Isobutyric Acid → 2,2-Dimethylhexanoic Acid

A 2-L flask is charged with 4.9 g (200 g-atom) of magnesium turnings, 75 mL of methanol and a crystal of iodine. The mixture is heated to reflux until all the magnesium has reacted leaving a grey slurry of magnesium methoxide. After cooling, 35.2 g (400 mmol) of isobutyric acid is added followed by 250 mL of toluene. A condenser is attached set for downward distillation and the methanol and some toluene are distilled until 250 mL of distillate is collected and the distillation temperature reaches ~110° C. The mixture is cooled, 400 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran is added along with 41 g (400 mmol) of diisopropylamine ad the resulting homogeneous solution is cooled in an ice bath. Finally, 240 mL of a standard solution of n-butyllithium in heptane (1.67 mmol/mL; 400 mmol) is added by injection at a temperature <10° C. The ice bath is retained for 10 minutes and then the mixture is warmed to 30°-35 ° C. for 30 minutes to complete the metalation. The ice bath is replaced and 54.8 g (400 mmol)) of 1-bromobutane is added over 15 minutes at 0° C. No exothermic reaction is observed. The ice bath is retained for 30 minutes and then the mixture is heated to 30°-35° C. for 18 hours overnight. At the conclusion of the reaction period, 150 mL of 6N hydrochloric acid solution (0.90 mmol)) is added at a temperature <10° C. followed by 280 mL of water. The aqueous layer is separated extracted with 200 mL of diethyl ether and the combined organic layers ar washed with 150 mL of 2N hydrochloric acid solution, 200 mL of saturated sodium chloride, dried (magnesium sulfate) and evaporated. This affords 64 g of product. Distillation through a 6" vacuum jacketed vigreux column affords 42.7 g of 2,2-dimethylhexanoic acid; bpD 103°-105°/5 mm; n25 1.4245.

1. temperatureAfter cooling
2. distillationA condenser is attached set for downward distillation
3. distillationthe methanol and some toluene are distilled until 250 mL of distillate
4. customis collected
5. customreaches ~110° C
6. temperatureThe mixture is cooled
7. temperatureis cooled in an ice bath
8. temperaturethe mixture is warmed to 30°-35 ° C. for 30 minutes
9. customNo exothermic reaction
10. temperaturethe mixture is heated to 30°-35° C. for 18 hours overnight
11. additionis added at a temperature <10° C.
12. customThe aqueous layer is separated
13. extractionextracted with 200 mL of diethyl ether
14. washthe combined organic layers ar washed with 150 mL of 2N hydrochloric acid solution, 200 mL of saturated sodium chloride
15. dry with materialdried (magnesium sulfate)
16. customevaporated
17. distillationDistillation through a 6" vacuum

ORD record

ord-d3c67f7ad7f649c9a66af49c09c69b0a

Source dataset

uspto-grants-1991_08

DOI

10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1

Patent number

US05041640