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Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Chlorosilanes

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

1.26 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.2426 g/cu cm at 20 °C

1.2426 @ 20°C

Fuming liquid

Liquid

Colorless or pale yellow liquid

Soluble in most organic solvents

Very soluble in chloroform

70 °F (NFPA, 2010)

70 °F (21 °C) (open cup)

195.1 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

91.5 °C

91.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

The silanes decomp at elevated temp to liberate hydrogen and deposit a high purity silicon, which leads to some of the principal uses of silanes. /Silanes/

Hydrogen chloride and phosgene gases may form; both are toxic and irritating.

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /chlorine/.

-139 °F (USCG, 1999)

-95 °C

-95 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1% (1 of 99) of reports.

Danger

H225 (99%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 99 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

Chemical: Silane, trichloroethenyl-

Silane, trichloroethenyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Silane, trichloroethenyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 08-12-2011 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/2048

Trichlorovinylsilane: HSNO Approval: HSR006344 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic chlorine and phosgene gases may be formed in fires.

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.

Self-ignites in air. With a little ammonia, it forms a self-igniting product. /Chlorosilanes/

Inhalation causes irritation of mucous membranes. Vapor irritates eyes. Contact with liquid causes severe burns of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes burns of mouth and stomach. (USCG, 1999)

· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.

Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] A lachrymator; High inhalation exposure can induce pneumonitis and pulmonary edema; [HSDB] Toxicity similar to HCl, which is released as vinyltrichlorosilane hydrolyzes; Corrosive to skin and respiratory tract; [AIHA] Reacts violently with water and moisture in the air evolving heat and hydrogen chloride gas; Causes severe burns; [CAMEO] Short-term exposure causes second- and third-degree skin burns and severe eye injury; [CHRIS] Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized (UN1305) has warning of explosive polymerization; [ERG 2016]

European Commission, ESIS; IUCLID Dataset, Trichloro(vinyl)silane (75-94-5) (2000 CD-ROM edition) contains information on use, toxicology, and environmental effects of this chemical as supplied to the European Union by industry.[Available from, as of February 2, 2010: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/]

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Get medical attention following all exposures to this compound.

General First Aid:

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

If material on fire or involved in fire: do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped; use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water; apply water from as far a distance as possible; do not use water on material itself; if large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog; use water spray to knock down vapors. /Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized/

Extinguish with dry chemicals or carbon dioxide. Do not use water or foam on fire. Cool exposed containers with water.

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus ... Wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized/

Water or foam may cause frothing.

SRP: Operations involving entry into tanks or closed vessels, and emergency situations, require consideration of potentially oxygen deficient, or "immediately dangerous to life and health" IDLH environments. This may necessitate use of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or a positive pressure supplied air respirator.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Environmental considerations - land spill: dig a pit, pond. lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner/; dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete; absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. /Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized/

Environmental considerations - water spill: use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel; remove trapped material with suction hoses. /Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized/

Environmental considerations - air spill: apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner that results in no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose of, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance procedures to confirm the efficacy of the cleaning procedures should be implemented prior to the decontaminated protective clothing being returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing (including shoes/socks) should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away; keep material out of water sources and sewers; build dikes to contain flow as necessary; attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard; use water spray to knock down vapors; do not use water on material itself; neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. /Vinyltrichlorosilane, stabilized/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Trichlorovinylsilane (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive); polymerization hazard]:

Immediate precautionary measure

When spilled in water

When spilled in water

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute inhalation exposure may result in sneezing, choking, laryngitis, dyspnea (shortness of breath), respiratory tract irritation, and chest pain. Higher exposure can cause pulmonary edema, a medical emergency that can be delayed for several hours. This can cause death. Bleeding of nose and gums, ulceration of the nasal and oral mucosa, pulmonary edema, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia may also occur. If the eyes have come in contact with dimethyldichlorosilane, irritation, pain, swelling, corneal erosion, and blindness may result. Dermatitis (red, inflamed skin), severe burns, pain, and shock generally follow dermal exposure. Inhalation irritates mucous membranes. Severe gastrointestinal damage may occur. Vapors cause severe eye and lung injury. Upon short contact, second and third degree burns may occur. Signs and symptoms of acute ingestion of dimethyldichlorosilane may be severe and include increased salivation, intense thirst, difficulty swallowing, chills, pain, and shock. Oral, esophageal, and stomach burns are common. /Dimethyldichlorosilane/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation irritates mucous membranes. Contact with liq causes severe burns of eyes and skin ... Vapors cause severe irritation of eyes and throat and can cause eye and lung injury. They cannot be tolerated even at low concn. Causes second- and third-degree burns on short contact ...

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Causes severe eye and skin burns. Serious health hazard. May be harmful if inhaled. Irritating to eye, skin, and respiratory system. /Dimethylchlorosilane/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Trichlorovinylsilane was reported to form vapors in humid air which caused irritation of the mucous membranes, coughing, and shortness of breath. Chronic exposure to 0.01 mg/L caused teeth destruction and gastrointestinal tract disturbances (no details given).

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Trichlorovinylsilane (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Vinyltrichlorosilane rated 10 on rabbit eyes ... Tested externally on eyes of rabbits and ... rated numerically on scale of 1-10 according to degree of injury ... after after 24 hr /observation/, paying particular attention to condition of cornea. Most severe injuries have been rated 10.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ /When instilled/... into eye of rabbit all these compounds /methyl and ethyl chlorosilanes/, even at very low doses (0.05 mL), caused severe burns of cornea and eyelids ... /When applied/ to skin of rabbit the region attacked by chlorosilanes blanches and blisters appear; action is more marked the damper surface of skin. /Chlorosilanes/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ They have a corrosive action when brought into contact with mucous membranes. /Chlorosilanes/

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Hydrogen chloride AEGL values were adopted as AEGL values for monochlorosilanes, AEGL values for dichlorosilanes were derived by dividing the hydrogen chloride AEGL values by a molar adjustment factor of two, AEGL values for the title trichlorosilanes were derived by dividing the hydrogen chloride AEGL values by a molar adjustment factor of three, and AEGL values for tetrachlorosilane were derived by dividing the hydrogen chloride AEGL values by a molar adjustment factor of four.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Trichlorovinylsilane (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Silane compounds decompose upon contact with water or steam to produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride. Silane ignites spontaneously in air(1,2). With a little ammonia, it forms a self-igniting product(1). /Chlorosilanes/

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Report, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use for trichlorovinylsilane is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

Chlorosilane compounds' production and use as intermediates for silicone products may result in their release to the environment through various waste streams. However, these compounds decompose to release hydrogen chloride upon contact with water or steam. Therefore, volatilization, biodegradation, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important environmental fate processes. /Chlorosilanes/ (SRC)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal (refer to ingestion protocol in Section Three ... . Cover skin burns with sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and related compounds/

LD50 Rat oral 1280 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 190 mg/kg

LD50 Rabbit oralL 0.089 mL/kg

LD50 Rabbit skin 680 mg/kg

LC50 Rat inhalation 1611 ppm for 1 hr (95% confidence limits 1505-1724)

Vinyltrichlorosilane

A Commercial Grade

A Placarded Amount

Chemical or material that can be mixed with readily available materials.

Used as monomers in the production of resins that are electrical insulators and resistant to water and high temperatures; also used to make adhesives and silicones; [HSDB]

Toxic Gas from Spilling Chemical in Water [Category: Other]

Monomer for copolymers in water repellents, electrical insulating resins, and high temp resins for paints.

Intermediate for silicones; coupling agent in adhesives and bonds.

2023: <50,000 lb

(1972) Probably < 4.54X10+5 g

(1975) Probably < 4.54X10+5 g

Silane, trichloroethenyl- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#2358]

Production volume for non-confidential chemicals reported under the 2006 Inventory Update Rule. Chemical: Silane, trichloroethenyl-. Aggreated National Production Volume: 1 to <10 million lbs.

Reaction of acetylene and trichlorosilane (peroxide catalyst)

Reaction of trichlorosilane with vinyl chloride

Grade: Technical

Grades or purity: 96+%; 98.5+%

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Silane, trichloroethenyl-: ACTIVE