[NH2:1][C:2]([NH2:4])=[O:3].N[C@H:6](C=O)CCSC.CC(C)=O.NC(N)=O.[Cl-:21].[OH:22][CH2:23][CH2:24][N+:25]([CH3:28])([CH3:27])[CH3:26]>[Cl-].OCC[N+](C)(C)C.[O-2].[Zn+2].[Fe].[Ni].[Ti]>[NH2:1][C:2]([NH2:4])=[O:3].[Cl-:21].[OH:22][CH2:23][CH2:24][N+:25]([CH3:28])([CH3:27])[CH3:26].[CH4:6]
Zinc oxide and lead compounds can be dissolved in 2:1 urea-choline chloride and the respective metals subsequently electrodeposited onto a suitable cathode. Oxides of Fe, Al, Si and Ca were found to be almost totally insoluble in the above ionic liquid. Urea-choline chloride ionic liquid was prepared by combining urea (0.02 moles) with choline chloride (0.01 moles) in a beaker and heating at 80° C. Arc furnace dust (0.5 g) was added to the resulting clear colourless liquid and the mixture was heated at 80° C. for 1 hour. After 1 hour a brown suspension was obtained which was transferred to an electrochemical cell. Metal electrodeposition was achieved using a nickel cathode and a titanium anode (both electrodes were 50 mm by 10 mm and 1 mm thick) and applying a potential difference of 3.5 V for 1 hour. Prior to electrodeposition the electrodes were gently abraded with glass paper and cleaned with acetone. After 1 hour of electrodeposition the nickel cathode was removed from the brown suspension, washed with acetone and dried. A thick charcoal coloured deposit was obtained. The electrodeposited material was analysed using Energy Dispersive Analysis by X-rays. The results of the analysis revealed the presence of lead (77%), zinc (16%) and copper (7%). There was no trace of iron in the deposit thus showing that zinc oxide and iron (III) oxide can be separated and harmful lead compounds removed from arc furnace dust.
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