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However, Busch et al. found that with aromatic compounds containing polar substituents, the selectivity to biphenyls was much lower. For example, p-bromophenol gave ca. 13.4% 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, p-bromoanisole gave ca. 35% 4,4'-dimethoxybiphenyl, bromobenzoic acid gave 40% 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid and 3-bromobenzoic acid gave 56.5% 3,3'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid.