPTION)

... Prepared by the reaction of triethylaluminum with HCl.

Reaction of triethylaluminum with ethylaluminum sesquichloride.

The alkylaluminum halides are prepared from alkyl halides and aluminum, or by halogenation of trialkylaluminums. /Aluminum alkyls/

Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable

Aluminum, chlorodiethyl-: ACTIVE